# Paul Nurse

> Nobel prize winning British biochemist

**Wikidata**: [Q219716](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219716)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Nurse)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/paul-nurse

## Summary
Paul Nurse is a Nobel prize-winning British biochemist and geneticist recognized for fundamental discoveries that opened new areas of biomedical science. He has served in leadership roles at prominent research institutions, including as a director at the Francis Crick Institute, and is a member of numerous prestigious scientific academies worldwide.

## Biography
- **Born:** January 25, 1949
- **Nationality:** United Kingdom
- **Education:** Educated at institutions identified by Q223429, Q1045828, and Q5666542
- **Known for:** Fundamental discoveries in biomedical science and contributions to the fields of genetics and biochemistry
- **Employer(s):** Francis Crick Institute, The Rockefeller University, University of Oxford, University of Edinburgh, Royal Society, University of Birmingham, University of East Anglia
- **Field(s):** Biochemistry, genetics, chemistry, research

## Contributions
Paul Nurse's primary contribution to science is a fundamental discovery that opened up a new area of biomedical science, for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine and the Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research. In terms of institutional leadership, he has served as a director and manager at the Francis Crick Institute, a major biomedical research centre in London. He has also held affiliations with The Rockefeller University and several UK universities, contributing to the research and academic communities through his roles at these institutions.

## FAQs
**What awards has Paul Nurse received?**
Paul Nurse has received numerous prestigious awards, including the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, the Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research, the Copley Medal, the Royal Medal, the Canada Gairdner International Award, and the Albert Einstein World Award of Science. He has also been honored as a Knight Bachelor and a Knight of the Legion of Honour.

**Where has Paul Nurse worked?**
He has been affiliated with the Francis Crick Institute (where he serves as a director/manager), The Rockefeller University, the University of Oxford, the University of Edinburgh, the University of Birmingham, and the University of East Anglia. He is also associated with the Royal Society.

**What are Paul Nurse's main fields of study?**
Paul Nurse works as a biochemist, geneticist, chemist, and researcher. His field of work is specifically identified as genetics, the science of genes, heredity, and variation in living organisms.

**Is Paul Nurse a member of any scientific academies?**
Yes, he is a member of the Royal Society, the National Academy of Sciences, the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the European Molecular Biology Organization, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Academia Europaea, and the Royal Irish Academy.

**What honors has Paul Nurse received from the UK and France?**
In the United Kingdom, he has been appointed a Knight Bachelor and received the Order of Merit. In France, he has been recognized as a Knight of the Legion of Honour.

## Why They Matter
Paul Nurse matters because his fundamental discoveries opened a new area of biomedical science, a contribution significant enough to earn him the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. His leadership roles, particularly as a director at the Francis Crick Institute, position him at the forefront of biomedical research, influencing the direction of medical science in the UK and globally. His membership in the world's most distinguished scientific academies, including the Royal Society and the National Academy of Sciences, underscores his impact on the scientific community. His work bridges the gap between basic genetic research and its application in understanding human health and disease.

## Notable For
- **Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine:** Awarded for fundamental discoveries in the field.
- **Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research:** Recognized for a discovery opening a new area of biomedical science.
- **Leadership at the Francis Crick Institute:** Serves as Director/Manager of the UK's flagship biomedical research centre.
- **Copley Medal and Royal Medal:** Recipient of these high honors from the Royal Society.
- **Knighthood and Honors:** Appointed Knight Bachelor and Knight of the Legion of Honour; recipient of the Order of Merit.
- **Global Academy Memberships:** Member of the Royal Society, National Academy of Sciences (USA), Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Academia Europaea, among others.
- **Other Major Prizes:** Canada Gairdner International Award, Alfred P. Sloan, Jr. Prize, Louis-Jeantet Prize for Medicine, and the Albert Einstein World Award of Science.

## Body

### Identity and Background
Paul Nurse, also known as Paul M. Nurse, Sir Paul Maxime Nurse, and Paul Maxime Nurse, is a British biochemist, geneticist, chemist, and researcher. He was born on January 25, 1949, and holds citizenship in the United Kingdom. His professional identity is defined by his contributions to the field of genetics, the scientific study of genes, heredity, and variation in living organisms.

### Education and Academic Affiliations
Nurse's educational background includes attendance at institutions identified by the codes Q223429, Q1045828, and Q5666542. Throughout his career, he has maintained affiliations with several prestigious universities and research institutions. These include the University of Oxford, the University of Edinburgh, the University of Birmingham, and the University of East Anglia. Internationally, he has been affiliated with The Rockefeller University, a research institute in New York City founded in 1901.

### Institutional Leadership
A significant aspect of Nurse's career involves his leadership roles within major research organizations. He is listed as a Director and Manager at the Francis Crick Institute, a biomedical research centre and charitable research institute based in London. The Francis Crick Institute is a large-scale operation, employing over 1,400 people as of recent reports, and is sponsored by major entities such as the Wellcome Trust, University College London, Imperial College London, Cancer Research UK, King’s College London, and the UK Medical Research Council. Nurse's association with the Royal Society, an English learned society for science established in 1660, further highlights his standing in the scientific community.

