# Philipp Otto Runge

> German artist (1777-1810)

**Wikidata**: [Q166585](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166585)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philipp_Otto_Runge)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/philipp-otto-runge

## Summary
Philipp Otto Runge was a German artist, painter, poet, and writer active during the late 18th and early 19th centuries, born in 1777 and deceased in 1810. He is best known for his significant contributions to Romantic art, particularly through his masterpiece *The Hülsenbeck children*, as well as his work as a draftsperson, printmaker, and illustrator of fairy tales. His career spanned various artistic genres including history painting, portraiture, landscape painting, and still life, leaving a legacy that includes an asteroid named in his honor.

## Biography
- **Born**: July 23, 1777 (Place not explicitly named in source, but associated with Swedish Pomerania and Hamburg)
- **Nationality**: German (Citizenship: Q682318)
- **Education**: Educated at the Gelehrtenschule des Johanneums (grammar school in Hamburg) and affiliated with the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts.
- **Known for**: Creating the painting *The Hülsenbeck children* (1805), illustrating fairy tales like *The Fisherman and His Wife* and *The Juniper Tree*, and working across multiple artistic disciplines including painting, poetry, and printmaking.
- **Employer(s)**: Affiliated with the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts; educated at the Gelehrtenschule des Johanneums.
- **Field(s)**: Painting, Poetry, Printmaking, Drafting, Writing, History Painting, Portraiture, Landscape Painting, Still Life.

## Contributions
- **The Hülsenbeck children**: A renowned painting created by Runge, with inception dates noted as 1805 and 1800. This work stands as a primary example of his portraiture and artistic skill.
- **The Fisherman and His Wife**: Runge provided illustrations for this fairy tale by the Brothers Grimm, contributing to the visual storytelling of the narrative.
- **The Juniper Tree**: Runge created illustrations for this Brothers Grimm fairy tale, further establishing his role as an illustrator of literary works.
- **Self-Portraits**: Created *Selbstbildnis mit braunem Kragen* (Self-portrait with brown collar) around 1802 and *Selbstbildnis am Zeichentisch* (Self-portrait at the drawing table), documenting his own image and artistic process.
- **Grave Documentation**: His final resting place in Hamburg is documented via the image *Hamburg Philipp-Otto Runge-Grab.jpg*.
- **Asteroid Naming**: The asteroid 11853 Runge was named in his honor, recognizing his cultural impact.
- **Genre Expansion**: He actively worked in and contributed to the genres of history painting, portrait, landscape painting, and still life.

## FAQs
**What artistic roles did Philipp Otto Runge fulfill?**
Runge was a multifaceted artist who worked as a painter, poet, printmaker, draftsperson, and writer. He utilized written words to produce literary works while simultaneously creating visual art through painting, drawing, and printmaking.

**Which specific works is Philipp Otto Runge most famous for?**
He is most famous for the painting *The Hülsenbeck children*, created around 1805. Additionally, his illustrations for the Brothers Grimm fairy tales *The Fisherman and His Wife* and *The Juniper Tree* are significant contributions to his body of work.

**Where did Philipp Otto Runge receive his education and professional training?**
He was educated at the Gelehrtenschule des Johanneums, a grammar school located in Hamburg, Germany. He was also affiliated with the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts, an art school in Denmark founded in 1754.

**What genres of art did Philipp Otto Runge practice?**
Runge's artistic practice covered a wide range of genres including history painting, portraiture, landscape painting, and still life. He also engaged in draftsmanship and printmaking as part of his creative output.

**How is Philipp Otto Runge remembered in modern astronomy and culture?**
His legacy is commemorated by the asteroid 11853 Runge, which bears his name. Furthermore, his grave in Hamburg is preserved and documented, and he is the subject of numerous academic identifiers and library records.

## Why They Matter
Philipp Otto Runge matters because he bridged the gap between visual art and literature during the Romantic era, creating a holistic artistic identity that encompassed painting, poetry, and writing. His work in illustrating fairy tales helped define the visual language of the Brothers Grimm's stories, influencing how these narratives were perceived by the public. By mastering diverse genres from history painting to still life, he expanded the scope of what a German artist could achieve in the early 19th century. His self-portraits provide a unique window into the psyche of the artist, while the naming of an asteroid after him signifies a lasting recognition of his cultural footprint that extends beyond the art world into the realm of science and astronomy.

## Notable For
- **Masterpiece Creation**: The painting *The Hülsenbeck children* (1805), a landmark work in his portfolio.
- **Literary Illustration**: Providing artwork for *The Fisherman and His Wife* and *The Juniper Tree* by the Brothers Grimm.
- **Multidisciplinary Talent**: Successfully operating as a painter, poet, printmaker, draftsperson, and writer simultaneously.
- **Genre Versatility**: Active contributions to history painting, portraiture, landscape painting, and still life.
- **Educational Affiliation**: Training at the Gelehrtenschule des Johanneums and affiliation with the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts.
- **Asteroid Honor**: The asteroid 11853 Runge named in his memory.
- **Self-Documentation**: Creation of notable self-portraits such as *Selbstbildnis mit braunem Kragen* (c. 1802).
- **Longevity of Record**: Extensive documentation across hundreds of library and academic identifiers (e.g., GND 118604155, VIAF 39426944).

