# Pablo Neruda

> Chilean poet and politician (1904-1973)

**Wikidata**: [Q34189](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34189)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pablo_Neruda)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/pablo-neruda

## Summary
Pablo Neruda was a Chilean poet, politician and diplomat renowned for major poetry collections such as Canto General and Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair. He was a recipient of numerous national and international honors, including the Nobel Prize in Literature, and maintained an active literary career from 1922 until 1973.

## Biography
- Born: 1904 (year provided; place not specified in source material)
- Nationality: Chile
- Education: Affiliated with the University of Chile (institution listed; specific degrees not provided)
- Known for: Major poetry collections (including Canto General, Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair, Residence on Earth) and roles as poet, politician and diplomat
- Employer(s): University of Chile (affiliation listed)
- Field(s): Poetry; prose; literature; diplomacy; politics; lyric writing; autobiography; general writing

## Contributions
- Published Canto General (1950), a poetry collection explicitly identified in the source material.
- Authored Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair (listed as a poetry collection associated with him).
- Produced Residence on Earth (listed as a book of poetry associated with him).
- Maintained an active work period in literature and related fields from 1922 to 1973 (work_period_start: 1922; work_period_end: 1973).
- Served in political and diplomatic roles (described in source material as politician and diplomat; specific offices or dates not provided).
- Contributed to lyric writing and autobiography (identified as lyricist and autobiographer in the related occupations list).
- Received multiple national and international honors and recognitions (see Notable For and Awards sections for specifics).

## FAQs
Q: Who was Pablo Neruda?
A: Pablo Neruda was a Chilean poet, politician and diplomat best known for major poetry works and international literary honors.

Q: What are Pablo Neruda’s most famous works?
A: His notable works listed in the source material include Canto General (1950), Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair, and Residence on Earth.

Q: When did Pablo Neruda produce work?
A: The provided work period for Neruda spans from 1922 to 1973.

Q: Which institutions was Pablo Neruda affiliated with?
A: He is listed as affiliated with the University of Chile and received honorary doctorates from the National University of San Marcos (Peru) and the Pontifical Catholic University of Chile.

Q: Which major awards did Pablo Neruda receive?
A: Among the honors listed are the Nobel Prize in Literature, Chile’s National Prize for Literature, the International Stalin Prize for Peace, the Golden Wreath (Struga Poetry Evenings), the Order of the Aztec Eagle, and other international prizes connected to peace and literature.

Q: What other roles besides poet did Neruda hold?
A: He is identified as a politician, diplomat, lyricist, autobiographer and general writer.

Q: Are there geographical or scientific names associated with Neruda?
A: The name “Neruda” appears as a crater on Mercury (listed under related items). A genus "Nerudia" of arachnids also appears among related entities.

## Why They Matter
Pablo Neruda mattered because he combined poetic craft with public life, producing landmark poetry collections that entered international literary awareness and attracting high-level honors that signal global recognition. As a poet whose work is repeatedly cited (Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair; Residence on Earth; Canto General), he helped shape twentieth-century Spanish-language poetry and literature. His career bridged literature, diplomacy and politics, demonstrating the public role a major poet could play in national and international spheres. The range of awards and honors—national prizes, international peace awards, a Nobel Prize in Literature and state decorations like the Order of the Aztec Eagle—attest to a cross-disciplinary influence: literary, political and diplomatic. The presence of his name in planetary nomenclature (a crater on Mercury) and biological taxonomy (a genus Nerudia) indicates cultural and scientific commemoration beyond the literary world. Without his work and public profile, mid‑20th‑century Spanish‑language poetry and the global perception of Chilean literary achievement would have been less prominent.

## Notable For
- Nobel Prize in Literature — listed among his recognitions (the Nobel Prize is one of five prizes established by Alfred Nobel; inception noted as 1901).
- Canto General (1950) — listed as a major poetry collection by Neruda.
- Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair — listed as a widely known poetry collection associated with him.
- Residence on Earth — identified as a book of poetry associated with Neruda.
- National Prize for Literature (Chile) — listed among his awards; the Chilean prize has an inception date noted as 1942-11-09.
- International Stalin Prize for Peace — listed among his peace-related honors (inception: 1949-12-20).
- World Peace Council prizes — listed in his recognitions (peace prize).
- Golden Wreath (Struga Poetry Evenings) — listed; inception of the award noted as 1966.
- Order of the Aztec Eagle — listed among honors; inception noted as 1933-12-29 and described as Mexico’s highest decoration for foreigners.
- Honorary doctorates — National University of San Marcos (Peru) and Pontifical Catholic University of Chile.
- Atenea Award — listed among literary awards (Atenea inception: 1929).
- Grawemeyer Award for Music Composition — listed among recognitions (the award is an American composition award given annually by the University of Louisville; inception noted 1984/1985 in the provided metadata).
- Name used in other domains — “Neruda” appears as a crater on Mercury; “Nerudia” is a genus of arachnids.
- Affiliation with the University of Chile — listed in affiliated institutions.

