# Oymyakon

> selo in Sakha Republic, Russia

**Wikidata**: [Q192098](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192098)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oymyakon)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/oymyakon

## Summary
Oymyakon is a rural settlement (selo) located in the Sakha Republic of Russia, known for its extreme cold temperatures and remote Siberian location. It is one of the coldest permanently inhabited places on Earth, situated in a region with a harsh subarctic climate.

## Key Facts
- **Location:** Oymyakon is a selo (village) in the Sakha Republic, Russia.
- **Coordinates:** 63.4629473° N, 142.7869693° E.
- **Population:** Estimated between 319 and 560 residents (varies by source).
- **Climate:** Subarctic, with some of the lowest recorded temperatures for inhabited areas.
- **Language:** Primarily Russian and Yakut (a Turkic language of the Siberian branch).
- **Administrative Division:** Part of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia), a federal subject of Russia.
- **Sitelink Count:** 67 (Wikidata references).

## FAQs
**Where is Oymyakon located?**
Oymyakon is situated in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia), a federal subject of Russia in northeastern Siberia. It lies at coordinates 63.4629473° N, 142.7869693° E, in a region known for extreme cold.

**What is the population of Oymyakon?**
The population of Oymyakon varies by source, with estimates ranging from 319 to 560 residents. It is a small, remote settlement typical of rural Siberia.

**What languages are spoken in Oymyakon?**
The primary languages spoken in Oymyakon are Russian and Yakut. Yakut is a Turkic language belonging to the Siberian branch, reflecting the indigenous culture of the Sakha Republic.

**Why is Oymyakon notable?**
Oymyakon is renowned for its extreme cold, often cited as one of the coldest permanently inhabited places on Earth. Its subarctic climate and remote location make it a subject of scientific and cultural interest.

## Why It Matters
Oymyakon serves as a critical case study in human adaptation to extreme environments. Its existence highlights the resilience of communities in some of the harshest climates on Earth, offering insights into survival strategies, cultural preservation, and the impact of geography on human settlement. Additionally, its status as part of the Sakha Republic underscores the diversity of Russia’s federal structure and the unique challenges faced by remote regions in the country.

## Notable For
- Being one of the coldest permanently inhabited settlements on Earth.
- Its remote location in the Sakha Republic, a vast and sparsely populated region of Russia.
- The presence of the Yakut language, a distinct Turkic language, alongside Russian.
- Serving as a symbol of human endurance in extreme climatic conditions.

## Body

### Geography and Climate
Oymyakon is located in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia), a federal subject of Russia in northeastern Siberia. Its coordinates are 63.4629473° N, 142.7869693° E, placing it in a region characterized by a subarctic climate. The settlement is known for its extreme cold, with temperatures frequently dropping below -50°C (-58°F) in winter. This climate makes Oymyakon one of the coldest permanently inhabited places on Earth, attracting scientific and media attention.

### Demographics and Language
The population of Oymyakon is small, with estimates ranging from 319 to 560 residents. The community is predominantly rural, reflecting the broader demographic patterns of the Sakha Republic. The primary languages spoken are Russian and Yakut. Yakut, also known as Sakha, is a Turkic language belonging to the Siberian branch, and it holds official status in the republic alongside Russian. This linguistic diversity highlights the cultural richness of the region.

### Administrative and Political Context
Oymyakon is part of the Sakha Republic, one of Russia’s 22 republics. The Sakha Republic is the largest subnational governing body in the world by area, covering approximately 3.1 million square kilometers. It operates under a federal system within Russia, with a degree of autonomy in local governance. The republic’s capital is Yakutsk, and it is known for its vast natural resources, including diamonds, gold, and oil.

### Cultural and Historical Significance
The settlement of Oymyakon is a testament to the resilience of indigenous and settler communities in Siberia. The Yakut people, the indigenous population of the region, have historically relied on reindeer herding, fishing, and hunting for survival. The extreme climate has shaped unique cultural practices, including traditional housing designed to withstand low temperatures and dietary adaptations to the harsh environment.

### Infrastructure and Challenges
Life in Oymyakon presents significant challenges due to its remote location and extreme climate. Infrastructure, such as roads and utilities, must be designed to function in subzero temperatures. The settlement’s isolation also impacts access to healthcare, education, and economic opportunities. Despite these challenges, the community has developed strategies to sustain itself, including the use of traditional knowledge and modern technology.

### Related Entities
Oymyakon is connected to broader entities such as the Sakha Republic, the Russian Federation, and the Yakut language. The Sakha Republic is a key administrative division of Russia, while the Yakut language is an important cultural marker of the region. These connections underscore the settlement’s role within the larger geopolitical and cultural landscape of Siberia and Russia.

### Scientific and Media Interest
Oymyakon’s extreme climate has made it a subject of scientific research, particularly in the fields of climatology and human adaptation. Media outlets often feature the settlement in stories about survival in harsh environments, further cementing its reputation as a symbol of human endurance. The settlement’s unique conditions also attract tourists and researchers interested in experiencing or studying life in one of the coldest places on Earth.

## References

1. OKTMO
2. Virtual International Authority File
3. Freebase Data Dumps. 2013
4. Czech National Authority Database
5. OKATO-OKTMO correspondence table
6. Source
7. [Энциклопедия Якутии / СО РАН. Якут. науч. центр, АН Респ. Саха (Якутия), ООО «Якут. энциклопедия». — М. ; Якутск, 2000–2007. — Загл. парал. рус., якут. Том 1 : [Общие сведения. История. Народное образование и культура. Языки. Фольклор] / гл. ред. Ф. Г. Сафронов. — М. : Якут. энцикл. : Энцикл. Якутии-М, 2000. — 539, [1] с. : ил., портр. — 3000 экз.](https://vivaldi.nlr.ru/bv000070111/view#page=7)
8. [Итоги Всероссийской переписи населения 2002 г.](https://sakha.gks.ru/folder/39641)
9. [Итоги Всероссийской переписи населения 2010 г. Том 1: Численность и размещение населения Республики Саха (Якутия)](https://sakha.gks.ru/storage/mediabank/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%201.%20%D0%A7%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C%20%D0%B8%20%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5%20%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%20%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%20%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%20(%D0%AF%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F).zip)
10. [Численность населения по данным переписи на 1 октября 2021 г.](https://14.rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/5%20.xlsx)
11. GeoNames
12. Quora
13. [Source](http://pogoda.ru.net/monitor.php?id=24688&month=7&year=2010)
14. World Meteorological Organization