# Natalia Pushkina

> wife of Russian poet Alexander Pushkin (1812–1863)

**Wikidata**: [Q274331](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274331)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natalia_Pushkina)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/natalia-pushkina

## Summary
Natalia Pushkina (1812–1863) was a Russian socialite and celebrity best known as the wife of the renowned Russian poet Alexander Pushkin. Born Natalia Nikolaevna Goncharova, she became a prominent figure in the upper-class society of the Russian Empire during the 19th century. Her life and marriage are historically significant due to her connection to one of Russia's greatest literary figures.

## Biography
- **Born:** August 27, 1812
- **Nationality:** Russian (Citizenship: Russian Empire)
- **Education:** Not specified in source material
- **Known for:** Being the wife of Russian poet Alexander Pushkin
- **Employer(s):** Not applicable (Socialite/Celebrity)
- **Field(s):** Socialite, Celebrity

## Contributions
The provided source material does not list specific professional contributions, publications, inventions, or organizations founded by Natalia Pushkina. Her primary documented role in the source text is her status as the spouse of Alexander Pushkin and her presence as a socialite and celebrity within the Russian Empire.

## FAQs
**Who was Natalia Pushkina?**
Natalia Pushkina was a Russian socialite and celebrity born in 1812 who is historically recognized as the wife of the famous poet Alexander Pushkin. She lived during the era of the Russian Empire and is identified in historical records under various names including Natalia Nikolaevna Goncharova and Natalia Nikolaevna Pushkina-Lanskaya.

**What was her nationality and citizenship?**
She held citizenship in the Russian Empire, a sovereign state that existed from 1721 until 1917. As a member of the upper class, she was part of the society within this transcontinental empire that spanned Eurasia and North America.

**What names was she known by?**
Throughout her life and in historical records, she has been referred to by several aliases, including Nataliya Nikolaevna Pushkina-Lanskaya, Nataliya Nikolaevna Goncharova, Nataliya Goncharova, and Natalia Nikolayevna Pushkina. Her native label was Наталья Николаевна Гончарова.

**When did she live?**
Natalia Pushkina was born on August 27, 1812, and died on November 26, 1863. Her life spanned the height of the Russian Empire, a period that included the reigns of multiple monarchs from Alexander I to Nicholas II.

## Why They Matter
Natalia Pushkina matters primarily as a central figure in the personal life of Alexander Pushkin, whose literary legacy defines much of Russian culture. As a socialite and celebrity of the Russian Empire, she represents the upper-class society of the 19th century, a world that influenced the social context in which Pushkin wrote. Her life intersects with the broader history of the Russian Empire, a dominant global power that shaped the geopolitical landscape of Europe, Asia, and North America. Without her connection to Pushkin, the biographical narrative of one of the world's most celebrated poets would lack a key personal dimension.

## Notable For
- Being the wife of the Russian poet Alexander Pushkin (1812–1863).
- Holding the status of a socialite and celebrity in the Russian Empire.
- Being born in 1812 and dying in 1863, a period covering significant imperial history.
- Being identified by multiple aliases including Natalia Nikolaevna Goncharova and Natalia Pushkina-Lanskaya.
- Having a presence in numerous international databases and encyclopedias, including the Encyclopædia Britannica and the Great Russian Encyclopedia.
- Being associated with the Russian Orthodox Church, the official religion of the empire during her lifetime.

## Body
### Early Life and Identity
Natalia Pushkina was born on August 27, 1812, into the Russian Empire. Her full name at birth was Natalia Nikolaevna Goncharova. She is classified as a human, a socialite, and a celebrity. Her citizenship was that of the Russian Empire, a state that existed from 1721 to 1917. The empire was a transcontinental country situated in Eurasia and North America, with its capital primarily in Saint Petersburg. During her lifetime, the empire was ruled by a succession of monarchs, including Alexander I, Nicholas I, Alexander II, and Alexander III.

