# numismatics

> study of currencies, coins and paper money

**Wikidata**: [Q631286](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631286)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numismatics)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/numismatics

## Summary
Numismatics is the study of currencies, including coins and paper money, serving as an auxiliary science of history. It encompasses the analysis of coinage, banknotes, and related financial artifacts to understand economic, cultural, and historical contexts. As an academic discipline, it connects with broader historical research and supports fields like archaeology and economics through its examination of monetary systems.

## Key Facts
- Numismatics is an auxiliary science of history, helping evaluate and use historical sources related to currencies.
- It is an academic discipline focused on the study of coins and paper money.
- Key figures in numismatics include Johann Alexander Döderlein, Bartolomeo Borghesi, and Christopher Andreas Holmboe.
- Notable organizations include the American Numismatic Society (founded 1858) and the Royal Numismatic Society (founded 1836).
- The study involves analyzing coin grading, coining processes, and historical coinage systems like Illyrian coinage.
- Related entities include coin collecting, spintria (ancient Roman tokens), and the Standard Catalog of World Paper Money.
- The International Numismatic Council was established in 1934, and the Farran Zerbe Memorial Award is the highest honor by the American Numismatic Association.

## FAQs
- **What is the difference between numismatics and coin collecting?**
  Numismatics is the academic study of currencies, while coin collecting is a hobby focused on amassing and trading coins. Numismatics involves historical analysis and research, whereas coin collecting is more about personal interest and market value.

- **Who are some notable numismatists?**
  Notable figures include Bartolomeo Borghesi, George Francis Hill, and Harold B. Mattingly, who contributed significantly to the field through their research and publications.

- **What organizations are involved in numismatics?**
  Key organizations include the American Numismatic Society, the Royal Numismatic Society, and the International Numismatic Council, which promote numismatic research and education.

- **What are some key publications or catalogs in numismatics?**
  Important publications include the Standard Catalog of World Paper Money, which catalogs banknotes, and various scholarly works by numismatists like Harold Mattingly and Michael Grant.

- **How does numismatics relate to history?**
  Numismatics serves as an auxiliary science of history by analyzing coins and paper money to provide insights into economic systems, cultural practices, and historical events.

## Why It Matters
Numismatics plays a crucial role in historical research by providing tangible evidence of economic and cultural developments. It helps archaeologists and historians reconstruct past societies through the study of coinage and monetary systems. By analyzing coins and banknotes, numismatists can trace trade routes, understand political changes, and explore the evolution of currency. This discipline also supports fields like economics and anthropology by offering a concrete record of monetary practices. Additionally, numismatics fosters public interest in history through exhibitions, auctions, and educational programs, making historical artifacts accessible to a broader audience.

## Notable For
- Being an auxiliary science of history, numismatics provides critical historical evidence through the study of coins and paper money.
- It includes the analysis of unique historical artifacts like spintria, ancient Roman tokens depicting erotic scenes.
- The field has produced significant scholarly works, such as the Standard Catalog of World Paper Money, which catalogs banknotes globally.
- Numismatics has been advanced by notable figures like Bartolomeo Borghesi, who contributed to the study of ancient coinage and epigraphy.
- The American Numismatic Society and the Royal Numismatic Society are key organizations that promote numismatic research and education.
- The International Numismatic Council, established in 1934, plays a role in coordinating numismatic activities internationally.

## Body
### History and Foundations
Numismatics as an academic discipline has deep historical roots, with early contributions from figures like Bartolomeo Borghesi, an Italian numismatist and epigrapher, and Christopher Andreas Holmboe, a Norwegian philologist. The study of currencies has been integral to historical research, providing insights into economic systems and cultural practices. Key organizations such as the American Numismatic Society (founded 1858) and the Royal Numismatic Society (founded 1836) have played pivotal roles in advancing the field.

### Key Figures and Contributions
Notable numismatists include Johann Alexander Döderlein, a German historian, and William Henry Waddington, a 19th-century French statesman. Bartolomeo Borghesi, an Italian numismatist, made significant contributions to the study of ancient coinage and epigraphy. Other notable figures include Christopher Andreas Holmboe, a Norwegian philologist, and Samuel Pozzi, a French physician. Their work has enriched the field through detailed analyses of coins and monetary systems.

### Organizations and Institutions
The American Numismatic Society, based in New York City, was founded in 1858 and serves as a leading institution for numismatic research. The Royal Numismatic Society, established in 1836, is another key organization that promotes numismatic studies in the UK. The International Numismatic Council, founded in 1934, coordinates numismatic activities internationally. These organizations play crucial roles in advancing the field through publications, exhibitions, and educational programs.

### Publications and Catalogs
Important publications in numismatics include the Standard Catalog of World Paper Money, which catalogs banknotes globally. Other notable works come from scholars like Harold Mattingly, a British classicist and numismatist, and Michael Grant, a British classicist and historian. These publications provide essential resources for researchers and collectors alike.

### Related Fields and Entities
Numismatics is closely related to coin collecting, which involves the hobby of amassing and trading coins. Other related entities include the study of Illyrian coinage, ancient coinage from the Illyrian region, and spintria, ancient Roman tokens depicting erotic scenes. These connections highlight the interdisciplinary nature of numismatics and its role in broader historical and archaeological studies.

### Impact and Significance
Numismatics has a significant impact on historical research by providing tangible evidence of economic and cultural developments. It supports fields like archaeology and economics through the analysis of coinage and monetary systems. The study of currencies helps archaeologists and historians reconstruct past societies, trace trade routes, and understand political changes. Numismatics also fosters public interest in history through exhibitions, auctions, and educational programs, making historical artifacts accessible to a broader audience.

## References

1. [Nuovo soggettario](https://thes.bncf.firenze.sbn.it/termine.php?id=18284)
2. Nuovo soggettario
3. Freebase Data Dumps. 2013
4. [Registros de autoridad de "Materia" de la Biblioteca Nacional de España. Spain open data portal](https://www.bne.es/media/datosgob/catalogo-autoridades/materia/materia-UTF8.zip)
5. YSO-Wikidata mapping project
6. WikiUMLS: Aligning UMLS to Wikipedia via Cross-lingual Neural Ranking
7. Quora
8. FactGrid
9. National Library of Israel
10. KBpedia
11. [OpenAlex](https://docs.openalex.org/download-snapshot/snapshot-data-format)