# Pietro Perugino

> Italian Renaissance painter of the Umbrian school (1448-1523)

**Wikidata**: [Q5827](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5827)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pietro_Perugino)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/pietro-perugino

## Summary
Pietro Perugino was an Italian Renaissance painter of the Umbrian school, active from 1448 to 1523. He is best known for his religious paintings, frescoes, and portraits, which blend Umbrian and Florentine artistic traditions. His works include notable pieces like the *Pietà* (1483) and the *Crucifixion of Christ with saints* (1484), showcasing his mastery of composition and religious themes.

## Biography
- Born: 1448 (exact location not specified)
- Nationality: Italian
- Education: Trained in Umbria, influenced by the Umbrian and Florentine schools
- Known for: Religious paintings, frescoes, and portraits
- Employer(s): Worked independently and for various patrons, including the Uffizi and the Vatican
- Field(s): Painting

## Contributions
Pietro Perugino created numerous religious and mythological paintings, including:
- *Pietà* (1483), Uffizi
- *God the Father with Two Saints* (1477)
- *Crucifixion of Christ with saints* (1484, co-created with Luca Signorelli)
- *Lamentation over the Dead Christ* (1495, Galleria Palatina, Florence)
- *San Francesco al Prato Resurrection* (1499, Pinacoteca Vaticana)
- *Saint Sebastian* (1490, Nationalmuseum, Stockholm)
- *Madonna and Child Enthroned with Saints John the Baptist and Sebastian* (1493)
- *The Vision of Saint Bernard* (1488–1500, Alte Pinakothek)
- *Apollo and Marsyas* (1497)
- *Portrait of Lorenzo di Credi* (1488, National Gallery of Art)
- *Madonna with child* (1501, National Gallery di Washington)
- *Madonna and Child with Saints John the Evangelist and Augustine* (1494, Sant'Agostino, Cremona)
- *Mary Magdalene* (1500, Galleria Palatina, Florence)
- *Tezi Altarpiece* (1500)
- *Combat of Love and Chastity* (1503, Louvre)
- *Crucifixion of Christ* (1502)
- *Sansepolcro Altarpiece* (1510)
- *Portrait of Francesco delle Opere* (1494, Uffizi)
- *Delivery of the Keys* (1480, fresco)
- *Pazzi Crucifixion* (1495, fresco)
- *Moses Leaving for Egypt* (1482, fresco, Sistine Chapel)
- *San Pietro Polyptych* (1496)
- *Madonna di Loreto* (1507, National Gallery)
- *Assumption of the Virgin* (1506, Cathedral of Naples)
- *Pala della Trasfigurazione* (1517)
- *Last Supper* (1493, fresco, Cenacolo di Fuligno)
- *Marriage of the Virgin* (1501, Musée des Beaux-Arts de Caen)
- *Annunziata Polyptych* (1504, dismembered altar painting co-created with Filippino Lippi)
- *Portrait of a Young Man* (1495, Uffizi)
- *Agony in the Garden* (1483, Uffizi)
- *Ascension of Christ* (1496, Musée des Beaux-Arts de Lyon)
- *The Baptism of Christ* (1482, fresco, Sistine Chapel)
- *Fano Altarpiece* (1497)

## FAQs
**What style of art did Pietro Perugino practice?**
Pietro Perugino blended the Umbrian and Florentine schools, creating religious and mythological works characterized by intricate compositions and expressive figures.

**Where are some of Pietro Perugino’s most famous paintings located?**
His works are housed in museums and galleries worldwide, including the Uffizi, Louvre, National Gallery of Art, and Pinacoteca Vaticana.

**Did Pietro Perugino collaborate with other artists?**
Yes, he co-created the *Crucifixion of Christ with saints* (1484) with Luca Signorelli and the *Annunziata Polyptych* (1504) with Filippino Lippi.

**What religious themes did Pietro Perugino frequently depict?**
He frequently painted scenes of the Virgin Mary, saints, and Christ, often in a devotional context.

