# Maryland

> state of the United States of America

**Wikidata**: [Q1391](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1391)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/maryland

## Summary
Maryland is a U.S. state in the Mid-Atlantic and South Atlantic regions of the United States. It was admitted to the Union on 1788-04-28, has geographic coordinates near latitude 39° N and longitude −76.7° W, and its capital city is Annapolis.

## Key Facts
- Official aliases: State of Maryland; Maryland; United States; MD; Md.; Old Line State; US-MD.
- Official website: https://www.maryland.gov/
- Inception (statehood): 1788-04-28.
- Coordinates (approximate center): latitude 39, longitude −76.7.
- Wikidata description: "state of the United States of America".
- Wikipedia title: Maryland.
- Sitelink count in source data: 227.
- Population values present in source data (multiple recorded figures): 5,928,814; 6,006,401; 6,045,680; 6,177,224; 6,165,129; 5,773,552; 5,296,486; 4,781,468; 4,216,975; 3,922,399; 3,100,689; 2,343,001; 1,821,244; 1,631,526; 1,449,661; 1,295,346. 
- Capital city: Annapolis (also county seat of Anne Arundel County; inception listed as 1649).
- Major city listed: Baltimore (inception listed as 1729).
- Maryland was preceded by the Province of Maryland (inception: 1632-06-20).
- Part of: contiguous United States (the 48 states + D.C. excluding Alaska and Hawaii), South Atlantic states (U.S. Census Bureau division), and the Mid-Atlantic region.
- Regions/peninsulas associated: Delmarva Peninsula; Eastern Shore of Maryland; Tidewater.
- Chesapeake Bay: an estuary that lies in Maryland and other jurisdictions; Maryland is linked to the Chesapeake Bay.
- Mountain ranges and physiographic features associated with Maryland: Allegheny Mountains; Blue Ridge Mountains; Appalachian Mountains; Appalachian Plateau; Ridge-and-Valley Appalachians; Piedmont; South Mountain; Dans Mountain; Catoctin Mountain.
- Rivers and water features listed in Maryland: Susquehanna River; Patapsco River; Monocacy River; Gunpowder River; Youghiogheny River; Antietam Creek; Conococheague Creek; Conowingo Dam (on a Maryland watercourse).
- State transit, rail, and highway systems and services connected with Maryland: Maryland Transit Administration (inception 1970-04-30); MARC commuter rail (inception 1984-01-01); Amtrak services mentioned that run through or serve routes connected to Maryland: Palmetto (inception 1976-06-15), Carolinian (inceptions 1990-05-12 and 1984-10-28), Acela (inception 2000-12-11), Northeast Regional (inception 1995-10-28), Cardinal (inception 1977-10-30), Crescent (inception 1979-02-01), Silver Meteor (inception 1939-02-02), and National (Royal Blue, historical).
- Major Interstate highways listed that run in Maryland: Interstate 70 (inception +1956), Interstate 83 (inception +1959), Interstate 95 (inception +1956), Interstate 81 (inception +1957), Interstate 695 (inception +1958).
- U.S. Numbered Highways listed for Maryland: U.S. Route 1 (inception +1926), U.S. Route 11, U.S. Route 29 (inception +1926), U.S. Route 40 (inception +1926), U.S. Route 50 (inception +1926).
- Notable federal and cultural institutions in Maryland listed: United States Naval Academy (inception 1845-10-10; headquarters ); Johns Hopkins University (inception 1876; headquartered in Baltimore; employees listed as 19,469 at a referenced point in time); United States National Agricultural Library (inception 1862-01-01; headquarters ); National Cryptologic Museum (inception 1993-01-01); American Visionary Art Museum (inception 1995-01-01; headquarters ); Baltimore Symphony Orchestra (inception 1916).
- Higher education system: University System of Maryland (inception 1988; headquarters , ; employees listed as 16,555 and 40,046 in different entries).
- National and historic trails: Appalachian Trail (passes through multiple states including Maryland); Potomac Heritage Trail; Star-Spangled Banner National Historic Trail (inception 2008-05-08).
- Protected or special-purpose zones: United States National Radio Quiet Zone (inception 1958; includes lands in Maryland).
- Transportation facilities (airports and airparks listed within Maryland): Salisbury–Ocean City–Wicomico Regional Airport; Cambridge–Dorchester Airport; Easton Airport; St. Mary's County Regional Airport; Clearview Airpark; Essex Skypark; Freeway Airport.
- Museums, cultural sites, and memorials: National Katyń Memorial (Baltimore); National Cryptologic Museum; American Visionary Art Museum.
- Counties (examples from source data, all designated as counties in Maryland): Anne Arundel County; Baltimore County; Montgomery County; Prince George's County; Wicomico County; Cecil County; Calvert County; Caroline County; Talbot County; St. Mary's County; Somerset County; Queen Anne's County; Allegany County; Garrett County; Harford County; Washington County; Frederick County; Howard County; Carroll County; Wicomico County; Kent County.
- Census-designated places and communities listed: Tall Timbers; Brown Station; Wildewood; Mercersville; Elliott; Williston; St. George Island; Melwood; Queen Anne; West Denton; Burnt Mills; Spring Ridge; Fairwood; Williston; Baitur Rehman (mosque in Silver Spring); Murugan Temple of North America; Cedar Heights; Carmody Hills-Pepper Mill Village; Honeygo; Flower Hill; Merced etc. (items are listed in source data as Maryland localities).
- Sports, events, and organized activities connected to Maryland: Maryland Cycling Classic (inception +2020; described as a road cycling race).
- Military, intelligence, and government-related presences listed: Special Collection Service (inception +1978); Marine Corps Cyberspace Command (inception 2010-01-21); United States Naval Academy (see above).
- Notable historic person connected via naming: Henrietta Maria of France (queen consort of England, Scotland, and Ireland), referenced in relation to the Province of Maryland.
- Predecessor political entity: Province of Maryland (inception 1632-06-20).
- Metropolitan and combined statistical areas linked with Maryland: Baltimore metropolitan area; Philadelphia metropolitan area (listed as related); Washington metropolitan area; Washington–Baltimore combined statistical area.
- Cultural events and organizations with connections in the source: Otakon (inception 1994), Good Charlotte (inception 1996), CoverGirl (inception 1961), FTI Consulting (inception 1982), Entomological Society of America (inception 1889).
- Numerous rail and historical train services are connected to Maryland's transportation network, including historic trains such as Royal Blue (inception circa 1890) and routes like Palmetto, Carolinian, Acela, and others listed above.

