# Nikolai Kondratiev

> Soviet economist (1892-1938)

**Wikidata**: [Q312799](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q312799)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikolai_Kondratiev)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/nikolai-kondratiev

## Summary
Nikolai Kondratiev was a Soviet economist best known for proposing the Kondratiev wave, a theory of long‑term economic cycles. Born in 1892, he worked across numerous Soviet research and planning institutions and left a lasting legacy in economic thought.

## Biography
- Born: 1892  
- Nationality: Soviet Union  
- Education: *(no data provided)*  
- Known for: Kondratiev wave (hypothesized long economic cycles)  
- Employer(s): Faculty of Law, Saint Petersburg State University; Russian University of Cooperation; Moscow City People’s University; Moscow Narodny Bank; Pomgol; Institute of Conjuncture; USSR People's Commissariat of Agriculture; Gosplan  
- Field(s): economics  

## Contributions
- Proposed the **Kondratiev wave**, a hypothesis of long‑cycle fluctuations in the modern world economy.  
- Conducted economic research at the **Institute of Conjuncture**, a Soviet institute established in 1920.  
- Contributed to Soviet economic planning through his work at **Gosplan** and the **USSR People's Commissariat of Agriculture**, helping shape early state‑directed economic policy.  

## FAQs
**Who was Nikolai Kondratiev?**  
He was a Soviet economist born in 1892, recognized for developing the Kondratiev wave theory of long economic cycles.

**What is the Kondratiev wave?**  
The Kondratiev wave is a hypothesized cycle‑like phenomenon in the modern world economy, characterized by long periods of expansion and contraction lasting several decades.

**Where did Nikolai Kondratiev work?**  
He was affiliated with the Faculty of Law at Saint Petersburg State University, the Russian University of Cooperation, Moscow City People’s University, Moscow Narodny Bank, Pomgol, the Institute of Conjuncture, the USSR People's Commissariat of Agriculture, and Gosplan.

**What honors bear his name?**  
The **Kondratiev Prize** has been awarded since 1992 by the Russian Academy of Sciences, and the **Kondratiev Medal** was instituted in 1993 in Russia.

**What was his nationality?**  
He was a Soviet economist, thus his nationality was the Soviet Union.

**Which key figures were associated with him?**  
He is linked in the source material to fellow Russian economist Mikhail Tugan‑Baranovsky (1865‑1919) and Russian academic Nikolay Danilevsky (1822‑1885).

**What organizations did he help create or support?**  
Through his roles he supported Pomgol (a relief organization for the starving), the Institute of Conjuncture (a 1920s research institute), and the Soviet planning bodies Gosplan and the People's Commissariat of Agriculture.

**How is he described in structured data?**  
His Wikidata description reads “Soviet economist (1892‑1938)”, he has the alias Nikolai Dmitriyevich Kondratiev, a sitelink count of 35, and the Wikipedia title “Nikolai Kondratiev”.

## Why They Matter
Kondratiev’s introduction of the long‑wave concept shifted economic analysis from short‑term fluctuations to structural, decades‑scale patterns, influencing later scholars in business cycle theory, technological innovation studies, and macroeconomic forecasting. His work at Soviet planning institutions helped early Soviet economic policy incorporate systematic conjunctural analysis, and the continued existence of the Kondratiev Prize and Medal shows enduring recognition of his contributions. Without his hypothesis, the understanding of long‑term economic dynamics would lack a foundational framework that still guides research on innovation cycles, Kondratiev‑style waves, and global economic development.

## Notable For
- Proposed the Kondratiev wave theory of long economic cycles  
- Affiliated with the Faculty of Law, Saint Petersburg State University  
- Affiliated with the Russian University of Cooperation  
- Affiliated with Moscow City People’s University  
- Affiliated with Moscow Narodny Bank  
- Involved with Pomgol (relief organization for the starving)  
- Worked at the Institute of Conjuncture (1920s Soviet research institute)  
- Served in the USSR People's Commissariat of Agriculture  
- Contributed to Gosplan, the Soviet state planning authority  
- Recognized by the Kondratiev Prize (since 1992)  
- Honored with the Kondratiev Medal (instituted 1993)  
- Listed as an economist and politician in structured data  
- Connected to key figures Mikhail Tugan‑Baranovsky and Nikolay Danilevsky  

## Body
### Early Life
Nikolai Kondratiev was born in 1892. No further details about his birthplace or early family background are provided in the source material.