## Body

### Identity and Metadata
- Wikidata description: "Chilean poet and politician (1904–1973)."
- Aliases: Nieh-lu-ta; Pamplo Nerouda; Neftalí Ricardo Reyes; Bāblū Nīrūdā; Neftalí Ricardo Reyes Basoalto; Nieluda; Neftali Ricardo Reyes Basoalto; Neftali Reyes Basualto; Neftali Reyes Basoalto; Neftali Ricardo Reyes.
- Wikipedia title: Pablo Neruda.
- Sitelink count: 165 (as provided in structured properties).
- Recorded work period: 1922 (work_period_start) to 1973 (work_period_end).

### Early Life
- Birth year is provided as 1904 in the source material; no birthplace, birth date or parental details are included in the provided data.
- The aliases include the name Neftalí Ricardo Reyes Basoalto, indicating original personal name forms recorded among the provided metadata.

### Literary Career — Major Works
- Canto General (1950) is explicitly listed as a 1950 poetry collection by Pablo Neruda.
- Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair is identified as a poetry collection by Neruda in the provided related items.
- Residence on Earth is listed as a book of poetry connected to Neruda.
- The source lists his occupations and fields that include poet, writer, lyricist and autobiographer, which align with the published poetic works named above.
- His documented active literary period runs from 1922 through 1973.

### Political and Diplomatic Roles
- The provided material classifies Neruda as a politician and diplomat. Specific offices, dates of service, or diplomatic postings are not supplied in the source material but the occupations indicate public and governmental roles beyond purely literary activity.

### Awards, Honors and Recognitions
- Nobel Prize in Literature — included among his awards; the Nobel Prize (one of five prizes established by Alfred Nobel) has inception metadata shown as 1901.
- National Prize for Literature (Chile) — listed as one of his recognitions; the prize’s inception date is given as 1942-11-09 in the metadata.
- World Peace Council prizes — listed as peace prizes associated with him.
- International Stalin Prize for Peace — listed among his honors with an inception date of 1949-12-20 in the metadata.
- Golden Wreath — cited as a poetry award bestowed at the Struga Poetry Evenings, inception noted as 1966.
- Order of the Aztec Eagle — listed among honors and described as Mexico’s highest decoration for foreigners; inception metadata is 1933-12-29.
- Atenea Award — included among recognitions; Atenea’s inception year is given as 1929 in the metadata.
- Grawemeyer Award for Music Composition — listed among recognitions; the award is described as an American composition award given annually by the University of Louisville with inception metadata 1984/1985.
- Honorary doctorates — honorary doctorate of the National University of San Marcos (country: Peru) and honorary doctorate of the Pontifical Catholic University of Chile are both listed.
- The list includes a general category “World Peace Council prizes” and “International Stalin Prize for Peace,” indicating recognition in peace award circuits as well as in literary ones.

### Affiliations and Institutions
- University of Chile — listed as an affiliated institution (public university in Santiago, Chile).
- National University of San Marcos (Peru) — conferred an honorary doctorate (country specified as Peru).
- Pontifical Catholic University of Chile — conferred an honorary doctorate (country specified as Chile).
- Related organizations and learned societies appearing in the material include the Modern Language Association, Academy of Arts of the GDR, and American Academy of Arts and Sciences; these are listed among related entities in the provided knowledge.

### Related People and Cultural Context
- The data lists several key people related to or associated by topic with Neruda: Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer, Rubén Darío, Federico García Lorca, Walt Whitman, Francisco Quevedo, Arthur Rimbaud, Peter Kolosimo, Manlio Argueta, and Dane Zajc. These names are presented in the knowledge as related figures in poetry, literature and letters.

### Namesakes and Legacy Markers
- Neruda — listed as a crater on Mercury in related items, indicating his name’s use in planetary nomenclature.
- Nerudia — listed as a genus of arachnids in related items, indicating taxonomic commemoration.
- The presence of many awards, national prizes, international peace recognitions, honorary doctorates and institutional affiliations demonstrates a broad legacy across literature, diplomacy and public life.

### Chronology and Scope
- Work period: 1922–1973 (explicit start and end in structured properties).
- Publications explicitly cited: Canto General (1950), Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair, Residence on Earth.
- Awards and honors span national (Chile’s National Prize for Literature; Atenea Award) and international (Nobel Prize in Literature; International Stalin Prize for Peace; Order of the Aztec Eagle; Golden Wreath) recognition.

### Data and Reference Notes
- Many items in this entry derive from structured metadata provided in the source material (e.g., award inception dates, affiliated institutions and alias variants).
- The source lists the Grawemeyer Award for Music Composition among recognitions and provides metadata for that award (inception ~1984/1985), although that inception postdates Neruda’s documented work period end of 1973; the award is nevertheless present in the provided awards list.

### Final summary of roles and record
- Pablo Neruda is recorded in the provided data as a Chilean poet, politician, diplomat, lyricist, autobiographer and writer, active from 1922 to 1973, and internationally recognized through major literary and peace prizes, multiple honorary doctorates, institutional affiliations, and commemorations in other cultural and scientific fields.

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32. [Source](https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pablo_Neruda)
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46. [Source](http://purl.org/pressemappe20/beaconlist/pe)
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