# Nicolás Maduro

> President of Venezuela 2013 to 2026

**Wikidata**: [Q58132](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58132)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolás_Maduro)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/nicolas-maduro

## Summary
Nicolás Maduro is a Venezuelan politician, diplomat, and former trade unionist who served as the president of Venezuela from 2013 to 2026. Known for his diverse professional background including work as a bus driver, he has been a central figure in the country's political landscape and is associated with state socialism. His tenure is marked by the receipt of numerous international orders and his leadership of a major South American nation within the global energy sector.

## Biography
- **Born:** November 23, 1962
- **Nationality:** Venezuelan
- **Education:** [Data not available in source]
- **Known for:** Serving as the President of Venezuela (2013–2026) and holding roles as a politician, diplomat, trade unionist, and bus driver.
- **Employer(s):** [Data not available in source]
- **Field(s):** Politics, diplomacy, trade unionism, transportation

## Contributions
Nicolás Maduro's primary contribution defined in the source material is his leadership of Venezuela as President from 2013 to 2026. During this period, he governed the country, which is a founding member of OPEC and a significant player in global energy markets. Additionally, his career has been recognized through the receipt of various international honors, including the Order of José Martí, the Order of the Liberator, and the Order of Lenin, acknowledging his standing and influence in political and diplomatic spheres.

## FAQs
**What professional roles has Nicolás Maduro held?**
Maduro has worked as a politician, diplomat, and trade unionist. He is also noted for his background as a bus driver.

**What awards has Nicolás Maduro received?**
He has been awarded the Order of José Martí, the Order of the Liberator, the Order of the Liberator General San Martín, the Order of Lenin, the Order of Francisco de Miranda, the Order of the Condor of the Andes, and the Order of Francisco Morazán.

**When did Nicolás Maduro serve as President?**
He served as the president of Venezuela from 2013 to 2026.

**What is Nicolás Maduro's full name?**
His full name is Nicolás Maduro Moros.

## Why They Matter
Nicolás Maduro matters due to his extended tenure as the head of state of Venezuela, a strategically located South American country and a key member of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC). His leadership spanned a period where the nation navigated complex international relations and economic challenges. His recognition with high-level orders from various nations, including the Order of Lenin and the Order of the Liberator, highlights his significant, though contested, prominence on the global political stage during the early 21st century.

## Notable For
- Serving as the President of Venezuela from 2013 to 2026.
- Professional background as a bus driver and trade unionist before entering high office.
- Recipient of the Order of Lenin, the highest decoration awarded by the Soviet Union.
- Receipt of the Order of the Liberator, a Venezuelan order.
- Receipt of the Order of José Martí.
- Association with state socialism as a political ideology.

## Body

### Identity and Background
Nicolás Maduro Moros is a human and citizen of Venezuela. Born on November 23, 1962, he is classified by his occupations as a politician, diplomat, and trade unionist. Uniquely, his professional history also includes work as a bus driver. His ideological alignment is associated with state socialism. He is also known by the aliases Nicolas Maduro Moros, Nicolas Maduro, and simply Maduro.

### Political Career and Presidency
Maduro held the position of President of Venezuela from 2013 to 2026. As a politician engaging in political activity, he led the country during a period defined by its federal republic structure under a presidential system. His administration coincided with the country's status as a sovereign state in South America, operating under the 1999 constitution (implied by the "Bolivarian Republic" designation in the source text). The executive branch he headed included the Cabinet of Venezuela, while legislative authority was vested in the National Assembly.

### Awards and Honors
Throughout his career, Maduro has received numerous awards and orders of merit from various countries and organizations. These recognitions include:
*   **Order of José Martí:** Instituted on December 2, 1972.
*   **Order of the Liberator:** A Venezuelan order instituted on September 14, 1880.
*   **Order of the Liberator General San Martín:** An Argentine honorary order instituted on August 17, 1943.
*   **Order of Lenin:** The highest decoration awarded by the Soviet Union (1930–1991), instituted on April 6, 1930.
*   **Order of Francisco de Miranda:** A Venezuelan order instituted on July 14, 1943.
*   **Order of the Condor of the Andes:** Instituted on April 18, 1925.
*   **Order of Francisco Morazán:** Instituted on March 1, 1941.

### National Context and Governance
As the leader of Venezuela, Maduro governed a country with a rich and complex profile. Venezuela is a sovereign state located in South America, having declared independence on July 5, 1811, with recognition following on March 30, 1845. The nation spans an area of 912,050 square kilometers, featuring diverse geography that ranges from the Andes Mountains to the Amazon Basin rainforest. Its highest point is Pico Bolívar (4,978 meters), and its lowest is Lagunillas (-12 meters).

#### Demographics and Society
The country Maduro led has an estimated population of 31,250,306 (as of 2024). The society is composed of diverse ethnic groups, including mestizos, White Venezuelans, Afro-Venezuelans, and indigenous peoples such as the Wayuu and Warao. The population is largely urban, with Caracas serving as the capital and the most populous urban area. The official language is Spanish, though Venezuelan Sign Language and over 30 indigenous languages are recognized. Life expectancy stands at 74.5 years.

#### Economy and Energy
Under Maduro's tenure, Venezuela remained a prominent member of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), a role it has held since 1960. The country's economy operates on the sovereign bolivar, a currency introduced on August 20, 2018. The nation is known for its vast energy resources and infrastructure, including a VAT rate of 12% and a mains voltage of 120V.

#### International Relations
Venezuela maintains a wide array of international memberships and diplomatic ties. It has been a member of the United Nations since November 15, 1945, and participates in the Union of South American Nations, the World Trade Organization, UNESCO, and the World Health Organization. The country maintains diplomatic relations with major powers including the United States, Russia, China, and Iran. It was a member of the Organization of American States from 1948 until 2017.

## References

1. Czech National Authority Database
2. The International Directory of Government 2022
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4. [Source](https://www.merkur.de/politik/nicolas-maduro-venezuela-praesident-psuv-diktator-korruption-politiker-90099299.html)
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6. [book](https://books.google.co.ve/books/about/De_verde_a_Maduro_El_sucesor_de_Ch%C3%A1vez.html?id=EcfSjJd-xXEC&redir_esc=y)
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15. [Source](https://theworld.org/stories/2019-03-04/former-chief-staff-maduro-focused-consolidating-his-power)
16. CONOR.SI
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18. Library of Congress Control Number
19. [Source](https://www.bbc.com/news/live/c5yqygxe41pt?post=asset%3Aadb96028-9ab4-4082-a058-0a5c070f24ca#post)
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