## Body

### Early Life and Education
Philipp Otto Runge was born on July 23, 1777, and died on December 2, 1810. He was a member of the human species, specifically the unique extant species of the genus Homo. His nationality was German, and he held citizenship in the entity identified as Q682318. His early education took place at the Gelehrtenschule des Johanneums, a grammar school in Hamburg, Germany, which was founded in 1529. He later became affiliated with the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts, an institution in Denmark established in 1754. His work period is recorded as starting on January 1, 1797, and ending on January 1, 1810, coinciding with his death.

### Artistic Career and Genres
Runge was a prolific creator who worked across multiple artistic disciplines. He is classified as a painter, an artist who practices painting, and a draftsperson, a person who makes drawings. He also worked as a printmaker, creating prints from plates or blocks, and as a poet and writer, using written words to communicate ideas and produce literary works. His artistic output spanned several specific genres:
- **History Painting**: Defined by historical matter, including religious and mythological themes.
- **Portrait**: Artistic representations of one or more persons.
- **Landscape Painting**: Depictions of landscapes.
- **Still Life**: Art genres mostly showing inanimate objects.

### Major Works and Publications
One of his most significant creations is *The Hülsenbeck children*, a painting with inception dates recorded as 1805 and 1800. This work is a sitelink count of 5, indicating its recognition in knowledge bases. Runge also contributed to literature by illustrating fairy tales. He created artwork for *The Fisherman and His Wife* and *The Juniper Tree*, both of which are fairy tales by the Brothers Grimm. These illustrations helped visualize these classic stories for readers. Additionally, he produced self-portraits, including *Selbstbildnis mit braunem Kragen* (Self-portrait with brown collar) from approximately 1802 and *Selbstbildnis am Zeichentisch* (Self-portrait at the drawing table).

### Legacy and Recognition
Runge's impact is preserved through various forms of documentation and commemoration. The asteroid 11853 Runge was named after him, serving as a celestial tribute to his work. His grave in Hamburg is documented in the image *Hamburg Philipp-Otto Runge-Grab.jpg*. He is the subject of extensive academic and library records, including identifiers such as GND 118604155, VIAF 39426944, and numerous others across global databases. His aliases include Ph. Otto Runge, Otto Philipp Runge, Otto Runge, and Philip Otto Runge. He is listed in the Wikipedia article titled "Philipp Otto Runge" and has a Wikidata description of "German artist (1777-1810)."

### Institutional and Geographic Context
Runge's life and work were situated within specific historical and geographic contexts. He was associated with Swedish Pomerania, a region where Sweden held lands on the southern Baltic coast, including Pomerania and parts of Livonia and Prussia, from 1630 to 1815. His educational and professional affiliations linked him to institutions in both Germany (Hamburg) and Denmark (Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts). The Gelehrtenschule des Johanneums, where he was educated, is a historic grammar school in Hamburg, while the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts represents his connection to Danish art education.

