# National Geographic

> monthly geography, history, nature, and science magazine

**Wikidata**: [Q5973845](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5973845)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Geographic)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/national-geographic

## Summary
National Geographic is a monthly magazine published by the National Geographic Society, covering geography, history, nature, and science. Founded in 1888, it is one of the oldest and most influential periodicals in its field, known for its high-quality photography, in-depth reporting, and commitment to scientific accuracy.

## Key Facts
- Founded in 1888 by the National Geographic Society, a non-profit organization.
- Published monthly, with a focus on geography, history, nature, and science.
- Owned by The Walt Disney Company since 2015, through a joint venture called National Geographic Partners.
- Available in multiple languages, including English, Arabic, French, Italian, and Indonesian.
- Features original photography, including work by renowned photographers like John G. Morris and Stephanie Sinclair.
- Has a print and digital presence, with content accessible via its website and mobile apps.
- Known for its rigorous editorial standards, including peer-reviewed content and fact-checking.
- Published under the ISSN 0027-9358 (print) and 1044-6613 (online).
- Has a circulation of approximately 280 million copies annually.
- Affiliated with notable figures such as Susan Goldberg (first female Editor-In-Chief) and Jacques Ertaud (French director).
- Classified as a magazine (subclass of periodical and mass media) and a scientific journal (peer-reviewed subset).
- Distributed in 48 languages, reflecting its global reach.
- Maintained by WikiProject Academic Journals and referenced in national libraries (e.g., Latvia IDs: 000352854, 000067026).
- Recognized by UNESCO Thesaurus ID (concept15070) and Dewey Decimal Classification (050).

## FAQs
**What is the difference between National Geographic and a scientific journal?**
National Geographic is a popular science magazine that simplifies complex topics for a general audience, while scientific journals focus on peer-reviewed, technical research for specialists.

**Who founded National Geographic, and when was it established?**
National Geographic was founded in 1888 by the National Geographic Society, an American non-profit organization.

**How often is National Geographic published, and what topics does it cover?**
National Geographic is published monthly and covers geography, history, nature, and science.

**Who owns National Geographic today?**
National Geographic is owned by The Walt Disney Company through a joint venture called National Geographic Partners, established in 2015.

**What languages is National Geographic available in?**
National Geographic is available in multiple languages, including English, Arabic, French, Italian, and Indonesian.

**How does National Geographic ensure the accuracy of its content?**
National Geographic employs rigorous editorial standards, including peer review, fact-checking, and collaboration with scientific experts.

**Where can I access National Geographic content?**
National Geographic content is available through its website, mobile apps, print editions, and digital subscriptions.

**Who are some notable photographers associated with National Geographic?**
Notable photographers include John G. Morris and Stephanie Sinclair, known for their contributions to the magazine’s visual storytelling.

**What is the ISSN of National Geographic?**
National Geographic has an ISSN of 0027-9358 (print) and 1044-6613 (online).

**How many copies of National Geographic are distributed annually?**
National Geographic has a circulation of approximately 280 million copies annually.

## Why It Matters
National Geographic plays a crucial role in advancing scientific knowledge and public education. By combining high-quality photography, in-depth reporting, and peer-reviewed content, it bridges the gap between complex scientific research and general audiences. Its rigorous editorial standards ensure that readers receive accurate, well-researched information on topics ranging from climate change to space exploration. As a global publication, National Geographic influences cultural narratives, promotes environmental awareness, and fosters a deeper understanding of the natural world. Its long history and commitment to accuracy make it a trusted source for both experts and the general public. Additionally, National Geographic’s partnership with The Walt Disney Company has expanded its reach, allowing it to leverage digital platforms and multimedia content to engage a broader audience. This combination of scientific rigor and widespread accessibility has cemented its position as a leading authority in the fields of geography, history, nature, and science.

## Notable For
- One of the oldest and most influential periodicals in its field, with a history dating back to 1888.
- Known for its high-quality photography, including work by renowned photographers like John G. Morris and Stephanie Sinclair.
- Rigorous editorial standards, including peer review and fact-checking, ensuring content accuracy.
- Global reach, available in 48 languages and distributed in over 280 million copies annually.
- Partnership with The Walt Disney Company, expanding its digital and multimedia presence.
- Affiliation with notable figures such as Susan Goldberg (first female Editor-In-Chief) and Jacques Ertaud (French director).
- Classification as both a magazine and a scientific journal, reflecting its blend of popular and technical content.
- Recognized by UNESCO Thesaurus ID (concept15070) and Dewey Decimal Classification (050), indicating its scholarly significance.
- Maintained by WikiProject Academic Journals, ensuring accurate and up-to-date coverage.
- References in national libraries (e.g., Latvia IDs: 000352854, 000067026), highlighting its bibliographic importance.

## Body
### Definition and Purpose
National Geographic is a monthly magazine published by the National Geographic Society, founded in 1888. Its primary purpose is to disseminate knowledge about geography, history, nature, and science through high-quality photography, in-depth reporting, and peer-reviewed content. The magazine aims to educate and inspire readers by presenting complex topics in an accessible and engaging manner.

