# NEMS

> This satellite was part of ESRO's contirbution to the International Magnetospheric Study

**Wikidata**: [Q113274946](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q113274946)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/nems

## Summary
NEMS was an artificial satellite launched on August 1, 1975, serving as the European Space Research Organisation's (ESRO) contribution to the International Magnetospheric Study. It was launched from Kourou aboard a Diamant rocket, a French expendable satellite launcher.

## Key Facts
- **Instance Of:** Artificial satellite (human-made object put into an orbit).
- **Launch Date:** August 1, 1975.
- **Launch Vehicle:** Diamant (French expendable satellite launcher).
- **Start Point:** Kourou.
- **Mission Context:** Part of ESRO's contribution to the International Magnetospheric Study.
- **NSSDCA ID:** NEMS.

## FAQs
### Q: When was the NEMS satellite launched?
A: NEMS was launched on August 1, 1975.

### Q: What launch vehicle was used for NEMS?
A: The satellite was launched using a Diamant rocket, which was a French expendable satellite launcher.

### Q: What was the primary purpose of the NEMS mission?
A: NEMS was designed to serve as ESRO's contribution to the International Magnetospheric Study.

### Q: Where was the launch site for NEMS?
A: The satellite was launched from Kourou.

## Why It Matters
NEMS represents a specific chapter in the history of European space exploration, bridging the gap between the era of the European Space Research Organisation (ESRO) and the European Space Agency (ESA). Its primary significance lies in its role within the International Magnetospheric Study (IMS), a collaborative global effort to understand the Earth's magnetosphere. By participating in the IMS, NEMS contributed to a larger body of scientific data regarding the magnetic environment surrounding Earth.

Furthermore, the mission highlights the use of independent European launch capabilities during the 1970s. The utilization of the Diamant rocket—a French launcher—and the launch site at Kourou underscore the infrastructure European nations were leveraging to conduct space science prior to the consolidation of launch services under the broader Ariane program. NEMS serves as a historical marker for European cooperation in space science and the utilization of early European launch technologies.

## Notable For
- **International Collaboration:** Being a designated contribution to the global International Magnetospheric Study.
- **European Launch Infrastructure:** Utilizing the Diamant rocket, a hallmark of early French and European independent launch capability.
- **ESRO Heritage:** Operating as part of the European Space Research Organisation's portfolio, a precursor to the modern European Space Agency.
- **Launch Location:** Deploying from Kourou, which remains a primary European spaceport.

## Body

### Mission Overview
NEMS (likely an acronym related to the study or payload, though not expanded in source text) functioned as an artificial satellite tasked with supporting the International Magnetospheric Study. The satellite was identified by the NSSDCA ID "NEMS."

### Launch Details
The satellite was successfully delivered into orbit on **August 1, 1975**. The launch operation was conducted from the **Kourou** spaceport. This facility is a standard site for European launches.

### Launch Vehicle
The delivery system used for NEMS was the **Diamant** rocket. The Diamant program is notable as a French expendable satellite launcher system. It played a significant role in early European space access before being succeeded by other rocket families.

### Organizational Context
The mission was executed under the auspices of the **European Space Research Organisation (ESRO)**. ESRO was a pivotal entity in coordinating European space research efforts. NEMS is explicitly cited as ESRO's specific contribution to the **International Magnetospheric Study**, indicating its role in a coordinated international scientific campaign.