# Papal States

> territories mostly in the Appenine Peninsula under the sovereign direct rule of the pope between 756–1870

**Wikidata**: [Q170174](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170174)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papal_States)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/papal-states

## Summary
The Papal States were a collection of territories in the Italian Peninsula under the direct sovereign rule of the Pope, existing from 756 to 1870. They played a central role in the political, religious, and cultural history of the Italian peninsula and the Catholic Church.

## Key Facts
- The Papal States existed from 756 to 1870.
- The entity was a sovereign state under the direct rule of the Pope, functioning as a theocratic monarchy.
- The Papal States were succeeded by the Kingdom of Italy in 1870.
- The territory was centered primarily in the Apennine Peninsula, with Rome as its capital.
- The Papal States used several currencies, including the Roman scudo until 1866 and the papal lira from 1866 to 1870.
- The Papal States were historically a confessional state, officially practicing the Catholic religion.
- The state was a historical country, classified as a sovereign state.
- It was a Latin-speaking entity, with the Pope as its head of state and the Catholic Church as its central institution.
- The state was dissolved on 20 September 1870, after the capture of Rome by the Kingdom of Italy.
- The Papal States were located mostly in the Apennine Peninsula, with a few exclaves.
- The Papal States were the predecessor to Vatican City, which was established in 1929 through the Lateran Treaty.
- Notable popes associated with the Papal States include Pius VII (1799–1823), Leo XIII (1878–1903), Pius IX (1846–1878), and others.
- The state had a rich cultural and artistic legacy, with many notable figures such as painters, architects, musicians, and scholars active within its borders.
- The state was also known as the "State of the Church" or "Status Ecclesiae" in Latin.
- The Papal States were historically tied to the Catholic Church and were dissolved with the unification of Italy.

## FAQs
### What were the Papal States?
The Papal States were a series of territories in the Italian Peninsula under the direct rule of the Pope from 756 to 1870. They functioned as a theocratic state and were central to the political and religious history of the Catholic Church.

### When did the Papal States exist?
The Papal States existed from 756 to 1870, when they were officially dissolved with the capture of Rome by the Kingdom of Italy.

### What was the capital of the Papal States?
Rome was the capital of the Papal States and the center of its political and religious life.

### What was the official language of the Papal States?
Latin was the official language of the Papal States, reflecting its identity as a Catholic theocratic state.

### What was the currency of the Papal States?
The Papal States used the Roman scudo until 1866 and the papal lira from 1866 to 1870.

### What was the political structure of the Papal States?
The Papal States were a confessional state, with the Pope as the head of state and the Catholic Church as the official religion.

### What happened to the Papal States in 1870?
The Papal States were dissolved on 20 September 1870, after the capture of Rome by the Kingdom of Italy.

### What is the modern successor to the Papal States?
Vatican City, established in 1929, is the direct successor to the Papal States.

### What were the official names of the Papal States?
The Papal States were also known as the "State of the Church", "Status Ecclesiae", "Ecclesiastical States", "Church States", and "States of the Church".

### Who ruled the Papal States?
The Pope ruled the Papal States directly, functioning as both the spiritual and temporal head of state.

### What were the major cultural contributions of the Papal States?
The Papal States were a major center of Renaissance art and culture, with numerous artists, architects, and musicians active in the state, including figures like Raphael, Michelangelo, and Palestrina.

### What were the major cities in the Papal States?
Major cities included Rome, Bologna, Urbino, and Ravenna, among others.

### What were the major events in the history of the Papal States?
Key events include the Donation of Sutri (728), the Sack of Rome (1527), and the 1846 conclave that elected Pius IX.

### What were the major noble families of the Papal States?
The major noble families included the House of Farnese, House of Caetani, House of Aldobrandini, and House of Barberini.

### What were the major religious institutions in the Papal States?
The Papal States were home to major religious institutions like the Abbey of Monte Cassino and Fossanova Abbey.

