# Progress MS-12

> Russian resupply mission to the International Space Station

**Wikidata**: [Q26698204](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26698204)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progress_MS-12)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/progress-ms-12

## Summary
Progress MS-12 was a Russian resupply mission to the International Space Station (ISS), launched on July 31, 2019. It was part of the Progress MS series of expendable cargo spacecraft, operated by Roscosmos and Energia, delivering essential supplies and equipment to the ISS.

## Key Facts
- **Launch Date**: July 31, 2019
- **Launch Vehicle**: Soyuz-2.1a rocket
- **Launch Site**: Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 31
- **Operator**: S.P. Korolev Rocket and Space Corporation Energia
- **Country**: Russia
- **COSPAR ID**: 2019-047A
- **Aliases**: Progress 73, 73P
- **Preceded by**: Progress MS-11
- **Followed by**: Progress MS-13
- **Instance of**: Progress MS spacecraft class

## FAQs
### Q: What was the purpose of Progress MS-12?
A: Progress MS-12 was a resupply mission to the International Space Station, delivering cargo such as food, fuel, and equipment to support the crew and operations aboard the ISS.

### Q: When was Progress MS-12 launched?
A: Progress MS-12 was launched on July 31, 2019, from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan.

### Q: What rocket was used to launch Progress MS-12?
A: The mission was launched using a Soyuz-2.1a rocket, a version of the Soyuz-2 series.

### Q: Who operated the Progress MS-12 mission?
A: The mission was operated by the S.P. Korolev Rocket and Space Corporation Energia under the Roscosmos State Corporation.

### Q: What were the aliases for Progress MS-12?
A: Progress MS-12 was also known as Progress 73 or 73P.

## Why It Matters
Progress MS-12 played a critical role in sustaining the International Space Station by delivering essential supplies, including food, water, fuel, and scientific equipment. Resupply missions like Progress MS-12 are vital for the continuous operation of the ISS, enabling long-duration human spaceflight and scientific research in microgravity. Without these missions, the ISS would be unable to support its crew or conduct experiments that advance our understanding of space, biology, and technology. The Progress MS series, including MS-12, demonstrates Russia's ongoing contribution to international space cooperation and the maintenance of humanity's only permanent orbital laboratory.

## Notable For
- **Part of the Progress MS series**: A modernized variant of the Progress cargo spacecraft, designed for improved reliability and efficiency.
- **Successful resupply mission**: Delivered critical cargo to the ISS, ensuring the station's operational continuity.
- **Launched on Soyuz-2.1a**: Utilized a modernized version of the Soyuz rocket, known for its reliability in both crewed and uncrewed missions.
- **Operated by Energia**: Managed by one of Russia's leading aerospace corporations, highlighting the country's expertise in space logistics.
- **International collaboration**: Contributed to the multinational effort to maintain and utilize the ISS for scientific and technological advancement.

## Body
### Mission Overview
Progress MS-12 was an uncrewed cargo resupply mission to the International Space Station, launched by Russia. It was part of the Progress MS series, which is an upgraded version of the Progress spacecraft designed to transport supplies to the ISS. The mission was critical for delivering necessary provisions to the station's crew and supporting ongoing scientific research.

### Launch Details
- **Date**: July 31, 2019
- **Launch Vehicle**: Soyuz-2.1a
- **Launch Site**: Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 31, Kazakhstan
- **Operator**: Roscosmos State Corporation, with mission management by S.P. Korolev Rocket and Space Corporation Energia

### Spacecraft Specifications
- **Class**: Progress MS
- **COSPAR ID**: 2019-047A
- **Aliases**: Progress 73, 73P
- **Predecessor**: Progress MS-11
- **Successor**: Progress MS-13

### Mission Objectives
The primary objective of Progress MS-12 was to deliver cargo to the ISS, including:
- Food and water for the crew
- Fuel for the station's propulsion system
- Scientific equipment and experiments
- Spare parts and maintenance supplies

### Significance in Space Exploration
Progress MS-12 was one of many missions that ensure the ISS remains operational. These resupply missions are essential for:
- Supporting long-duration human spaceflight
- Enabling scientific research in microgravity
- Maintaining the ISS as a platform for international cooperation in space

## Schema Markup
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  "name": "Progress MS-12",
  "description": "Russian resupply mission to the International Space Station launched on July 31, 2019.",
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## References

1. Jonathan's Space Report