# Nondestructive and rapid grading of tobacco leaves by use of a hand-held near-infrared spectrometer, based on a particle swarm optimization-extreme learning machine algorithm

> Research article (Spectroscopy Letters, 2020) · cited 12× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W3100435397](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W3100435397)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/nondestructive-and-rapid-grading-of-tobacco-leaves-by-use-of-a-hand-held-near-infrared-spectrometer-based-on-a-particle-