# Omar al-Bashir

> President of Sudan from 1989 to 2019

**Wikidata**: [Q57265](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57265)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omar_al-Bashir)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/omar-al-bashir

## Summary
Omar al-Bashir was the President of Sudan from 1989 to 2019, serving as the longest-ruling leader in the country's modern history. He held significant political and military influence, shaping Sudan's governance and international relations during his tenure.

## Biography
- Born: January 1, 1944
- Nationality: Sudanese
- Education: Attended the Egyptian Military College (1960–1963) and the Sudanese Military Academy
- Known for: Leading Sudan through political and military transitions, including the overthrow of the National Islamic Front government in 1989
- Employer(s): Sudanese military and government
- Field(s): Political leadership, military strategy

## Contributions
Omar al-Bashir played a pivotal role in Sudan's political landscape by leading the military coup that deposed the National Islamic Front government in 1989. He established the Sudanese People's Liberation Movement (SPLM) and later the National Congress Party (NCP), shaping Sudan's political landscape. His presidency saw Sudan's membership in key international organizations, including the United Nations and the African Union, while also facing challenges such as the Second Sudanese Civil War and the War in Darfur. His tenure ended in 2019 following a military coup that removed him from power.

## FAQs
**What was Omar al-Bashir's role in Sudan's political history?**
Omar al-Bashir served as President of Sudan from 1989 to 2019, leading the country through significant political and military transitions. He played a key role in the overthrow of the National Islamic Front government and established the Sudanese People's Liberation Movement (SPLM).

**Which conflicts did Sudan face under Omar al-Bashir's leadership?**
Sudan experienced the Second Sudanese Civil War (1983–2005) and the War in Darfur (2003–present) during Omar al-Bashir's presidency. These conflicts shaped Sudan's internal and regional dynamics.

**What international organizations was Sudan a member of during his presidency?**
Sudan was a member of the United Nations, the African Union, the League of Arab States, and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation under Omar al-Bashir's leadership.

**How did Omar al-Bashir's presidency end?**
Omar al-Bashir was removed from power in 2019 following a military coup led by the Transitional Military Council, which established a new leadership structure in Sudan.

## Why They Matter
Omar al-Bashir's presidency marked a significant period in Sudan's modern history, influencing the country's political, military, and international relations. His leadership during the Second Sudanese Civil War and the War in Darfur had lasting impacts on Sudan's stability and regional security. His tenure also saw Sudan's engagement with global organizations, shaping its diplomatic role on the African continent. His removal in 2019 led to a transition in Sudan's governance, reflecting broader regional power dynamics.

## Notable For
- Led the military coup that deposed the National Islamic Front government in 1989
- Established the Sudanese People's Liberation Movement (SPLM) and the National Congress Party (NCP)
- Served as President of Sudan from 1989 to 2019, the longest-serving leader in the country's modern history
- Faced significant conflicts, including the Second Sudanese Civil War and the War in Darfur
- Maintained Sudan's membership in key international organizations, including the United Nations and the African Union
- Oversaw Sudan's engagement with regional and global diplomatic relations

## Body

### Early Life and Military Career
Omar al-Bashir was born on January 1, 1944. He attended the Egyptian Military College from 1960 to 1963 and later the Sudanese Military Academy. His early career in the Sudanese military laid the foundation for his later political leadership.

### Rise to Power
In 1989, Omar al-Bashir led a military coup that overthrew the National Islamic Front government. This event marked the beginning of his presidency and established the Sudanese People's Liberation Movement (SPLM) as a key political force.

### Presidency and Political Leadership
Omar al-Bashir served as President of Sudan from 1989 to 2019, making him the longest-serving leader in the country's modern history. His presidency saw Sudan's engagement with international organizations, including the United Nations and the African Union, while also facing significant challenges.

### Conflicts and International Relations
During his tenure, Sudan experienced the Second Sudanese Civil War (1983–2005) and the War in Darfur (2003–present). These conflicts had profound impacts on Sudan's internal and regional security. Sudan maintained its membership in key international organizations, shaping its diplomatic role on the African continent.

### Transition of Power
In 2019, Omar al-Bashir was removed from power following a military coup led by the Transitional Military Council. This event marked the end of his presidency and led to a transition in Sudan's governance, reflecting broader regional power dynamics.

### Legacy and Influence
Omar al-Bashir's presidency left a lasting legacy in Sudan's political and military history. His leadership during the Second Sudanese Civil War and the War in Darfur had significant impacts on Sudan's stability and regional security. His tenure also saw Sudan's engagement with global organizations, shaping its diplomatic role on the African continent. His removal in 2019 led to a transition in Sudan's governance, reflecting broader regional power dynamics.

## References

1. BnF authorities
2. Dictionary of African Biography
3. [Source](https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/apr/11/sudan-army-ousts-bashir-after-30-years-in-power)
4. Database of Cabinet Politics in Sub-Sahara Africa
5. [List of Sudan’s national unity government. 2005](https://sudantribune.com/article12332/)
6. general catalog of BnF
7. [Source](https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/4/11/profile-omar-al-bashir-sudans-longtime-ruler)
8. Lingua Libre
9. Munzinger Personen
10. Freebase Data Dumps. 2013
11. [Source](https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/13/world/africa/sudan-bashir-trial-verdict.html)
12. BBC Things
13. [Source](http://www.rfi.fr/afrique/20190417-soudan-omar-el-bechir-transfere-une-prison-khartoum)
14. Treccani's Enciclopedia on line
15. Quora
16. Virtual International Authority File