# Mohammad Ali Jinnah

> politician and the founder of Pakistan (1876–1948)

**Wikidata**: [Q160554](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160554)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_Jinnah)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/mohammad-ali-jinnah

## Summary
Mohammad Ali Jinnah (1876–1948) was a Pakistani politician and lawyer best known as the founder of Pakistan. He is widely remembered for his central role in the creation of the sovereign state of Pakistan (inception: 1947-08-14) and is commonly known by aliases such as Quaid-e-Azam and Baba-e-Qaum.

## Biography
- Born: 1876 (died 1948)
- Nationality: Pakistan
- Education: Cathedral and John Connon School; University of Oxford; Lincoln's Inn
- Known for: Founder of Pakistan (politician and statesman)
- Employer(s): Muslim League; Dawn; Dawn Media Group; affiliated institutions include University of Oxford, Lincoln's Inn, Cathedral and John Connon School
- Field(s): Politics; law (lawyer, barrister); freedom movement/freedom fighter

## Contributions
- Founder of Pakistan: Credited as the founder of the sovereign state of Pakistan, which has an inception date of 1947-08-14. This is the primary concrete political outcome associated with him in the source material.
- Namesakes and institutional legacy (posthumous, concrete outcomes bearing his name):
  - Jinnah International Airport — international airport of Pakistan (country: Pakistan; sitelink_count: 42).
  - Jinnah Antarctic Station — Pakistani Antarctic scientific research station (inception: 1991-01-15T00:00:00Z; sitelink_count: 17).
  - Mohammad Ali Jinnah University — private university in Karachi, Pakistan (inception: 1998; country: Pakistan; headquarters: Karachi; sitelink_count: 5).
  - Jinnah Bridge — bridge in Pakistan (country: Pakistan; sitelink_count: 5).
  - Cinnah Caddesi — avenue in Ankara, Turkey (country: Turkey; sitelink_count: 6).
  - Quaid-e-Azam Solar Park — photovoltaic power station in Pakistan (inception: 2014; country: Pakistan; sitelink_count: 6).
  - Quaid-e-Azam Medical College — medical school in Punjab, Pakistan (inception: 1971; sitelink_count: 6).
  - Jinnah Award — Jinnah Society award (sitelink_count not specified).
- Public record and web presence:
  - Official website listed: http://majinnah.com.pk
- Metadata and cataloging:
  - Aliases recorded: Mohammed Ali Jinnah; Quaid-e-Azam; Baba-e-Qaum; Muhammad Ali Jinnah; Qaid-e-Azam.
  - Wikipedia title in source material: "Muhammad Ali Jinnah".
  - Wikidata description in source material: "politician and the founder of Pakistan (1876–1948)".
  - Wikidata sitelink_count for the entity: 109.

## FAQs
Q: Who was Mohammad Ali Jinnah?
A: Mohammad Ali Jinnah was a Pakistani politician and lawyer credited as the founder of Pakistan (1876–1948), widely known by honorifics such as Quaid-e-Azam and Baba-e-Qaum.

Q: What major political outcome is attributed to Mohammad Ali Jinnah?
A: He is credited with founding the sovereign state of Pakistan, which has an inception date of 1947-08-14.

Q: Where did Mohammad Ali Jinnah receive his education?
A: The source lists Cathedral and John Connon School, the University of Oxford, and Lincoln's Inn as his educational affiliations.

Q: Which organizations and entities are associated with Mohammad Ali Jinnah in the source?
A: Associated organizations and key entities in the source include the Muslim League, the Dawn newspaper, and the Dawn Media Group; affiliated institutions include the University of Oxford, Lincoln's Inn, and Cathedral and John Connon School.

Q: What places or institutions are named after Mohammad Ali Jinnah?
A: Multiple landmarks and institutions bear his name, including Jinnah International Airport, Jinnah Antarctic Station, Mohammad Ali Jinnah University, Jinnah Bridge, Cinnah Caddesi (Ankara), Quaid-e-Azam Solar Park, Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, and the Jinnah Award.

Q: What aliases and alternate names are recorded for him?
A: Recorded aliases include Mohammed Ali Jinnah; Quaid-e-Azam; Baba-e-Qaum; Muhammad Ali Jinnah; Qaid-e-Azam.

Q: Is there an official website for information about Mohammad Ali Jinnah?
A: Yes, the source lists http://majinnah.com.pk as a website associated with Mohammad Ali Jinnah.

## Why They Matter
Mohammad Ali Jinnah matters primarily because he is identified in the source material as the founder of Pakistan, a sovereign state established on 1947-08-14. The creation of Pakistan is a foundational geopolitical event in South Asia; as the credited founder, Jinnah's name is attached to the nation's origin. His impact is also evidenced by the large number of institutions, infrastructure projects, educational bodies, and awards named in his honor across Pakistan and beyond, indicating enduring public recognition and institutional legacy. Without his role as founder, the formal political formation referenced by the 1947 inception date and many subsequent Pakistani institutions that commemorate him would not carry the same historical association.

## Notable For
- Being described in the source as "politician and the founder of Pakistan (1876–1948)".
- Aliases and honorifics: Quaid-e-Azam; Baba-e-Qaum; Mohammed Ali Jinnah; Muhammad Ali Jinnah; Qaid-e-Azam.
- Educational affiliations: Cathedral and John Connon School; University of Oxford; Lincoln's Inn.
- Legal background indicated by classification as lawyer and barrister.
- Associations with major organizations listed as key people: Muslim League, the Dawn newspaper, and Dawn Media Group.
- Multiple major Pakistani and international landmarks and institutions named after him (airport, Antarctic station, university, bridge, avenue in Ankara, solar park, medical college, award).
- Official website: http://majinnah.com.pk.
- Cataloging metadata: Wikipedia title "Muhammad Ali Jinnah"; Wikidata sitelink_count 109.

