# Performance comparison of thermal management systems for electric vehicles using single- and dual-loop indirect heat pumps with propane

> Research article (Energy Conversion and Management, 2025) · cited 12× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W4406749796](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W4406749796)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/performance-comparison-of-thermal-management-systems-for-electric-vehicles-using-single-and-dual-loop-indirect-heat-pump