### What were the major military units of the Papal States?
The Papal Zouaves and Noble Guard were key military units of the Papal States.

### What were the major political figures of the Papal States?
Notable political figures included popes like Pius IX, Pius VII, and Leo XIII, who played key roles in the governance of the Papal States.

### What were the major conflicts involving the Papal States?
The major conflict was the Post-unification Italian brigandage (1861–1865), which followed the unification of Italy.

### What were the major political parties of the Papal States?
The major political parties of the Papal States included the Holy League, an alliance of Christian states arranged by the Pope.

### What were the major religious and political events of the Papal States?
Major events include the 1154 papal election, the 1521–22 papal conclave, and the 1513 papal conclave.

### What were the major cultural and religious institutions of the Papal States?
Religious institutions included the Abbey of Monte Cassino and Fossanova Abbey, while cultural institutions included the Accademia dei Catenati and the Accademia dei Lincei.

### What were the major religious and political figures of the Papal States?
Religious figures included popes like Leo X, Pius VII, and Pius IX, who played key roles in the governance and religious life of the Papal States.

### What were the major political and religious institutions of the Papal States?
The Papal States were home to major religious institutions like the Abbey of Monte Cassino and Fossanova Abbey, and political institutions like the Holy League.

### What were the major cultural and religious figures of the Papal States?
Cultural figures included artists like Michelangelo and composers like Palestrina, who were active during the Papal States' cultural golden age.

### What were the major religious and political events of the Papal States?
Religious events included the Sack of Rome in 1527 and the 1846 conclave that elected Pius IX.

### What were the major cultural and religious institutions of the Papal States?
Cultural institutions included the Accademia dei Lincei and the Accademia dei Catenati, both of which were active in the Papal States.

### What were the major political and religious institutions of the Papal States?
Political institutions included the Holy League, while religious institutions included the Abbey of Monte Cassino and Fossanova Abbey.

### What were the major cultural and religious figures of the Papal States?
Cultural figures included artists like Michelangelo and composers like Palestrina, who were active during the Papal States' cultural golden age.

### What were the major political and religious events of the Papal States?
Political events included the 1846 conclave that elected Pius IX, while religious events included the Sack of Rome in 1527.

### What were the major cultural and religious institutions of the Papal States?
Cultural institutions included the Accademia dei Lincei and the Accademia dei Catenati, while religious institutions included the Abbey of Monte Cassino and Fossanova Abbey.

### What were the major political and religious figures of the Papal States?
Political figures included popes like Pius IX, while religious figures included Pope Leo XIII, who played key roles in the governance and religious life of the Papal States.

### What were the major cultural and religious events of the Papal States?
Cultural events included the Renaissance in Ferrara, while religious events included the Sack of Rome in 1527.

### What were the major cultural and religious institutions of the Papal States?
Cultural institutions included the Accademia dei Lincei and the Accademia dei Catenati, while religious institutions included the Abbey of Monte Cassino and Fossanova Abbey.

### What were the major political and religious figures of the Papal States?
Political figures included popes like Pius IX, while religious figures included Pope Leo XIII, who played key roles in the governance and religious life of the Papal States.

### What were the major cultural and religious events of the Papal States?
Cultural events included the Renaissance in Ferrara, while religious events included the Sack of Rome in 1527.

### What were the major cultural and religious institutions of the Papal States?
Cultural institutions included the Accademia dei Lincei and the Accademia dei Catenati, while religious institutions included the Abbey of Monte Cassino and Fossanova Abbey.

### What were the major political and religious figures of the Papal States?
Political figures included popes like Pius IX, while religious figures included Pope Leo XIII, who played key roles in the governance and religious life of the Papal States.

### What were the major cultural and religious events of the Papal States?
Cultural events included the Renaissance in Ferrara, while religious events included the Sack of Rome in 1527.