**What is Pietro Perugino’s most recognized painting?**
The *Pietà* (1483) is among his most renowned works, showcasing his skill in depicting emotional and spiritual moments.

## Why They Matter
Pietro Perugino’s contributions to Renaissance art bridge the Umbrian and Florentine traditions, influencing later generations of painters. His religious works, particularly those in the Uffizi and Vatican collections, remain significant in the study of Renaissance art. His ability to blend different artistic styles and themes left a lasting impact on the development of Italian painting.

## Notable For
- Created the *Pietà* (1483), a landmark religious painting in the Uffizi
- Co-created the *Crucifixion of Christ with saints* (1484) with Luca Signorelli
- Produced the *San Francesco al Prato Resurrection* (1499) for the Pinacoteca Vaticana
- Painted the *Saint Sebastian* (1490) for the Nationalmuseum, Stockholm
- Designed the *Portrait of Lorenzo di Credi* (1488) for the National Gallery of Art
- Created the *Madonna with child* (1501) for the National Gallery di Washington
- Painted the *Tezi Altarpiece* (1500) and the *Sansepolcro Altarpiece* (1510)
- Designed the *Portrait of Francesco delle Opere* (1494) for the Uffizi
- Created the *Delivery of the Keys* (1480) and *Pazzi Crucifixion* (1495) as frescoes
- Painted the *Moses Leaving for Egypt* (1482) for the Sistine Chapel
- Designed the *San Pietro Polyptych* (1496) and the *Pala della Trasfigurazione* (1517)
- Created the *Last Supper* (1493) fresco for the Cenacolo di Fuligno
- Painted the *Marriage of the Virgin* (1501) for the Musée des Beaux-Arts de Caen
- Co-created the *Annunziata Polyptych* (1504) with Filippino Lippi
- Designed the *Portrait of a Young Man* (1495) for the Uffizi
- Painted the *Agony in the Garden* (1483) for the Uffizi
- Created the *Ascension of Christ* (1496) for the Musée des Beaux-Arts de Lyon
- Painted the *The Baptism of Christ* (1482) for the Sistine Chapel
- Designed the *Fano Altarpiece* (1497)

## Body
### Early Life and Training
Pietro Perugino was born in 1448, though his exact birthplace is not specified. He trained in Umbria, absorbing influences from both the Umbrian and Florentine schools of painting. His early works reflect a blend of these traditions, characterized by expressive figures and intricate compositions.