### Ownership and Partnerships
National Geographic is owned by The Walt Disney Company through a joint venture called National Geographic Partners, established in 2015. This partnership has expanded the magazine’s digital presence and multimedia content, allowing it to reach a broader audience. The Walt Disney Company’s ownership has enabled National Geographic to leverage its global distribution networks and technological capabilities.

### Editorial Standards and Content
National Geographic is known for its rigorous editorial standards, which include peer review, fact-checking, and collaboration with scientific experts. The magazine features original photography, including work by renowned photographers like John G. Morris and Stephanie Sinclair. Its content is published under the ISSN 0027-9358 (print) and 1044-6613 (online), ensuring a consistent and reliable source of information.

### Global Reach and Languages
National Geographic is available in multiple languages, including English, Arabic, French, Italian, and Indonesian. This multilingual approach reflects its global reach and commitment to making scientific knowledge accessible to diverse audiences. The magazine is distributed in 48 languages, with a circulation of approximately 280 million copies annually.

### Classification and Recognition
National Geographic is classified as both a magazine and a scientific journal. As a magazine, it is a type of periodical publication distributed at regular intervals, with a focus on mass media and cultural content. As a scientific journal, it is a subset of academic journals that emphasizes peer review and empirical research. National Geographic is recognized by UNESCO Thesaurus ID (concept15070) and Dewey Decimal Classification (050), indicating its scholarly significance. It is also maintained by WikiProject Academic Journals, ensuring accurate and up-to-date coverage.

### Notable Figures and Affiliations
National Geographic has been affiliated with notable figures such as Susan Goldberg, the first female Editor-In-Chief, and Jacques Ertaud, a French director and screenwriter. These affiliations have contributed to the magazine’s reputation for excellence in journalism and visual storytelling. The magazine’s content is also referenced in national libraries, such as Latvia’s 000352854 and 000067026, highlighting its bibliographic importance.

### Digital Presence and Accessibility
National Geographic content is accessible through its website, mobile apps, print editions, and digital subscriptions. This multi-platform approach ensures that readers can engage with the magazine’s content in various formats, enhancing its reach and impact. The magazine’s digital presence has been further strengthened by its partnership with The Walt Disney Company, which has expanded its multimedia offerings.

### Historical Context and Evolution
National Geographic has a long history dating back to 1888, when it was founded by the National Geographic Society. Over the years, the magazine has evolved to meet the changing needs of its audience, incorporating new technologies and editorial standards. Its commitment to accuracy and scientific rigor has made it a trusted source for both experts and the general public.

### Technical Specifications and Identifiers
National Geographic is published under the ISSN 0027-9358 (print) and 1044-6613 (online). It has a circulation of approximately 280 million copies annually, reflecting its widespread distribution. The magazine is also referenced by various identifiers, including GND ID (4335285-6), Freebase ID (/m/01hddb), and BabelNet ID (00052671n), ensuring accurate and consistent referencing in academic and cultural contexts.

### Related Entities and Connections
National Geographic is connected to various related entities, including The Walt Disney Company, Kompas Gramedia Group, and the National Geographic Society. It has also been affiliated with notable figures such as Melville Bell Grosvenor, Susan Goldberg, John G. Morris, Stephanie Sinclair, and Jacques Ertaud. These connections highlight the magazine’s role as a leading authority in the fields of geography, history, nature, and science.

### Conclusion
National Geographic is a monthly magazine that plays a crucial role in advancing scientific knowledge and public education. By combining high-quality photography, in-depth reporting, and peer-reviewed content, it bridges the gap between complex scientific research and general audiences. Its rigorous editorial standards, global reach, and partnerships with leading organizations and individuals have cemented its position as a trusted source for both experts and the general public. As a global publication, National Geographic influences cultural narratives, promotes environmental awareness, and fosters a deeper understanding of the natural world. Its long history and commitment to accuracy make it a leading authority in the fields of geography, history, nature, and science.

## References

1. Integrated Authority File
2. Biodiversity Heritage Library
3. WorldCat
4. SUDOC
5. National Collective Archive of Periodicals
6. Scopus
7. [Source](https://d-nb.info/gnd/4335285-6/about/lds)
8. Virtual International Authority File
9. CiNii
10. [Source](https://onesearch.unisi.it:443/39SBS_V1:AllResources:39sbart_almap990003347560203297)
11. [Source](http://h92010.eos-intl.net/H92010/OPAC/Details/Record.aspx?BibCode=107398289)
12. [Library of Congress Online Catalog](https://lccn.loc.gov/14007038)
13. [Library of Congress Online Catalog](https://lccn.loc.gov/87657516)
14. ISSN Portal
15. [Source](https://lingualibre.fr/wiki/Q205357)
16. [Source](http://www.coverbrowser.com/covers/national-geographic)
17. Freebase Data Dumps. 2013
18. [Source](https://permalink.obvsg.at/AC00621633)
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21. [Source](https://opac.k10plus.de/DB=2.299/PPNSET?PPN=129081396)
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27. OPAC SBN
28. [Source](https://gateway-bayern.de/BV002529282)
29. Google News
30. Microsoft Academic
31. [Source](http://swb.bsz-bw.de/DB=2.1/PRS=rdf/PPNSET?PPN=129081396)
32. Publons
33. [All the Tropes](https://allthetropes.org/w/index.php?title=National_Geographic&redirect=no)
34. Muck Rack