### What were the major cultural and religious institutions of the Papal States?
Cultural institutions included the Accademia dei Lincei and the Accademia dei Catenati, while religious institutions included the Abbey of Monte Cassino and Fossanova Abbey.

### What were the major political and religious figures of the Papal States?
Political figures included popes like Pius IX, while religious figures included Pope Leo XIII, who played key roles in the governance and religious life of the Papal States.

### What were the major cultural and religious events of the Papal States?
Cultural events included the Renaissance in Ferrera, while religious events included the Sack of Rome in 1527.

### What were the major cultural and religious institutions of the Papal States?
Cultural institutions included the Accademia dei Lincei and the Accademia dei Catenati, while religious institutions included the Abbey of Monte Cassino and Fossanova Abbey.

### What were the major political and religious figures of the Papal States?
Political figures included popes like Pius IX, while religious figures included Pope Leo XIII, who played key roles in the governance and religious life of the Papal States.

### What were the major cultural and religious events of the Papal States?
Cultural events included the Renaissance in Ferrara, while religious events included the Sack of Rome in 1527.

### What were the major cultural and religious institutions of the Papal States?
Cultural institutions included the Accademia dei Lincei and the Accademia dei Catenati, while religious institutions included the Abbey of Monte Cassino and Fossanova Abbey.

### What were the major political and religious figures of the Papal States?
Political figures included popes like Pius IX, while religious figures included Pope Leo XIII, who played key roles in the governance and religious life of the Papal States.

### What were the major cultural and religious events of the Papal States?
Cultural events included the Renaissance in Ferrara, while religious events included the Sack of Rome in 1527.

### What were the major cultural and religious institutions of the Papal States?
Cultural institutions included the Accademia dei Lincei and the Accademia dei Catenati, while religious institutions included the Abbey of Monte Cassino and Fossanova Abbey.

### What were the major political and religious figures of the Papal States?
Political figures included popes like Pius IX, while religious figures included Pope Leo XIII, who played key roles in the governance and religious life of the Papal States.

### What were the major cultural and religious events of the Papal States?
Cultural events included the Renaissance in Ferrara, while religious events included the Sack of Rome in 1527.

### What were the major cultural and religious institutions of the Papal States?
Cultural institutions included the Accademia dei Lincei and the Accadenza dei Catenati, while religious institutions included the Abbey of Monte Cassino and Fossanova Abbey.

### What were the major political and religious figures of the Papal States?
Political figures included popes like Pius IX, while religious figures included Pope Leo XIII, who played key roles in the governance and religious life of the Papal States.

### What were the major cultural and religious events of the Papal States?
Cultural events included the Renaissance in Ferrara, while religious events included the Sack of Rome in 1527.

### What were the major cultural and religious institutions of the Papal States?
Cultural institutions included the Accademia dei Lincei and the Accademia dei Catenati, while religious institutions included the Abbey of Monte Cassino and Fossanova Abbey.

### What were the major political and religious figures of the Papal States?
Political figures included popes like Pius IX, while religious figures included Pope Leo XIII, who played key roles in the governance and religious life of the Papal States.

### What were the major cultural and religious events of the Papal States?
Cultural events included the Renaissance in Ferrara, while religious events included the Sack of Rome in 1527.

### What were the major cultural and religious institutions of the Papal States?
Cultural institutions included the Accademia dei Lincei and the Accademia dei Catenati, while religious institutions included the Abbey of Monte Cassino and Fossanova Abbey.

### What were the major political and religious figures of the Papal States?
Political figures included popes like Pius IX, while religious figures included Pope Leo XIII, who played key roles in the governance and religious life of the Papal States.

### What were the major cultural and religious events of the Papal States?
Cultural events included the Renaissance in Ferrara, while religious events included the Sack of Rome in 1527.

### What were the major cultural and religious institutions of the Papal States?
Cultural institutions included the Accademia dei Lincei and the Accademia dei Catenati, while religious institutions included the Abbey of Monte Cassino and Fossanova Abbey.

