# Optimizing Cost-Efficient SFC Routing in NTNs: A Novel Transformer-Ant Colony Optimization Framework

> Research article (IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2025) · cited 12× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W4405974383](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W4405974383)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/optimizing-cost-efficient-sfc-routing-in-ntns-a-novel-transformer-ant-colony-optimization-framework