# Motivation for PhD studies: Scale development and validation

> Research article (Learning and Individual Differences, 2015) · cited 140× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W365709488](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W365709488)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/motivation-for-phd-studies-scale-development-and-validation