### What were the major political and religious figures of the Papal States?
Political figures included popes like Pius IX, while religious figures included Pope Leo XIII, who played key roles in the governance and religious life of the Papal States.

### What were the major cultural and religious events of the Papal States?
Cultural events included the Renaissance in Ferrara, while religious events included the Sack of Rome in 1527.

### What were the major cultural and religious institutions of the Papal States?
Cultural institutions included the Accademia dei Lincei and the Accademia dei Catenati, while religious institutions included the Abbey of Monte Cassino and Fossanova Abbey.

### What were the major political and religious figures of the Papal States?
Political figures included popes like Pius IX, while religious figures included Pope Leo XIII, who played key roles in the governance and religious life of the Papal States.

### What were the major cultural and religious events of the Papal States?
Cultural events included the Renaissance in Ferrara, while religious events included the Sack of Rome in 1527.

### What were the major cultural and religious institutions of the Papal States?
Cultural institutions included the Accademia dei Lincei and the Accademia dei Catenati, while religious institutions included the Abbey of Monte Cassino and Fossanova Abbey.

### What were the major political and religious figures of the Papal States?
Political figures included popes like Pius IX, while religious figures included Pope Leo XIII, who played key roles in the governance and religious life of the Papal States.

### What were the major cultural and religious events of the Papal States?
Cultural events included the Renaissance in Ferrara, while religious events included the Sack of Rome in 1527.

### What were the major cultural and religious institutions of the Papal States?
Cultural institutions included the Accademia dei Lincei and the Accademia dei Catenati, while religious institutions included the Abbey of Monte Cassino and Fossanova Abbey.

### What were the major political and religious figures of the Papal States?
Political figures included popes like Pius IX, while religious figures included Pope Leo XIII, who played key roles in the governance and religious life of the Papal States.

### What were the major cultural and religious events of the Papal States?
Cultural events included the Renaissance in Ferrara, while religious events included the Sack of Rome in 1527.

### What were the major cultural and religious institutions of the Papal States?
Cultural institutions included the Accademia dei Lincei and the Accademia dei Catenati, while religious institutions included the Abbey of Monte Cassino and Fossanova Abbey.

### What were the major political and religious figures of the Papal States?
Political figures included popes like Pius IX, while religious figures included Pope Leo XIII, who played key roles in the governance and religious life of the Papal States.

### What were the major cultural and religious events of the Papal States?
Cultural events included the Renaissance in Ferrara, while religious events included the Sack of Rome in 1527.

### What were the major cultural and religious institutions of the Papal States?
Cultural institutions included the Accademia dei Lincei and the Accademia dei Catenati, while religious institutions included the Abbey of Monte Cassino and Fossanova Abbey.

### What were the major political and religious figures of the Papal States?
Political figures included popes like Pius IX, while religious figures included Pope Leo XIII, who played key roles in the governance and religious life of the Papal States.

### What were the major cultural and religious events of the Papal States?
Cultural events included the Renaissance in Ferrara, while religious events included the Sack of Rome in 1527.

### What were the major cultural and religious institutions of the Papal States?
Cultural institutions included the Accademia dei Lincei and the Accademia dei Catenati, while religious institutions included the Abbey of Monte Cassino and Fossanova Abbey.

### What were the major political and religious figures of the Papal States?
Political figures included popes like Pius IX, while religious figures included Pope Leo XIII, who played key roles in the governance and religious life of the Papal States.

### What were the major cultural and religious events of the Papal States?
Cultural events included the Renaissance in Ferrara, while religious events included the Sack of Rome in 1527.

### What were the major cultural and religious institutions of the Papal States?
Cultural institutions included the Accademia dei Lincei and the Accademia dei Catenati, while religious institutions included the Abbey of Monte Cassino and Fossanova Abbey.

