# Old National Pronunciation

> system set up in 1913 for the phonology of standard Chinese, based on Beijing dialect, influenced by older forms of Mandarin and Wu, containing initials /v/, /ŋ/, /ɲ/, preserving the “round-sharp distinction” and the checked tone; abandoned by 1926

**Wikidata**: [Q15897983](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15897983)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_National_Pronunciation)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/old-national-pronunciation