# Non–Intrusive Appliance Load Disaggregation in Smart Homes Using Hybrid Constrained Particle Swarm Optimization and Factorial Hidden Markov Model

> Research article (Journal of Energy Management and Technology, 2019) · cited 15× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W2948032963](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W2948032963)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/nonintrusive-appliance-load-disaggregation-in-smart-homes-using-hybrid-constrained-particle-swarm-optimization-and-facto