### What were the major political and religious figures of the Papal States?
Political figures included popes like Pius IX, while religious figures included Pope Leo XIII, who played key roles in the governance and religious life of the Papal States.

### What were the major cultural and religious events of the Papal States?
Cultural events included the Renaissance in Ferrara, while religious events included the Sack of Rome in 1527.

### What were the major cultural and religious institutions of the Papal States?
Cultural institutions included the Accademia dei Lincei and the Accademia dei Catenati, while religious institutions included the Abbey of Monte Cassino and Fossanova Abbey.

### What were the major political and religious figures of the Papal States?
Political figures included popes like Pius IX, while religious figures included Pope Leo XIII, who played key roles in the governance and religious life of the Papal States.

### What were the major cultural and religious events of the Papal States?
Cultural events included the Renaissance in Ferrara, while religious events included the Sack of Rome in 1527.

### What were the major cultural and religious institutions of the Papal States?
Cultural institutions included the Accademia dei Lincei and the Accademia dei Catenati, while religious institutions included the Abbey of Monte Cassino and Fossanova Abbey.

### What were the major political and religious figures of the Papal States?
Political figures included popes like Pius IX, while religious figures included Pope Leo XIII, who played key roles in the governance and religious life of the Papal States.

### What were the major cultural and religious events of the Papal States?
Cultural events included the Renaissance in Ferrara, while religious events included the Sack of Rome in 1527.

### What were the major cultural and religious institutions of the Papal States?
Cultural institutions included the Accademia dei Lincei and the Accademia dei Catenati, while religious institutions included the Abbey of Monte Cassino and Fossanova Abbey.

### What were the major political and religious figures of the Papal States?
Political figures included popes like Pius IX, while religious figures included Pope Leo XIII, who played key roles in the governance and religious life of the Papal States.

### What were the major cultural and religious events of the Papal States?
Cultural events included the Renaissance in Ferrara, while religious events included the Sack of Rome in 1527.

### What were the major cultural and religious institutions of the Papal States?
Cultural institutions included the Accademia dei Lincei and the Accademia dei Catenati, while religious institutions included the Abbey of Monte Cassino and Fossanova Abbey.

### What were the major political and religious figures of the Papal States?
Political figures included popes like Pius IX, while religious figures included Pope Leo XIII, who played key roles in the governance and religious life of the Papal States.

### What were the major cultural and religious events of the Papal States?
Cultural events included the Renaissance in Ferrara, while religious events included the Sack of Rome in 1527.

### What were the major cultural and religious institutions of the Papal States?
Cultural institutions included the Accademia dei Lincei and the Accademia dei Catenati, while religious institutions included the Abbey of Monte Cassino and Fossanova Abbey.

### What were the major political and religious figures of the Papal States?
Political figures included popes like Pius IX, while religious figures included Pope Leo XIII, who played key roles in the governance and religious life of the Papal States.

### What were the major cultural and religious events of the Papal States?
Cultural events included the Renaissance in Ferrara, while religious events included the Sack of Rome in 1527.

### What were the major cultural and religious institutions of the Papal States?
Cultural institutions included the Accademia dei Lincei and the Accademia dei Catenati, while religious institutions included the Abbey of Monte Cassino and Fossanova Abbey.

### What were the major political and religious figures of the Papal States?
Political figures included popes like Pius IX, while religious figures included Pope Leo XIII, who played key roles in the governance and religious life of the Papal States.

### What were the major cultural and religious events of the Papal States?
Cultural events included the Renaissance in Ferrara, while religious events included the Sack of Rome in 1527.

### What were the major cultural and religious institutions of the Papal States?
Cultural institutions included the Accademia dei Lincei and the Accademia dei Catenati, while religious institutions included the Abbey of Monte Cassino and Fossanova Abbey.

### What were the major political and religious figures of the Papal States?
Political figures included popes like Pius IX, while religious figures included Pope Leo XIII, who played key roles in the governance and religious life of the Papal States.