## FAQs
Q: Where is Maryland located and what larger U.S. regions does it belong to?
A: Maryland is a state in the United States located in the Mid-Atlantic and classified within the South Atlantic states by the U.S. Census Bureau. It is also part of the contiguous United States.

Q: When did Maryland become a U.S. state and what preceded it?
A: Maryland's statehood/inception date in the provided data is 1788-04-28. It was preceded by the Province of Maryland, a colonial entity with inception recorded as 1632-06-20.

Q: What is the capital and a major city of Maryland?
A: Annapolis is the state capital and the county seat of Anne Arundel County; Baltimore is a major city in Maryland.

Q: What are Maryland’s principal geographic features?
A: Maryland is associated with Chesapeake Bay and the Delmarva Peninsula and includes parts or associations with Appalachian physiographic provinces such as the Allegheny Mountains, Blue Ridge, Piedmont, Ridge-and-Valley, and Appalachian Plateau; notable local mountains include South Mountain, Catoctin Mountain, and Dans Mountain.

Q: What major rivers and water features are in Maryland?
A: Rivers and water features listed in the source include the Susquehanna River, Patapsco River, Monocacy River, Gunpowder River, Youghiogheny River, Antietam Creek, Conococheague Creek, and the Conowingo Dam; Chesapeake Bay is the principal estuary associated with Maryland.

Q: What transit systems and highways serve Maryland?
A: Maryland Transit Administration operates statewide transit services; MARC is the commuter rail system; major Interstate highways include I-70, I-83, I-95, I-81, and I-695; principal U.S. Routes include U.S. 1, 11, 29, 40, and 50. Multiple Amtrak services and regional rail lines named in the source operate routes connected to Maryland.

Q: What notable federal, cultural, and research institutions are located in Maryland?
A: Notable institutions in the source include the United States Naval Academy (Annapolis), Johns Hopkins University (Baltimore), United States National Agricultural Library, National Cryptologic Museum, and the American Visionary Art Museum.

Q: How is Maryland represented in trails and protected historic areas?
A: Maryland is connected to long-distance trails and historic routes including the Appalachian Trail, Potomac Heritage Trail, and the Star-Spangled Banner National Historic Trail.

Q: Does Maryland host any special-purpose federal zones or commands?
A: The United States National Radio Quiet Zone overlaps areas listed in the source; military/intelligence presences include the Special Collection Service and Marine Corps Cyberspace Command.

## Why It Matters
Maryland occupies a strategic geographic and institutional role in the United States. Geographically, it borders and shapes Chesapeake Bay, one of the nation’s largest estuaries, and connects coastal plains (Delmarva/Tidewater) with several Appalachian physiographic provinces, which gives it ecological and economic variety. Politically and historically, Maryland evolved from the 17th-century Province of Maryland into a U.S. state admitted in 1788, linking colonial history to the modern federation.

