# Model-free and time-constant prediction for closed-loop systems with time delay

> Research article (Control Engineering Practice, 2018) · cited 13× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W2890945151](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W2890945151)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/model-free-and-time-constant-prediction-for-closed-loop-systems-with-time-delay