# Roger Cotes

> English mathematician

**Wikidata**: [Q451667](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451667)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_Cotes)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/roger-cotes

## Summary

Roger Cotes was an English mathematician whose work centered on mathematical formulas and numerical methods. He is best known for his association with the **Newton–Cotes formula**, a widely used framework for numerical integration that bears his name alongside Isaac Newton's.

## Biography

- **Nationality:** English
- **Field(s):** Mathematics
- **Known for:** Co-development of the Newton–Cotes formulas for numerical integration

*Note: The available source material does not include dates of birth or death, places of birth, education history, or employer affiliations.*

## Contributions

The primary contribution attributed to Roger Cotes in the provided source material is the **Newton–Cotes formula**, a family of formulas used for **numerical integration**. These formulas approximate the definite integral of a function and are foundational in numerical analysis. The Newton–Cotes formula is documented across at least **20 sitelinks**, indicating broad recognition and reference within encyclopedic and academic knowledge bases.

## FAQs

**What is Roger Cotes known for in mathematics?**
Roger Cotes is known for the Newton–Cotes formulas, a set of numerical integration techniques developed in collaboration with or alongside the work of Isaac Newton.

**What field did Roger Cotes work in?**
He worked in the field of mathematics, with a particular focus on numerical methods.

**How widely recognized is the Newton–Cotes formula?**
The formula is documented across at least 20 sitelinks in linked knowledge bases, reflecting its widespread use and enduring relevance in mathematical literature.

## Why They Matter

Roger Cotes holds a recognized place in the history of mathematics through the Newton–Cotes formulas, which remain a standard topic in numerical analysis. These formulas provide a practical method for approximating integrals—a core operation in calculus, engineering, physics, and applied sciences. Without Cotes's contributions to this area, the toolkit available for numerical integration would lack one of its most fundamental and pedagogically important approaches. His work continues to be referenced in academic curricula and computational applications worldwide.

## Notable For

- English mathematician recognized in major knowledge bases (31 sitelinks documenting his biography and work)
- Co-namesake of the **Newton–Cotes formula**, a foundational family of numerical integration methods
- Subject of a dedicated Wikipedia article (`Roger Cotes`) and Wikidata entity

## Body

### Identity and Field

Roger Cotes was an **English mathematician**. His professional identity and contributions are anchored in the discipline of mathematics, where his name remains attached to a significant computational method.

### The Newton–Cotes Formula

The **Newton–Cotes formula** represents the primary work associated with Roger Cotes in the available source material. It is classified as a *Thing* in structured knowledge representations and is described as a set of **formulas for numerical integration**. The formula's documentation spans **20 sitelinks** across various language and knowledge platforms, underscoring its status as a widely referenced mathematical tool.

### Digital and Knowledge Base Presence

Roger Cotes is cataloged in structured knowledge systems with the following properties:

- **Wikidata description:** English mathematician
- **Wikipedia title:** Roger Cotes
- **Sitelink count (biography):** 31
- **Sitelink count (Newton–Cotes formula):** 20

These metrics indicate sustained global interest in both Cotes as a historical figure and the mathematical formula that carries his name.

## References

1. MacTutor History of Mathematics archive
2. Virtual International Authority File
3. BnF authorities
4. Mathematics Genealogy Project
5. Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography
6. A Short History of Astronomy
7. Find a Grave
8. [Source](http://trinitycollegechapel.com/about/memorials/sculptures/cotes/)
9. International Standard Name Identifier
10. CiNii Research
11. SNAC
12. Freebase Data Dumps. 2013
13. [Source](http://digitale.beic.it/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?fn=search&vid=BEIC&vl%283134987UI0%29=creator&vl%28freeText0%29=Cotes%20Roger)
14. CERL Thesaurus
15. LIBRIS. 2002