# Maximiliano Hernández Martínez

> president of El Salvador (1882–1966)

**Wikidata**: [Q319419](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q319419)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximiliano_Hernández_Martínez)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/maximiliano-hernandez-martinez

## Summary
Maximiliano Hernández Martínez was a Salvadoran military officer and politician who served as the President of El Salvador from 1931 until 1944. Born in 1882 and dying in 1966, he is historically defined by his long tenure as a dictator who led the country through the National Pro Patria Party. His rule is a significant chapter in El Salvador's history, marking a period of authoritarian governance within the Central American republic.

## Biography
- **Born:** October 21, 1882
- **Nationality:** Salvadoran (Citizenship: El Salvador)
- **Education:** Not specified in the provided source material.
- **Known for:** Serving as the President of El Salvador and leading the National Pro Patria Party.
- **Employer(s):** Government of El Salvador (as President), Military of El Salvador (as an officer).
- **Field(s):** Politics, Military Leadership.

## Contributions
Based strictly on the provided source material, specific details regarding publications, patents, companies founded, or specific legislative acts authored by Maximiliano Hernández Martínez are not listed. The source material identifies his primary contribution as his leadership role as President of El Salvador and his affiliation with the National Pro Patria Party, which was established in 1931. His tenure represents a significant period in the political history of the sovereign state, though the text does not enumerate specific policy outcomes or projects he personally built or discovered.

## FAQs
**Who was Maximiliano Hernández Martínez?**
He was a Salvadoran military officer and politician who held the office of President of El Salvador. His life spanned from 1882 to 1966, during which he became a central figure in the nation's political landscape.

**What political party did Maximiliano Hernández Martínez lead?**
He was associated with the National Pro Patria Party, a political entity in El Salvador that was founded in 1931. This party served as a key vehicle for his political influence during his presidency.

**When did Maximiliano Hernández Martínez live?**
He was born on October 21, 1882, and passed away on May 15, 1966. His life covered a significant portion of the 20th century, coinciding with major shifts in Central American history.

**What was his primary role in El Salvador?**
His most prominent role was serving as the President of El Salvador. He also held the rank of military officer, indicating a background in the armed forces before or during his political ascent.

## Why They Matter
Maximiliano Hernández Martínez matters as a defining figure in the political history of El Salvador, a sovereign state in Central America. His leadership period represents a specific era of governance that shaped the country's trajectory during the early to mid-20th century. As a head of state, his actions and the stability of his regime influenced the nation's relationship with its neighbors, Honduras and Guatemala, and its internal development. His tenure is a critical data point for understanding the evolution of the presidential system and the representative democracy in El Salvador, which later transitioned to include figures like Nayib Bukele. His legacy is tied to the National Pro Patria Party, an institution that played a role in the country's political structure during the 1930s and beyond.

## Notable For
- Serving as the President of El Salvador during a significant period of the 20th century.
- Leading the National Pro Patria Party, which was established in 1931.
- Being a military officer who transitioned into high-level political office.
- Holding the office of the head of state and government in a republic with a presidential system.
- Being a citizen of El Salvador, a country known for its motto "Dios, Unión, Libertad."
- Living through the era when El Salvador was a member of the United Nations and the Organization of American States.

## Body

### Early Life and Identity
Maximiliano Hernández Martínez was a human being and a member of the genus Homo sapiens. He was born on October 21, 1882, and died on May 15, 1966. His citizenship was El Salvador, a sovereign state located in Central America. He is identified in various databases with unique identifiers, including Wikidata ID Q123fd4a4-aa24-4c83-a1b8-713bb53452bb and Library of Congress control number n88110124. His name appears in multiple languages, including the Korean alias 막시밀리아노 에르난데스 마르티네스. He is categorized under the occupations of politician and military officer.

### Political Career and Leadership
Martínez served as the President of El Salvador, a role that combines the duties of head of state and head of government within the country's presidential system. His leadership was closely tied to the National Pro Patria Party, a political party in El Salvador that came into existence in 1931. The country he led is a representative democracy and a republic, with its capital in San Salvador. During his time in office, the nation maintained its status as a member of international organizations such as the United Nations (since 1945) and the Organization of American States (since 1948). The political structure of El Salvador includes a Legislative Assembly and an Executive body, which Martínez would have led as President.

### Military Background
Before or concurrent with his political rise, Martínez was a military officer. This role placed him within the armed forces or uniformed services of El Salvador, holding a position of authority. The military background of leaders like Martínez is a common feature in the political history of the region. His dual identity as both a military officer and a politician (Q82955, Q189290) highlights the intersection of defense and governance in El Salvador during his era.

### Historical Context of El Salvador
The country Martínez led, El Salvador, is the smallest and most densely populated nation in Central America. It covers an area of 21,041 square kilometers and shares borders with Honduras to the northeast and Guatemala to the northwest. The nation's inception as a sovereign state occurred on February 2, 1841, replacing the "State of El Salvador" in 1842. The country uses the United States dollar and Bitcoin as currency, though these specific economic shifts occurred after Martínez's death. The official language is Spanish, and the national motto is "Dios, Unión, Libertad" (God, Unity, Freedom). The country's time zone is UTC−06:00, and it uses the calling code +503.

### Legacy and Recognition
Maximiliano Hernández Martínez is recognized in historical records and digital archives. He has a dedicated Wikipedia page and is listed in the Wikidata database with the description "president of El Salvador (1882–1966)." His life and work are cataloged with various identifiers, including ISNI (0000000453047582), VIAF (55700231), and GND (118860070). He received awards, though the specific names of these awards are referenced by their entity IDs (Q17366068, Q17365974) in the source data. His image is preserved in files such as "General Maximiliano Hernández Martínez, President of El Salvador.jpg."

### Administrative and Geographic Scope
The El Salvador that Martínez governed is divided into 14 departments, including Ahuachapán, San Salvador, and Santa Ana. The nation's infrastructure includes a voltage of 115V at 60Hz and emergency numbers like 911. The country's geography ranges from sea level to the highest point at Cerro El Pital. Martínez's tenure occurred before the country adopted Bitcoin as legal tender in 2021 or the US Dollar in 2001, but his leadership contributed to the historical continuity of the state that eventually made these economic decisions. The population of El Salvador has grown significantly since his death, rising from 2.77 million in 1960 to over 6 million in 2024.

## References

1. general catalog of BnF
2. Virtual International Authority File
3. [Source](https://www.elsalvadormipais.com/maximiliano-hernandez-martinez)
4. Freebase Data Dumps. 2013