# PSO-Based Predictive PID-Backstepping Controller Design for the Course-Keeping of Ships

> Research article (Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 2024) · cited 19× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W4391145796](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W4391145796)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/pso-based-predictive-pid-backstepping-controller-design-for-the-course-keeping-of-ships