### Education
The source does not contain any information about his formal education or academic degrees.

### Career and Affiliations
Throughout his professional life Kondratiev was associated with a variety of institutions:
- **Faculty of Law, Saint Petersburg State University** – a faculty of a Russian university with inception dating to 1724.  
- **Russian University of Cooperation** – founded in 1912.  
- **Moscow City People’s University** – a private university operating in Moscow since 1908‑10‑01.  
- **Moscow Narodny Bank** – established on 1912‑05‑09, described as a bank of the Russian Empire.  
- **Pomgol** – an organization for relief of the starving in Russia, active from 1921.  
- **Institute of Conjuncture** – a Soviet research institute created in September 1920.  
- **USSR People's Commissariat of Agriculture** – the Soviet agriculture ministry, established 1929‑12‑07.  
- **Gosplan** – the Soviet state planning authority, inaugurated in 1921.  

These affiliations illustrate his engagement across academic, financial, humanitarian, research, and governmental spheres.

### Theoretical Work
Kondratiev’s most notable intellectual contribution is the **Kondratiev wave**, described in the source as a hypothesized cycle‑like phenomenon in the modern world economy. The concept is treated as a distinct “Thing” with a sitelink count of 22, indicating its presence in knowledge bases. No specific publication date is given in the source, but the theory is attributed to him as his primary achievement.

### Institutional Contributions
- At the **Institute of Conjuncture**, he participated in early Soviet economic research during the 1920s.  
- Through his role in **Gosplan**, he contributed to the formulation of Soviet state‑directed economic plans.  
- In the **USSR People's Commissariat of Agriculture**, he worked on agricultural policy and planning during the early 1930s.  

These roles placed him at the center of Soviet economic decision‑making and research.

### Connections to Other Figures
The source links Kondratiev to two notable Russian intellectuals:
- **Mikhail Tugan‑Baranovsky** (1865‑1919), a Russian economist.  
- **Nikolay Danilevsky** (1822‑1885), a Russian academic.  

These connections situate him within a broader tradition of Russian economic and social thought.

### Recognition and Legacy
Posthumous recognition includes:
- The **Kondratiev Prize**, awarded since 1992 by the Russian Academy of Sciences.  
- The **Kondratiev Medal**, instituted in 1993 in Russia.  

Additionally, structured data notes his alias (Nikolai Dmitriyevich Kondratiev), a sitelink count of 35, the Wikipedia title “Nikolai Kondratiev”, and a Wikidata description identifying him as a “Soviet economist (1892‑1938)”.

### Broader Context
His life spanned the transition from the Russian Empire through the Russian Republic, the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic, and into the Soviet Union. This historical backdrop is reflected in the linked entities: Russian Empire (1721‑1917), Russian Republic (Sep‑Oct 1917), Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic (1918‑1922), and Soviet Union (1922‑1991). His occupation is recorded as economist and politician, and he is categorized under the broader concepts of human, economics, and the academic society Econometric Society (founded 1930‑12‑29). All of these relationships are drawn exclusively from the provided source material.

## References

1. Unravelling the Mysteries of the Existence of Phototrophic Microorganisms. Elena Nikolaevna Kondratieva, a Full Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences (1925–1995)
2. BnF authorities
3. Integrated Authority File
4. [Source](https://www.econometricsociety.org/society/organization-and-governance/fellows/memoriam)
5. Virtual International Authority File
6. CiNii Research
7. Freebase Data Dumps. 2013
8. Quora
9. Catalogo of the National Library of India