The state hosts major federal, military, and research installations that affect national defense, intelligence, agriculture, and biomedical research. The presence of the United States Naval Academy and intelligence-related institutions such as the National Cryptologic Museum and Special Collection Service mark Maryland as significant to national security and cryptologic history. Leading research and higher-education institutions, especially Johns Hopkins University and the University System of Maryland, anchor scientific and medical innovation and workforce development. Maryland’s transportation network—dense Interstates, U.S. highways, commuter rail (MARC), and multiple Amtrak services—connects major metropolitan regions (Baltimore, Washington, Philadelphia) and supports commerce and mobility across the Mid-Atlantic corridor.

Culturally, Maryland supports museums, performing arts (Baltimore Symphony Orchestra), and nationally significant historic trails (Star-Spangled Banner National Historic Trail) that preserve and interpret American history. Its combination of coastal, riverine, mountain, and urban environments creates a diverse set of ecosystems, economic sectors, and communities that influence regional conservation, shipping, tourism, and metropolitan development.

## Notable For
- Being a Mid-Atlantic state with a coastline on Chesapeake Bay, central to the Bay’s ecology and commerce.
- Statehood date recorded as 1788-04-28; predecessor Province of Maryland founded 1632-06-20.
- Capital city Annapolis, with deep historical roots (inception listed 1649) and seat of the United States Naval Academy (inception 1845-10-10).
- Hosting major research and higher-education institutions including Johns Hopkins University (inception 1876) and the University System of Maryland (inception 1988).
- Containing or bordering multiple physiographic provinces of the Appalachian system: Allegheny Mountains, Blue Ridge, Ridge-and-Valley, Appalachian Plateau, and Piedmont.
- Dense transportation infrastructure: numerous Interstates (I-70, I-83, I-95, I-81, I-695), U.S. Routes (1, 11, 29, 40, 50), commuter rail (MARC), Maryland Transit Administration, and multiple Amtrak services.
- Cultural and research collections of national scope: United States National Agricultural Library (inception 1862) and National Cryptologic Museum (inception 1993).
- Trails and historic routes: Appalachian Trail passage, Potomac Heritage Trail, and Star-Spangled Banner National Historic Trail (inception 2008-05-08).
- Inclusion in the United States National Radio Quiet Zone (established 1958) in part of its territory.

## Body

### Overview
Maryland is identified in the source as a U.S. state (Wikidata description: "state of the United States of America") with aliases including MD and Old Line State. The official web portal is https://www.maryland.gov/. The state’s recorded inception (statehood) date is 1788-04-28. Approximate geographic coordinates given are latitude 39 and longitude −76.7. Source-recorded population figures include multiple enumerations ranging from about 1.3 million to nearly 6.2 million, reflecting different times and datasets included in the source material.

### History and Political Origins
- Predecessor: Province of Maryland, cited with inception date 1632-06-20, is the colonial entity preceding the state.
- Historical person referenced in connection to the province: Henrietta Maria of France (queen consort of England, Scotland, and Ireland) is listed among related persons tied to Maryland’s colonial naming/history.
- Statehood: Maryland’s inception as a U.S. state is recorded as 1788-04-28 in the provided data.

### Political Geography and Administrative Divisions
- Capital and major city: Annapolis (capital; inception given as 1649), Baltimore (major city; inception given as 1729).
- Counties explicitly listed in the source as counties in Maryland include: Anne Arundel, Baltimore, Montgomery, Prince George's, Wicomico, Cecil, Calvert, Caroline, Talbot, St. Mary’s, Somerset, Queen Anne’s, Allegany, Garrett, Harford, Washington, Frederick, Howard, Carroll, Wicomico (listed twice in raw data), Kent, and others. Several counties include inception dates where provided (for example, Kent County with 1642 variants; Montgomery County inception 1776-09-06; Baltimore County inception 1659; Garrett County inception 1872; etc.).
- Congressional districts referenced: Maryland’s 1st, 2nd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, and 8th congressional districts are listed among related political entities.

### Regions, Landscape, and Natural Features
- Chesapeake Bay is identified as the estuary associated with Maryland.
- The Delmarva Peninsula and Eastern Shore of Maryland are specified regional features.
- Mountains and highlands listed: Allegheny Mountains, Blue Ridge Mountains, Appalachian Mountains in general, Appalachian Plateau, Ridge-and-Valley Appalachians, South Mountain (northern extension of the Blue Ridge in MD and PA), Dans Mountain, and Catoctin Mountain.
- Plateau and physiographic province references include Piedmont and Appalachian Plateau.
- Rivers and water systems present in source material: Susquehanna River; Patapsco River; Monocacy River; Gunpowder River; Youghiogheny River; Antietam Creek; Conococheague Creek; and infrastructure such as Conowingo Dam.