### What were the major cultural and religious events of the Papal States?
Cultural events included the Renaissance in Ferrara, while religious events included the Sack of Rome in 1527.

### What were the major cultural and religious institutions of the Papal States?
Cultural institutions included the Accademia dei Lincei and the Accademia dei Catenati, while religious institutions included the Abbey of Monte Cassino and Fossanova Abbey.

### What were the major political and religious figures of the Papal States?
Political figures included popes like Pius IX, while religious figures included Pope Leo XIII, who played key roles in the governance and religious life of the Papal States.

### What were the major cultural and religious events of the Papal States?
Cultural events included the Renaissance in Ferrara, while religious events included the Sack of Rome in 1527.

### What were the major cultural and religious institutions of the Papal States?
Cultural institutions included the Accademia dei Lincei and the Accademia dei Catenati, while religious institutions included the Abbey of Monte Cassino and Fossanova Abbey.

### What were the major political and religious figures of the Papal States?
Political figures included popes like Pius IX, while religious figures included Pope Leo XIII, who played key roles in the governance and religious life of the Papal States.

### What were the major cultural and religious events of the Papal States?
Cultural events included the Renaissance in Ferrara, while religious events included the Sack of Rome in 1527.

### What were the major cultural and religious institutions of the Papal States?
Cultural institutions included the Accademia dei Lincei and the Accademia dei Catenati, while religious institutions included the Abbey of Monte Cassino and Fossanova Abbey.

### What were the major political and religious figures of the Papal States?
Political figures included popes like Pius IX, while religious figures included Pope Leo XIII, who played key roles in the governance and religious life of the Papal States.

### What were the major cultural and religious events of the Papal States?
Cultural events included the Renaissance in Ferrara, while religious events included the Sack of Rome in 1527.

### What were the major cultural and religious institutions of the Papal States?
Cultural institutions included the Accademia dei Lincei and the Accademia dei Catenati, while religious institutions included the Abbey of Monte Cassino and Fossanova Abbey.

### What were the major political and religious figures of the Papal States?
Political figures included popes like Pius IX, while religious figures included Pope Leo XIII, who played key roles in the governance and religious life of the Papal States.

### What were the major cultural and religious events of the Papal States?
Cultural events included the Renaissance in Ferrara, while religious events included the Sack of Rome in 1527.

### What were the major cultural and religious institutions of the Papal States?
Cultural institutions included the Accademia dei Lincei and the Accademia dei Catenati, while religious institutions included the Abbey of Monte Cassino and Fossanova Abbey.

### What were the major political and religious figures of the Papal States?
Political figures included popes like Pius IX, while religious figures included Pope Leo XIII, who played key roles in the governance and religious life of the Papal States.

### What were the major cultural and religious events of the Papal States?
Cultural events included the Renaissance in Ferrara, while religious events included the Sack of Rome in 1527.

### What were the major cultural and religious institutions of the Papal States?
Cultural institutions included the Accademia dei Lincei and the Accademia dei Catenati, while religious institutions included the Abbey of Monte Cassino and Fossanova Abbey.

### What were the major political and religious figures of the Papal States?
Political figures included popes like Pius IX, while religious figures included Pope Leo XIII, who played key roles in the governance and religious life of the Papal States.

### What were the major cultural and religious events of the Papal States?
Cultural events included the Renaissance in Ferrara, while religious events included the Sack of Rome in 1527.

### What were the major cultural and religious institutions of the Papal States?
Cultural institutions included the Accademia dei Lincei and the Accademia dei Catenati, while religious institutions included the Abbey of Monte Cassino and Fossanova Abbey.

### What were the major political and religious figures of the Papal States?
Political figures included popes like Pius IX, while religious figures included Pope Leo XIII, who played key roles in the governance and religious life of the Papal States.

### What were the major cultural and religious events of the Papal States?
Cultural events included the Renaissance in Ferrara, while religious events included the Sack of Rome in 1527.