### Awards and Honors
Paul Nurse has received an extensive array of awards recognizing his contributions to science:
*   **Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine:** One of five Nobel Prizes established in 1895 by Alfred Nobel.
*   **Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research:** An American award for a fundamental discovery that opens up a new area of biomedical science.
*   **Copley Medal:** An award given by the Royal Society of London.
*   **Royal Medal:** A silver-gilt medal awarded by the Royal Society.
*   **Albert Einstein World Award of Science:** Recognition for scientific and technological research and development.
*   **Marjory Stephenson Prize:** The principal prize of the Microbiology Society.
*   **Canada Gairdner International Award:** A significant award in medical research.
*   **Alfred P. Sloan, Jr. Prize:** An oncology award.
*   **Dr H.P. Heineken Prize for Biochemistry and Biophysics.**
*   **Rosenstiel Award:** An award in medical research from Brandeis University.
*   **Feldberg Foundation Prize:** Awarded for Anglo-German scientific exchange.
*   **Knight Bachelor:** A title granted by the British monarch.
*   **Knight of the Legion of Honour:** The first rank of the French Legion of Honour.
*   **Honorary doctorate of Salzburg University.**
*   **Portland Press Excellence in Science Award:** An award of the Biochemical Society.
*   **Baly Medal.**
*   **Harveian Oration:** A yearly lecture held at the Royal College of Physicians of London.
*   **Louis-Jeantet Prize for Medicine:** A Swiss medicine award.
*   **Order of Merit:** A dynastic order recognising distinguished service in Commonwealth realms.
*   **Dr. Josef Steiner Cancer Research Award:** A Swiss cancer research award.
*   **Honorary doctorate.**

### Professional Memberships
Nurse is a member of numerous learned societies and academies globally, reflecting his broad influence in the scientific community:
*   **Royal Society:** The English learned society for science.
*   **National Academy of Sciences:** The science branch of the United States National Academies.
*   **Hungarian Academy of Sciences:** The learned society of Hungary.
*   **American Academy of Arts and Sciences:** A United States honorary society and policy research center.
*   **European Molecular Biology Organization:** An organization of researchers in the life science.
*   **Chinese Academy of Sciences:** The national academy for natural sciences of China.
*   **Academia Europaea:** A pan-European academy.
*   **Royal Irish Academy:** An academy of sciences.

### Fields of Work
Paul Nurse's work is centered on genetics, a branch of biology that explores how genetic information is passed down through generations and how it influences traits and characteristics. This field is foundational to understanding inheritance patterns, genetic disorders, and evolutionary processes. His occupations as a biochemist, geneticist, chemist, and researcher place him at the intersection of these disciplines, contributing to the broader understanding of life sciences.

## References

1. Czech National Authority Database
2. [Francis Crick Institute](https://www.crick.ac.uk/research/find-a-researcher/paul-nurse)
3. [ORCID Public Data File 2023](https://pub.orcid.org/v3.0/0000-0002-9244-7787/employment/14148612)
4. [ORCID Public Data File 2023](https://pub.orcid.org/v3.0/0000-0002-9244-7787/employment/14148626)
5. [1998 Winners. Lasker Foundation](http://www.laskerfoundation.org/awards/1998basic.htm)
6. [The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2001. nobelprize.org](https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2001/summary/)
7. [Table showing prize amounts. Nobel Foundation. 2019](https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2019/04/prize-amounts-2020.pdf)
8. [Award winners : Copley Medal. Royal Society](https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1dsunM9ukGLgaW3HdG9cvJ_QKd7pWjGI0qi_fCb1ROD4/pubhtml?gid=1336391689&single=true)
9. [Prof. Sir Paul Nurse. World Cultural Council. 2013](http://www.consejoculturalmundial.org/winners/winners-of-the-world-award-of-science/winner-of-the-world-award-of-science-2013/)
10. [Marjory Stephenson Prize Winners](https://microbiologysociety.org/grants-prizes/all-prizes-and-competitions/prize-lectures/marjory-stephenson-prize-lecture/marjory-stephenson-prize-winners.html)
11. [Gairdner Awards Laureates - Gairdner Foundation](https://www.gairdner.org/winners)
12. [Find people in the EMBO Communities](https://people.embo.org/profile/paul-nurse)
13. [GM Cancer Previous Prize Winners](http://www.gm.com/company/gmability/philanthropy/cancer_research/prize.htm)
14. [Source](https://www.heinekenprizes.org/portfolio-items/sir-paul-m-nurse/?portfolioCats=12%2C13%2C14%2C15%2C16%2C17)
15. [Brandeis University](https://www.brandeis.edu/rosenstiel/rosenstiel-award/past.html)
16. [Prizewinners | Feldberg Foundation](https://feldbergfoundation.org/prizewinners/)
17. [Queen's Birthday Honours: The Full List. 1999](https://www.independent.co.uk/news/queens-birthday-honours-the-full-list-1099582.html)
18. [Ehrendoktorate für Sir Paul Nurse und Universitätsprofessor Peter M. Gruber. University of Salzburg. 2010](https://uni-salzburg.at/index.php?id=52541&L=0&MP=98-61121&newsid=4225&f=519)
19. [Louis-Jeantet Foundation](https://www.jeantet.ch/en/prix-louis-jeantet/laureats/1992-en/professeur-paul-nurse/)
20. The London Gazette 63571
21. [American Association for the Advancement of Science](https://www.aaas.org/news/aaas-honors-accomplished-scientists-2018-elected-fellows)
22. [Source](https://www5.open.ac.uk/students/ceremonies/sites/www.open.ac.uk.students.ceremonies/files/files/Honorary%20graduate%20cumulative%20list(7).xlsx)
23. International Standard Name Identifier
24. Virtual International Authority File
25. CiNii Research
26. [Fellow Detail Page | Royal Society](https://royalsociety.org/people/paul-nurse-12012/)
27. NNDB
28. [Paul Maxime Nurse | American Academy of Arts and Sciences](https://www.amacad.org/person/paul-maxime-nurse)
29. www.ae-info.org
30. [Sir Paul Maxime Nurse](https://www.ria.ie/members/sir-paul-maxime-nurse/)
31. Encyclopædia Britannica Online
32. Brockhaus Enzyklopädie
33. Munzinger Personen
34. Freebase Data Dumps. 2013
35. CONOR.SI
36. BBC Things
37. LIBRIS. 2004
38. Golden