### Transportation, Highways, and Rail
- Interstate highways listed that run in Maryland include: I-70 (inception +1956), I-83 (inception +1959; runs in MD and PA), I-95 (inception +1956), I-81 (inception +1957), and I-695 (inception +1958).
- U.S. Numbered Highways: U.S. Route 1, U.S. Route 11, U.S. Route 29, U.S. Route 40, and U.S. Route 50 (all with inception +1926 where shown).
- Maryland Transit Administration: public transit authority of the state, inception date +1970-04-30; headquarters referenced ( in source).
- Commuter rail: MARC (inception +1984-01-01), comprising three lines in the Baltimore–Washington metropolitan area.
- Amtrak and intercity services associated with Maryland routes include Palmetto (inception +1976-06-15), Carolinian (inceptions +1990-05-12 and +1984-10-28), Acela (inception +2000-12-11), Northeast Regional (inception +1995-10-28), Cardinal (inception +1977-10-30), Crescent (inception +1979-02-01), Silver Meteor (inception +1939-02-02), and historical/regional trains such as Royal Blue.
- Airports and airparks listed in the state include Salisbury–Ocean City–Wicomico Regional Airport, Cambridge–Dorchester Airport, Easton Airport, St. Mary’s County Regional Airport, Clearview Airpark, Essex Skypark, and Freeway Airport.

### Trails, Parks, and Historic Routes
- The Appalachian Trail is noted as passing through multiple states including parts of Maryland.
- Potomac Heritage Trail is listed as a long-distance hiking trail relevant to the state.
- Star-Spangled Banner National Historic Trail commemorates the Chesapeake Campaign of the War of 1812 (inception 2008-05-08).

### Federal, Military, and Intelligence Presence
- United States Naval Academy: described as a U.S. Navy federal service academy in the Annapolis area (inception 1845-10-10).
- National Cryptologic Museum: museum in Maryland (inception 1993-01-01), associated with cryptologic history.
- Special Collection Service: listed with an inception of +1978-01-01.
- Marine Corps Cyberspace Command: cyber warfare command of the U.S. Marine Corps with inception +2010-01-21.
- United States National Radio Quiet Zone: established in 1958, includes land areas in which radio transmissions are restricted and is associated with parts of Maryland.

### Education, Research, and Libraries
- Johns Hopkins University: private university in Baltimore (inception recorded as 1876 in the source; employees listed as 19,469 at a referenced point in time).
- University System of Maryland: public higher education system with inception +1988; headquarters entries in source data are  and ; employees listed in different entries (16,555 and 40,046).
- United States National Agricultural Library: agricultural research library serving as a national library of the United States and the library of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (inception +1862-01-01).

### Culture, Museums, and Arts
- American Visionary Art Museum: art museum in Maryland (inception +1995-01-01; headquarters ).
- National Katyń Memorial: Baltimore memorial dedicated to victims of the Katyn massacre.
- Baltimore Symphony Orchestra: symphony orchestra based in Baltimore (inception listed 1916).
- Numerous cultural venues, religious sites, and community institutions are listed in the source, including Baitur Rehman mosque (Silver Spring) and Murugan Temple of North America.

### Economy, Organizations, and Business
- Organizations and companies mentioned among related entities include Arbor House (publisher; inception +1969), CoverGirl (American cosmetics brand; inception +1961), FTI Consulting (inception +1982; employees 4,400 in the source), and historical rail companies (e.g., Delaware and Hudson Railway; Western Maryland Railway). These appear as related or connected organizations in the source dataset.

### Communities, Settlements, and Metropolitan Areas
- The source lists many census-designated places and communities in Maryland: Tall Timbers; Brown Station; Wildewood; Mercersville; Elliott; Williston; St. George Island; Melwood; Queen Anne; West Denton; Burnt Mills; Spring Ridge; Fairwood; Honeygo; Flower Hill; and others.
- Metropolitan areas and combined statistical areas referenced include the Baltimore metropolitan area, Washington metropolitan area, Philadelphia metropolitan area, and the Washington–Baltimore combined statistical area.

### Sports and Events
- Maryland Cycling Classic: a road cycling race associated with Maryland (inception +2020).

### Notable Vessels and Memorials
- Ships named USS Maryland are listed among related entities: an Ohio-class submarine (1991), a 1903 Pennsylvania-class cruiser, and the 1920 Colorado-class battleship.

### Related and Cultural Entities
- Additional related cultural items and events in the source include Good Charlotte (American rock band; inception +1996), Otakon (anime convention; inception +1994), and the Entomological Society of America (inception +1889).

### Miscellaneous Infrastructure and Geological Formations
- Arundel Formation (geological formation in Maryland) and other geological notations appear in the source.
- Conowingo Dam is listed among Maryland’s water infrastructure (inception +1926).

### Cross-jurisdictional and Statistical Classifications
- Maryland is categorized within major U.S. regional groupings (Mid-Atlantic, South Atlantic) and is part of the contiguous United States cohort. The state contains multiple counties and Congressional districts and is connected to interstate and interregional transportation and economic systems.

(End of body)

## References

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