### Data and Identifiers
The digital footprint of Philipp Otto Runge is vast, with over 42 sitelinks and numerous unique identifiers. These include:
- **P213**: 0000000121007760
- **P214**: 39426944
- **P227**: 118604155
- **P244**: n50022116
- **P245**: 500014391
- **P268**: 122138347
- **P269**: 030794846
- **P271**: DA0259631X
- **P373**: Philipp Otto Runge
- **P396**: CFIV014670
- **P409**: 35689499
- **P535**: 22040
- **P569**: +1777-07-23T00:00:00Z (Birth)
- **P570**: +1810-12-02T00:00:00Z (Death)
- **P646**: /m/059j_2
- **P648**: OL149872A
- **P650**: 68892
- **P691**: ola2003172394
- **P745**: 312
- **P906**: 247670
- **P935**: Philipp Otto Runge
- **P949**: 000114742
- **P950**: XX1102620
- **P1006**: 068816928
- **P1015**: 90055430
- **P1017**: ADV10137396
- **P1138**: 1788
- **P1207**: n00050775
- **P1296**: 0057362
- **P1315**: 1043752
- **P1368**: 000153657
- **P1375**: 000014309
- **P1417**: biography/Philipp-Otto-Runge
- **P1442**: Hamburg Philipp-Otto Runge-Grab.jpg
- **P1472**: Philipp Otto Runge
- **P1559**: Philipp Otto Runge‎‎
- **P1670**: 0052A7350
- **P1695**: a0000001921573
- **P1711**: 44506
- **P1871**: cnp01330821
- **P1882**: r/runge
- **P1953**: 2246357
- **P2042**: philipp-otto-runge
- **P2163**: 7225
- **P2252**: 5409
- **P2600**: 6000000020153732079
- **P2607**: fea7bdde-a33e-4d0c-9ad1-6c445027eee8
- **P2799**: 2414
- **P2843**: B00158009
- **P2949**: Runge-119
- **P3065**: A018435712, A010144005
- **P3219**: philipp-otto-runge
- **P3222**: philipp-otto-runge
- **P3348**: 123694, 123695
- **P3365**: philipp-otto-runge
- **P3421**: 1927
- **P3430**: w6kq5cpr
- **P3782**: philipp-otto-runge
- **P3791**: 4983
- **P3987**: 152720
- **P4025**: 6kLaZ79G8V
- **P4145**: 6397
- **P4223**: philipp-otto-runge
- **P4342**: Philipp_Otto_Runge
- **P4359**: philippottorunge
- **P4432**: 00138972
- **P4581**: runge-philipp-otto
- **P4927**: a3no0orazu
- **P5019**: runge-philipp-otto
- **P5489**: 29765
- **P5504**: people/71342
- **P5587**: 42gjmttn55fp1mx
- **P5597**: runge_philippe_otto
- **P5617**: philipp-otto-runge-34663
- **P6002**: philipp-otto-runge
- **P6295**: 22532
- **P6385**: kultura_i_obrazovanie/izobrazitelnoe_iskusstvo/RUNGE_FILIPP_OTTO.html
- **P6578**: 992C63C59B5A4424
- **P6844**: 59724
- **P7029**: 7749036
- **P7293**: 9810654452505606
- **P7305**: 3970052
- **P7444**: 98939
- **P7545**: 11127636
- **P7699**: LNB:V*111862;=BF
- **P7704**: agent/base/153287
- **P7848**: 991003571149707141
- **P7902**: 118604155
- **P7944**: 11698
- **P7982**: 53724
- **P8034**: 495/172985
- **P8179**: ncf10172027
- **P8189**: 987007267343405171
- **P8234**: 2415
- **P8313**: Philipp_Otto_Runge
- **P8317**: 28396
- **P8406**: T074492
- **P8713**: Philipp_Otto_Runge
- **P8750**: 51232, 321807
- **P8805**: 50000013844812
- **P9037**: 72fc2ced-31b7-4b8f-a446-1166b6b7e006
- **P9097**: 12461731
- **P9164**: 39778
- **P9171**: 133954
- **P9251**: 111225
- **P9918**: PE00001384
- **P9964**: 118604155
- **P10069**: 60598
- **P10297**: m059j_2
- **P10553**: 139303588
- **P10608**: agent/gnd_118604155
- **P10832**: E39PBJvxtWpFGDcYmQTmK7TmBP
- **P10882**: 97681
- **P11041**: runge-philipp-otto
- **P11239**: 0010000564
- **P11496**: 1140845216676658688
- **P11514**: runge-filipp-otto-ac9011
- **P12040**: person/104PR2
- **P12385**: philipp-otto-runge
- **P12386**: u3981
- **P12483**: 150575
- **P12582**: 20110803100433357
- **P12597**: 15737
- **P13049**: 118604155
- **P13591**: person/2cf22dc9-c1dc-4247-ac0e-1699aa298260
- **P13613**: 180606
- **P13951**: 459991
- **P14178**: ola2003172394
- **P14225**: 981005675458209366

These identifiers confirm his presence in global knowledge systems, linking him to various libraries, museums, and academic institutions. His work period is strictly defined between 1797 and 1810, marking a short but intense period of artistic production. The data confirms his status as a "German artist (1777-1810)" and highlights his role as a "human" and "instance of Q5" (human). His contributions to the fields of painting, poetry, and writing are well-documented, with specific works like *The Hülsenbeck children* serving as key anchors for his legacy.

## References

1. Integrated Authority File
2. Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1969–1978)
3. Union List of Artist Names
4. RKDartists
5. The Fine Art Archive
6. Encyclopædia Britannica Online
7. International Standard Name Identifier
8. Open Library
9. CiNii Research
10. Virtual International Authority File
11. [Source](https://kalliope-verbund.info/DE-611-BF-89149)
12. Philipp Otto Runge. RKDartists
13. Kunstindeks Danmark
14. SNAC
15. Find a Grave
16. Benezit Dictionary of Artists
17. Discogs
18. Brockhaus Enzyklopädie
19. BnF authorities
20. Runge, Philipp Otto
21. Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana
22. Croatian Encyclopedia
23. Freebase Data Dumps. 2013
24. IdRef
25. LIBRIS. 2012
26. Bibliography of the History of the Czech Lands