# National Cancer Institute

> US research institute, part of National Institutes of Health

**Wikidata**: [Q664846](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q664846)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Cancer_Institute)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/national-cancer-institute

## Summary
The National Cancer Institute (NCI) is a United States research institute and the federal government's principal agency for cancer research and training. Established in 1937, it is part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and is headquartered in Bethesda, Maryland. The NCI conducts and supports research into the causes, diagnosis, prevention, and cure of cancer.

## Key Facts
-   **Official Name:** National Cancer Institute (NCI)
-   **Type:** Research Institute
-   **Parent Organization:** United States National Institutes of Health (NIH)
-   **Founded:** August 5, 1937, by Franklin Delano Roosevelt via the National Cancer Institute Act.
-   **Headquarters:** Bethesda, Maryland, United States.
-   **Primary Field of Work:** Cancer and Oncology.
-   **Current Director:** Norman Sharpless (in role since at least 2017).
-   **Website:** https://www.cancer.gov/
-   **Contact:** +1-800-422-6237

## FAQs
### Q: What is the National Cancer Institute?
A: The National Cancer Institute (NCI) is the primary federal agency for cancer research and training in the United States. It is part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH).

### Q: When was the National Cancer Institute founded?
A: The NCI was founded on August 5, 1937, through the National Cancer Institute Act, signed by President Franklin Delano Roosevelt.

### Q: Where is the National Cancer Institute located?
A: The NCI is headquartered in Bethesda, Maryland. Its director's office is located in Building 31 on the NIH campus.

### Q: Who leads the National Cancer Institute?
A: The institute is led by a Director. The current director is Norman Sharpless, who assumed the role in 2017.

## Why It Matters
The National Cancer Institute is the nation's lead federal agency for cancer research. Since its establishment in 1937, it has been responsible for coordinating the National Cancer Program, which supports and conducts research, training, and health information dissemination. The NCI plays a critical role in advancing scientific knowledge about cancer, leading to better prevention, detection, diagnosis, and treatment of the disease. It funds thousands of researchers across the United States and internationally, and its initiatives have been pivotal in reducing the burden of cancer on society.

## Notable For
-   **Principal Federal Agency:** Designated by Congress as the federal government's principal agency for cancer research and training.
-   **Comprehensive Research Network:** Maintains a vast network of divisions and programs, including the Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research and the Division of Cancer Prevention.
-   **Public Resource:** Provides extensive public information on cancer through its website (cancer.gov) and the Cancer Information Service.
-   **Historical Foundation:** One of the oldest components of the National Institutes of Health, established before the NIH's modern expansion.

## Body

### Founding and Mission
The National Cancer Institute (NCI) was established on August 5, 1937, through the National Cancer Institute Act (Public Law 244). It was founded by U.S. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt. The foundational text of the organization states that the NCI is the federal government’s principal agency for conducting research and training on the cause, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer. It is formally classified as a research institute.

### Organizational Structure
The NCI is a component of the United States National Institutes of Health (NIH), which is its parent organization. It is also affiliated with the United States Public Health Service. The institute is headquartered in Bethesda, Maryland, with its Office of the Director located in Building 31. The NCI comprises numerous subsidiaries and divisions, including:
-   Center for Cancer Research
-   Division of Cancer Prevention
-   Center for Strategic Scientific Initiatives
-   Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research
-   NCI Community Oncology Research Program
-   Carolina Institute for NanoMedicine
-   North Central Cancer Treatment Group
-   Cancer Information Service

### Leadership
The NCI is managed by a Director and a Chairperson.
-   **Director:** Norman Sharpless is the current director. He has held the position since June 10, 2017.
-   **Past Leadership:** Harold E. Varmus served as chairperson from 2010 to 2015, followed by Douglas R. Lowy from 2015 to 2017. Norman Sharpless succeeded Douglas R. Lowy.

### Public Engagement and Contact
The NCI provides a wide range of information to the public. Its official website is `https://www.cancer.gov/`, with a Spanish-language version at `https://www.cancer.gov/espanol`. The institute operates a telephone information service at `+1-800-422-6237`. It maintains a presence on various social media platforms, including Twitter (`@theNCI`), Facebook (`cancer.gov`), Instagram, LinkedIn, and YouTube.

### Identifiers and Classifications
The National Cancer Institute is cataloged in numerous international databases and authority files.
-   **GRID ID:** grid.48336.3a
-   **ROR ID:** 040gcmg81
-   **ISNI:** 0000000419368075
-   **Library of Congress Authority ID:** n79107940
-   **Open Funder Registry ID:** 100000054
-   **UMLS CUI:** C1513882
-   **Ringgold ID:** 3421

The institute's field of work is categorized as cancer and oncology, and it is also interested in cancer research and training.

## References

1. National Cancer Institute Act Text of the Act of August 5, 1937, creating the National Cancer Institute and authorizing an appropriation therefor
2. [Source](https://ned.nih.gov/search/ViewDetails.aspx?NIHID=2002045786)
3. GRID Release 2017-01-10
4. CiNii
5. CiNii Research
6. Facebook
7. [Source](https://www.cancer.gov/about-nci/legislative/history/national-cancer-act-1937)
8. [Source](https://www.cancer.gov/about-nci/leadership/nci-deputy-director)
9. [NCI Director Dr. Norman E. Sharpless](https://www.cancer.gov/about-nci/leadership/director)
10. [Facebook](https://www.facebook.com/127165553989732/posts/376567595716192/)
11. Freebase Data Dumps. 2013
12. National Library of Israel
13. Virtual International Authority File
14. Faceted Application of Subject Terminology
15. Google Knowledge Graph
16. GRID Release 2015-12-14
17. GRID Release 2016-12-06
18. UMLS 2023
19. HAL
20. National Cancer Institute - RationalWiki. RationalWiki
21. KBpedia
22. YouTube API