### Career and Major Works
Perugino’s career spanned several decades, during which he created numerous religious and mythological paintings. His most notable works include:
- *Pietà* (1483), a devotional piece housed in the Uffizi, showcasing his ability to convey emotion and spirituality.
- *God the Father with Two Saints* (1477), another religious composition that highlights his mastery of composition.
- *Crucifixion of Christ with saints* (1484), co-created with Luca Signorelli, demonstrating his collaborative approach to art.
- *Lamentation over the Dead Christ* (1495), a poignant work in the Galleria Palatina, Florence, that underscores his skill in depicting sorrow and grief.
- *San Francesco al Prato Resurrection* (1499), a religious painting for the Pinacoteca Vaticana, reflecting his devotion to sacred themes.
- *Saint Sebastian* (1490), a mythological subject painted for the Nationalmuseum, Stockholm, showcasing his ability to depict heroic figures.
- *Madonna and Child Enthroned with Saints John the Baptist and Sebastian* (1493), a religious work that combines multiple figures in a single composition.
- *The Vision of Saint Bernard* (1488–1500), a religious painting in the Alte Pinakothek, depicting a moment of divine revelation.
- *Apollo and Marsyas* (1497), a mythological scene that highlights Perugino’s ability to depict classical subjects.
- *Portrait of Lorenzo di Credi* (1488), a portrait for the National Gallery of Art, demonstrating his skill in capturing individual likenesses.
- *Madonna with child* (1501), a religious painting for the National Gallery di Washington, showcasing his ability to depict the Virgin Mary.
- *Madonna and Child with Saints John the Evangelist and Augustine* (1494), a religious work for Sant'Agostino, Cremona, reflecting his devotion to sacred themes.
- *Mary Magdalene* (1500), a religious painting in the Galleria Palatina, Florence, depicting a moment of penitence.
- *Tezi Altarpiece* (1500), an altarpiece that combines multiple religious figures in a single composition.
- *Combat of Love and Chastity* (1503), a mythological scene in the Louvre, showcasing his ability to depict abstract concepts.
- *Crucifixion of Christ* (1502), a religious painting that underscores his skill in depicting suffering and sacrifice.
- *Sansepolcro Altarpiece* (1510), an altarpiece that combines multiple religious figures in a single composition.
- *Portrait of Francesco delle Opere* (1494), a portrait for the Uffizi, demonstrating his skill in capturing individual likenesses.
- *Delivery of the Keys* (1480), a fresco that highlights his ability to depict moments of divine intervention.
- *Pazzi Crucifixion* (1495), a fresco that underscores his skill in depicting suffering and sacrifice.
- *Moses Leaving for Egypt* (1482), a fresco in the Sistine Chapel, showcasing his ability to depict biblical scenes.
- *San Pietro Polyptych* (1496), a polyptych that combines multiple religious figures in a single composition.
- *Madonna di Loreto* (1507), a religious painting for the National Gallery, showcasing his ability to depict the Virgin Mary.
- *Assumption of the Virgin* (1506), a religious painting for the Cathedral of Naples, depicting the Virgin Mary’s ascension to heaven.
- *Pala della Trasfigurazione* (1517), an altarpiece that combines multiple religious figures in a single composition.
- *Last Supper* (1493), a fresco for the Cenacolo di Fuligno, depicting the final meal of Christ with his disciples.
- *Marriage of the Virgin* (1501), a religious painting for the Musée des Beaux-Arts de Caen, depicting the Virgin Mary’s betrothal to Joseph.
- *Annunziata Polyptych* (1504), a dismembered altarpiece co-created with Filippino Lippi, showcasing his collaborative approach to art.
- *Portrait of a Young Man* (1495), a portrait for the Uffizi, demonstrating his skill in capturing individual likenesses.
- *Agony in the Garden* (1483), a religious painting for the Uffizi, depicting Christ’s agony before his crucifixion.
- *Ascension of Christ* (1496), a religious painting for the Musée des Beaux-Arts de Lyon, depicting Christ’s ascension to heaven.
- *The Baptism of Christ* (1482), a fresco in the Sistine Chapel, showcasing his ability to depict biblical scenes.
- *Fano Altarpiece* (1497), an altarpiece that combines multiple religious figures in a single composition.

### Collaborations and Influence
Perugino collaborated with other artists, including Luca Signorelli and Filippino Lippi, on projects such as the *Crucifixion of Christ with saints* (1484) and the *Annunziata Polyptych* (1504). His works influenced later generations of painters, blending the Umbrian and Florentine traditions in innovative ways.

### Legacy
Pietro Perugino’s legacy lies in his ability to blend different artistic styles and themes, leaving a lasting impact on Renaissance art. His religious and mythological works remain significant in the study of Italian painting, and his contributions to the Umbrian and Florentine schools continue to inspire artists today.

## References

1. BnF authorities
2. artist list of the National Museum of Sweden. 2016
3. Integrated Authority File
4. The Fine Art Archive
5. RKDartists
6. Encyclopædia Universalis
7. Enciclopedia Treccani
8. Freebase Data Dumps. 2013
9. Virtual International Authority File
10. [Source](http://www.nationalgallery.org.uk/paintings/learn-about-art/paintings-in-depth/verrocchio-unveiled)
11. Vies des peintres, sculpteurs et architectes
12. lives of the most excellent painters,sculptors,and architects
13. Les Vies des meilleurs peintres, sculpteurs et architectes
14. Quora
15. LIBRIS. 2012
16. Metropolitan Museum of Art
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19. [Source](https://www.fine-arts-museum.be/nl/de-collectie/artist/perugino-1)
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21. [Source](https://library.nga.gov/permalink/01NGA_INST/1cl1g8d/alma991133673504896)