# Presença
**Wikidata**: [Q10353627](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10353627)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presença)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/presenca

## Summary
Presença was a Portuguese magazine of art and criticism, founded in Coimbra on March 10, 1927, and ceasing publication in 1940. It is a historically significant periodical known for its influential editorial team, which included key figures of Portuguese modernism like José Régio, and for its role in shaping early 20th-century cultural discourse in Portugal.

## Key Facts
- **Instance of**: Magazine (periodical publication).
- **Subtitle**: "revista de arte e crítica" (magazine of art and criticism).
- **Inception**: March 10, 1927.
- **Ceased Publication**: 1940.
- **Country of Origin**: Portugal.
- **Primary Places of Publication**: Coimbra (from inception to November 1938), Lisbon (from November 1939 to cessation in February 1940).
- **Language**: Portuguese.
- **Core Editorial Team**:
    - Branquinho da Fonseca (editor from March 10, 1927, to May 1, 1930).
    - João Gaspar Simões (editor from March 10, 1927, to February 1, 1940).
    - José Régio (editor from March 10, 1927, to February 1, 1940).
    - Adolfo Casais Monteiro (editor from July 1, 1931, to February 1, 1940).
- **Identifiers**:
    - Freebase ID: /m/08qr7pv.
    - OCLC Number: 6886687.
    - HathiTrust ID: 007394160.
    - Larousse ID: litterature/A_Presença/176196.
- **Digital Presence**:
    - Wikipedia titles exist in Commons, English, Spanish, Italian, and Portuguese.
    - Commons Category: Presença (magazine).
    - Sitelink count: 5 (across Wikimedia projects).

## FAQs
**What was the primary focus of the magazine Presença?**
Presença was a magazine dedicated to art and criticism ("revista de arte e crítica"), positioning it as a key platform for literary and artistic debate in Portugal during its run from 1927 to 1940.

**Who were the main editors of Presença?**
The magazine was edited by a core group of four individuals: Branquinho da Fonseca (until 1930), João Gaspar Simões, José Régio, and Adolfo Casais Monteiro (from 1931), with Simões, Régio, and Monteiro serving until its closure in 1940.

**Where was Presença published?**
Publication began in Coimbra on March 10, 1927, and continued there until November 1938. The editorial base then moved to Lisbon, where it was published from November 1939 until the magazine ceased in February 1940.

**In what language was Presença written?**
The magazine was published entirely in Portuguese, reflecting its focus on the cultural and literary scene of Portugal.

**How can one access archival or digital information about Presença?**
Presença has a digital footprint through multiple Wikipedia language editions (commons, en, es, it, pt) and is cataloged in library systems with identifiers like OCLC number 6886687 and HathiTrust ID 007394160. Its archives are also referenced in the Larousse encyclopedia.

## Why It Matters
Presença matters as a foundational publication in the history of Portuguese modernism. It provided a crucial, sustained platform for art and literary criticism during a pivotal period in the early 20th century, directly influencing the development of Portuguese literature and visual arts. The magazine's editorial team, featuring future luminaries like José Régio, used it to champion new aesthetic ideas and debate the direction of national culture. Its relatively short but intense lifespan (1927-1940) encapsulates a dynamic era of intellectual ferment in Portugal, making it a primary source for understanding the interwar cultural landscape. The magazine's legacy is preserved through its continued citation in academic works, its presence in major library catalogs (OCLC, HathiTrust), and its documentation across multiple Wikimedia projects, ensuring ongoing scholarly and public access.

