# Nested evolutionary algorithms for computationally expensive bilevel optimization problems: Variants and their systematic analysis

> Research article (Swarm and Evolutionary Computation, 2019) · cited 37× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W2946575659](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W2946575659)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/nested-evolutionary-algorithms-for-computationally-expensive-bilevel-optimization-problems-variants-and-their-systematic