## Body

### Early life and identity
- Birth and death years: The source situates Mohammad Ali Jinnah's lifespan as 1876–1948.
- Identity tags: Described objectively as a human, a politician, and a lawyer/barrister in source classifications. He is also associated with the term "freedom fighter" in related items.

### Education and legal qualification
- Cathedral and John Connon School: Listed among his educational affiliations; this institution was established circa 1860 and is located in South Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
- University of Oxford: Listed as an affiliated institution; the university's inception is noted in the source as circa 1096.
- Lincoln's Inn: Included among affiliations; Lincoln's Inn is one of the four Inns of Court in London with inception around 1444.
- Legal profession: The source classifies him under "lawyer" and "barrister," indicating legal training and association with court practice norms where barristers operate.

### Political role and the founding of Pakistan
- Founder of Pakistan: The source explicitly identifies him as "the founder of Pakistan." Pakistan is characterized in the material as a sovereign state in South Asia with inception date 1947-08-14.
- Contextual backdrop: The British Raj (British colonial rule on the Indian subcontinent) is included among related entities (inception: 1858–1947), situating the geopolitical era in which Pakistan's creation occurred.

### Organizational associations and key people
- Muslim League: Listed as a key entity connected to Mohammad Ali Jinnah; the Muslim League in the source has inception dated 1947-08-14 and is identified as a Pakistani political party.
- Dawn and Dawn Media Group: Both appear in the source as key people/organizations associated with Jinnah. Dawn is an English-language Pakistani newspaper (inception: 1941-10-26; headquarters: Karachi). Dawn Media Group is listed with inception 1947-02-01 and is headquartered in Karachi.
- Academic and legal affiliations: The University of Oxford and Lincoln's Inn are listed under affiliations and education, signaling ties to prominent educational and legal institutions.

### Legacy: namesakes, institutions, and honors
- Jinnah International Airport: Identified in the source as the international airport of Pakistan.
- Jinnah Antarctic Station: A Pakistani Antarctic scientific research station is named after him, with an inception date given as 1991-01-15.
- Mohammad Ali Jinnah University: A private university in Karachi that bears his name; inception 1998; country listed as Pakistan; headquarters in Karachi.
- Jinnah Bridge: A bridge in Pakistan named after him.
- Cinnah Caddesi: An avenue in Ankara, Turkey that carries a form of his name.
- Quaid-e-Azam Solar Park: A photovoltaic power station in Pakistan named using his honorific; inception recorded as 2014.
- Quaid-e-Azam Medical College: A medical school in Punjab, Pakistan with inception given as 1971.
- Jinnah Award: An award associated with the Jinnah Society and named for him.
- These namesakes indicate institutional commemoration across sectors including transportation, education, scientific research, healthcare education, energy, and civic infrastructure.

### Metadata, aliases, and public presence
- Aliases: The source records multiple variants of his name and honorifics: Mohammed Ali Jinnah; Quaid-e-Azam; Baba-e-Qaum; Muhammad Ali Jinnah; Qaid-e-Azam.
- Online presence: The source lists a website associated with him: http://majinnah.com.pk.
- Cataloging entries: The entity has a Wikipedia title "Muhammad Ali Jinnah" and a Wikidata description summarizing him as a "politician and the founder of Pakistan (1876–1948)." The entity's Wikidata sitelink_count in the source is 109.

### Related entities and contextual items
- British Raj: The colonial-era polity (1858–1947) appears in the related items and frames the historical period.
- Fabian Society: Included in related items (inception: 1884); present as a related organization in the source material.
- Broader classifications: The source groups him with general classes such as "human," "lawyer," "barrister," "freedom fighter," and "politician," reflecting multiple facets of his recorded identity.
- Sitelink counts and referencing: Several related and namesake entities show their own sitelink_counts in the source material, indicating their presence in linked data (for example Pakistan sitelink_count 350; Jinnah International Airport sitelink_count 42; Jinnah Antarctic Station sitelink_count 17).

### Summary of verifiable facts from source
- Lifespan: 1876–1948.
- Described role: Politician and founder of Pakistan.
- Pakistan inception date: 1947-08-14.
- Educational and legal affiliations: Cathedral and John Connon School; University of Oxford; Lincoln's Inn.
- Organizational associations in source: Muslim League; Dawn; Dawn Media Group.
- Extensive legacy through namesakes: airport, Antarctic station (1991-01-15), university (1998), bridge, avenue (Cinnah Caddesi), solar park (2014), medical college (1971), and an award.
- Public record items: website (http://majinnah.com.pk), aliases, Wikipedia and Wikidata metadata.

(End of entry. All statements above are limited to facts and connections explicitly present in the provided source material.)

## References

1. BnF authorities
2. Genealogics
3. [Source](https://books.google.com/books?id=GQTABKAGaVgC&pg=PA61)
4. [Encyclopædia Britannica Online](https://www.britannica.com/biography/Mohammed-Ali-Jinnah)
5. [Source](https://books.google.com/books?id=iekF9X3OwwMC&pg=PA173)
6. International Standard Name Identifier
7. Virtual International Authority File
8. CiNii Research
9. SNAC
10. Find a Grave
11. Brockhaus Enzyklopädie
12. Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana
13. AlKindi
14. Proleksis Encyclopedia
15. Croatian Encyclopedia
16. Munzinger Personen
17. Great Norwegian Encyclopedia
18. Freebase Data Dumps. 2013
19. BBC Things
20. LIBRIS. 2012
21. [Source](https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/cinnah-muhammed-ali)
22. Catalogo of the National Library of India