### Marriage and Social Status
Her primary historical role is defined by her marriage to Alexander Pushkin, a celebrated Russian poet. This union made her a figure of public fascination and placed her within the upper echelons of society. As a socialite, she commanded a degree of public attention typical of celebrities of her time. The source material identifies her occupation as a socialite and celebrity, with no specific professional employment listed. Her life was intertwined with the cultural and social fabric of the Russian Empire, which was an absolute monarchy until 1905 and a constitutional monarchy thereafter.

### Historical Context and Empire
Natalia Pushkina lived during a transformative period in Russian history. The Russian Empire, founded by Peter the Great in 1721, was a dominant global power spanning three continents. At its height in 1865, the empire covered 23.7 million square kilometers. The official language was Russian, though Polish, Finnish, and Swedish held official status in specific regions. The official religion was the Russian Orthodox Church. The empire participated in major conflicts such as the Napoleonic Wars, the Crimean War, and World War I. It was dissolved on September 1, 1917, following the February Revolution and the abolition of the monarchy, replaced by the Russian Republic.

### Names and Aliases
Throughout historical records, Natalia Pushkina is referenced by various names and aliases. These include Nataliya Nikolaevna Pushkina-Lanskaya, Nataliya Nikolaevna Goncharova, Nataliya Goncharova, Nataliya Nikolaevna Pushkina, and Natalia Nikolayevna Pushkina-Lanskaya. In Russian, her name is written as Наталья Николаевна Гончарова. These variations reflect her maiden name (Goncharova) and her married names (Pushkina and Pushkina-Lanskaya).

### Digital and Archival Presence
Natalia Pushkina is documented in numerous authoritative databases and encyclopedias. She is listed in the Encyclopædia Britannica 11th edition, the Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary, and the Great Russian Encyclopedia. She has unique identifiers across various systems, including Library of Congress Authority ID (n81040694), Bibliothèque nationale de France ID (13543885d), and VIAF ID (247149066396265601002). Her Wikidata ID is Q1200112, and she has a sitelink count of 31 across Wikipedia. Her image, "Natalia Pushkina by Brullov.jpg," is cataloged under property P18.

### Life Dates and Demographics
She was born on August 27, 1812, and died on November 26, 1863. Her life spanned the reigns of several Russian emperors, including Nicholas I (1825–1855) and Alexander II (1855–1881). The population of the Russian Empire during her lifetime grew significantly, reaching 125,640,021 in 1897 and 181,537,800 in 1916. The most populous urban area during her era was Saint Petersburg, which served as the de facto and de jure capital for most of the empire's existence.

### Cultural and Religious Affiliation
As a resident of the Russian Empire, Natalia Pushkina was part of a society where the official religion was the Russian Orthodox Church (Eastern Orthodoxy). The empire's culture was defined by the Russian language, with regional variations in Poland and Finland. The state symbols included the anthem "God Save the Tsar!" (1833–1917) and the White-Blue-Red flag. Her life as a socialite would have been deeply embedded in the courtly and religious traditions of the empire, which was a member of the Holy Alliance.

### Legacy and Historical Record
Natalia Pushkina's legacy is preserved through extensive archival records and digital identifiers. She is referenced in the Jewish Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron, the Armenian Soviet Encyclopedia, and the Nordisk familjebok. Her entry in various databases includes specific codes such as GND ID (10892611X) and ISNI (0000000114747509). The source material emphasizes her role as the wife of Alexander Pushkin, ensuring her place in literary and social history. Her death in 1863 occurred while the Russian Empire was still a major global power, shortly before the sale of Russian America to the United States in 1867.

## References

1. [Source](http://www.allmusic.com/artist/alexander-pushkin-mn0001543494/biography)
2. Integrated Authority File
3. Source
4. International Standard Name Identifier
5. Virtual International Authority File
6. Freebase Data Dumps. 2013
7. CERL Thesaurus
8. [LIBRIS. 2012](https://libris.kb.se/katalogisering/b8nqm0jv4rftmnn)
9. FactGrid
10. Sejm-Wielki.pl