## Notable For
- **Pioneering Platform**: It was a leading magazine for art and criticism ("revista de arte e crítica") in Portugal during the 1920s and 1930s.
- **Influential Editorial Lineup**: Featured a core editorial team of four major Portuguese literary figures: Branquinho da Fonseca, João Gaspar Simões, José Régio, and Adolfo Casais Monteiro.
- **Geographic Shift**: Its move of publication from the university city of Coimbra to the capital, Lisbon, mirrors a shift in the country's cultural center of gravity.
- **Modernist Catalyst**: Served as a central forum for the debates and promotion of modernist aesthetics in Portuguese art and literature.
- **Preserved Legacy**: Maintains a significant digital and archival footprint with dedicated Wikipedia pages in five languages and major library registry numbers (OCLC, HathiTrust).
- **Defined Era**: Its 13-year run (1927-1940) bookends a specific, intense phase of Portuguese cultural history.

## Body

### History and Timeline
Presença was established as a magazine of art and criticism on March 10, 1927. Its editorial leadership was shared from the start by Branquinho da Fonseca, João Gaspar Simões, and José Régio. Adolfo Casais Monteiro joined the editorial team later, on July 1, 1931. The magazine's publication location was initially in Coimbra, a historic university city. After over a decade, the place of publication shifted to Lisbon, with the move occurring around November 1939. The magazine ceased publication in February 1940, concluding a 13-year run that significantly impacted Portuguese cultural journalism.

### Editorial Leadership and Tenure
The magazine's direction was defined by its four principal editors, each with specific tenures:
- **Branquinho da Fonseca**: Served as editor from the founding date (March 10, 1927) until May 1, 1930.
- **João Gaspar Simões**: Was an editor from the inception (March 10, 1927) through to the magazine's final issue (February 1, 1940), providing continuous long-term leadership.
- **José Régio**: Also served from the beginning (March 10, 1927) until the end (February 1, 1940), making him a constant figure throughout the magazine's entire lifespan.
- **Adolfo Casais Monteiro**: Joined the editorial team on July 1, 1931, and served until the cessation of publication on February 1, 1940.

### Publication Geography and Logistics
The physical production and distribution of Presença were anchored in two major Portuguese cities:
1.  **Coimbra**: The magazine originated and was published here from its inception on March 10, 1927, until approximately November 1938. This period ties it to the academic and intellectual environment of the city.
2.  **Lisbon**: The editorial office relocated to the nation's capital, with publication continuing from November 1939 until the final issue in February 1940. This move placed it at the heart of Portugal's political and cultural capital for its final months.

### Linguistic and Cultural Context
Presença was a Portuguese-language publication ("language_of_work_or_name: Portuguese"). Its subtitle, "revista de arte e crítica," explicitly defined its scope as a magazine focused on art and criticism. This positioned it within the broader ecosystem of periodicals but with a specific niche in high culture and intellectual debate. It was a product of and contributor to the Portuguese cultural sphere, operating within the country's media landscape.

### Digital and Archival Footprint
The legacy of Presença is maintained through several key identifiers and digital presences:
- **Library Cataloging**: It is registered in global bibliographic systems with an **OCLC number (6886687)** and a **HathiTrust ID (007394160)**, ensuring it is findable in academic and library databases.
- **Encyclopedic Reference**: It has an entry in the Larousse encyclopedia under the literature section (ID: litterature/A_Presença/176196).
- **Wikimedia Projects**: The magazine has a dedicated **Commons category** and **Wikipedia articles** in five languages: Portuguese (pt), English (en), Spanish (es), Italian (it), and the global Commons repository. This multilingual presence indicates its recognized historical importance beyond Portugal.
- **Structured Data**: It is linked to a **Freebase ID (/m/08qr7pv)**, integrating it into the linked open data ecosystem.

### Classification and Relationships
Within knowledge systems, Presença is explicitly classified as an **instance of a magazine**. This connects it directly to the general class of periodical publications described in the source material's "magazine" entry. Its specific subtype is defined by its subtitle and editorial content as a publication of "art and criticism." The magazine is intrinsically linked to its **country of origin, Portugal**, and its editorial team, whose individual biographies are part of the broader history of Portuguese literature. Its short, concentrated publication period makes it a discrete historical artifact within the long timeline of Portuguese periodicals.

## References

1. WorldCat