# Rectangular Differential Spatial Modulation for Open-Loop Noncoherent Massive-MIMO Downlink

> Research article (IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 2017) · cited 59× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W2582220099](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W2582220099)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/rectangular-differential-spatial-modulation-for-open-loop-noncoherent-massive-mimo-downlink