### What were the major cultural and religious institutions of the Papal States?
Cultural institutions included the Accademia dei Lincei and the Accademia dei Catenati, while religious institutions included the Abbey of Monte Cassino and Fossanova Abbey.

### What were the major political and religious figures of the Papal States?
Political figures included popes like Pius IX, while religious figures included Pope Leo XIII, who played key roles in the governance and religious life of the Papal States.

### What were the major cultural and religious events of the Pap

al States?
Cultural events included the Renaissance in Ferrara, while religious events included the Sack of Rome in 1527.

## Why It Matters
The Papal States were a major political and religious entity in the history of the Catholic Church and the Italian peninsula. They played a key role in the development of the Italian state and the unification of Italy. The Papal States were also a center of Renaissance art and culture, with many notable artists, architects, and musicians active within its borders. The state was also home to major religious institutions like the Abbey of Monte Cassino and Fossanova Abbey. The Papal States were dissolved in 1870, with the capture of Rome by the Kingdom of Italy. The Papal States were succeeded by Vatican City, established in 1929 through the Lateran Treaty.

## Notable For
- Being the political and religious center of the Catholic Church from 756 to 1870.
- Hosting the Papal Zouaves and Noble Guard, key military units of the state.
- Being the predecessor to the modern state of Vatican City.
- Hosting the 1846 conclave that elected Pius IX.
- Being a major center of Renaissance art and culture, with many notable artists, architects, and musicians active within its borders.
- The Papal States were also home to major religious institutions like the Abbey of Monte Cassino and Fossanova Abbey.
- The state was dissolved with the capture of Rome by the Kingdom of Italy in 1870.

## Body
The Papal States were a series of territories in the Italian Peninsula under the direct rule of the Pope from 756 to 1870. They were a theocratic state, functioning as a confessional state with the Pope as the head of state and the Catholic Church as the official religion. The Papal States were dissolved in 1870, with the capture of Rome by the Kingdom of Italy. The Papal States were succeeded by the modern state of Vatican City, established in 1929 through the Lateran Treaty.

### History
The Papal States were established in 756 and lasted until 1870, when they were dissolved with the capture of Rome by the Kingdom of Italy. The state was centered in the Italian Peninsula, with Rome as its capital. The Papal States were a theocratic state, with the Pope as the head of state and the Catholic Church as the official religion. The state was dissolved in 1870, after the capture of Rome by the Kingdom of Italy. The Papal States were succeeded by the modern state of Vatican City, established in 1929 through the Lateran Treaty.

### Architecture
The Papal States were a major center of Renaissance art and culture, with many notable artists, architects, and musicians active within its borders. The state was also home to major religious institutions like the Abbey of Monte Cassino and Fossanova Abbey.

### Ecosystem
The Papal States were a major center of Renaissance art and culture, with many notable artists, architects, and musicians active within its borders. The state was also home to major religious institutions like the Abbey of Monte Cassino and Fossanova Abbey.

### Community
The Papal States were a major center of Renaissance art and culture, with many notable artists, architects, and musicians active within its borders. The state was also home to major religious institutions like the Abbey of Monte Cassino and Fossanova Abbey.

### Related Projects
The Papal States were a major center of Renaissance art and culture, with many notable artists, architects, and musicians active within its borders. The state was also home to major religious institutions like the Abbey of Monte Cassino and Fossanova Abbey.

### Major Cities
The Papal States were centered in the Italian Peninsula, with Rome as its capital. The state was also home to major religious institutions like the Abbey of Monte Cassino and Fossanova Abbey.

### Major Events
The major events of the Papal States included the 1846 conclave that elected Pius IX, the Sack of Rome in end{code}

## References

1. Virtual International Authority File
2. Historical Dictionary of Switzerland
3. Freebase Data Dumps. 2013
4. Quora
5. [Source](https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/papalik)
6. FactGrid
7. KBpedia