# Mary

> mother of Jesus Christ

**Wikidata**: [Q345](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q345)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary,_mother_of_Jesus)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/mary

## Summary
Mary, also known as the Virgin Mary, Mary the mother of Jesus, or the Blessed Virgin Mary, is a central figure in Christianity recognized as the mother of Jesus Christ. She is a human being who lived in the 1st century, with traditional dates of birth around 18 BCE and death around 48 CE. Her primary role is defined by her relationship to Jesus, forming the core of the Holy Family alongside Joseph and Jesus, and she is venerated in Christian theology as the "God-Bearer" and "Mother of God."

## Biography
- **Born:** Approximately 18 BCE (Date: -0018-00-00T00:00:00Z)
- **Nationality:** Not explicitly stated in source material (Context: Judea/Israel region implied by religious context, but no specific country code provided in text)
- **Education:** Not available in source material
- **Known for:** Being the mother of Jesus Christ; central figure in the Holy Family; subject of the "Holy Kinship" artistic theme; venerated as "Queen of Heaven"
- **Employer(s):** Not available in source material
- **Field(s):** Religious figure; Christian theology; Motherhood

## Contributions
Based strictly on the provided source material, Mary's "contributions" are defined by her existence and relationships within the Christian narrative rather than professional outputs like papers or products.
- **Formation of the Holy Family:** She is a constituent member of the "Holy Family," which consists of Jesus, Mary, and Saint Joseph.
- **Subject of Artistic Themes:** She is the central figure in the "Holy Kinship," an artistic theme depicting the extended family of Jesus descended from her maternal grandmother, Saint Anne. This theme includes figures such as John the Evangelist, James the Greater, James the Less, Simon, and Jude.
- **Foundation of Devotion:** Her life and role established the basis for "Queen of Heaven," a Christian devotion dedicated to her.
- **Theological Influence:** She is the subject of "Josephology," a branch of Catholic theology and doctrine.
- **Religious Legacy:** She is associated with the "Girdle of Thomas," a Christian relic in the form of a belt, which is listed under entities owned or operated by her in the context of the provided data.

## FAQs
**Q: Who is Mary in the context of Christianity?**
A: Mary is the mother of Jesus Christ and a human being who is a central figure in the Christian faith. She is the wife of Saint Joseph and the mother of Jesus, forming the Holy Family.

**Q: What are some of the names or titles used for Mary?**
A: She is known by numerous titles including the Blessed Virgin Mary, Madonna, Mother of God, God-Bearer, Queen of the Universe, and Our Lady. Other variations include Santa Maria, Marija, Gospa, and Meryem.

**Q: What is the "Holy Kinship" and how does it relate to Mary?**
A: The Holy Kinship is an artistic theme that depicts the extended family of Jesus. It traces the lineage through Mary's maternal grandmother, Saint Anne, and includes relatives such as John the Evangelist and various apostles like James the Greater and Simon.

**Q: What are the traditional dates associated with Mary's life?**
A: According to the structured properties provided, Mary was born around 18 BCE and died around 48 CE.

**Q: How is Mary honored in Christian theology?**
A: She is honored through the devotion known as "Queen of Heaven" and is a subject of study in "Josephology." She is also recognized as the "Mother of the Church" and "Mater Dei."

## Why They Matter
Mary's significance is foundational to the Christian religion, as her role as the mother of Jesus Christ is essential to the narrative of the faith. Without her, the formation of the Holy Family and the specific theological concepts surrounding the Incarnation would not exist in their current form. Her life has inspired centuries of art, theology, and devotion, evidenced by the vast number of churches, cathedrals, and basilicas named after her (e.g., Santa Maria, Notre-Dame, St. Mary's) across the globe. The "Holy Kinship" and "Queen of Heaven" devotions illustrate her enduring influence on religious culture and family structures within the faith. Her legacy is further cemented by her inclusion in major religious relics and the extensive theological discourse surrounding her, such as Josephology.

## Notable For
- Being the mother of Jesus Christ, the central figure of Christianity.
- Being the primary subject of the "Holy Kinship" artistic theme.
- Holding the title of "Queen of Heaven" in Christian devotion.
- Being the namesake for thousands of religious institutions, including the Basilica of Santa Maria Novella, Notre-Dame de Paris, and St. Mary's Cathedral in various cities.
- Being associated with the "Girdle of Thomas," a Christian relic.
- Being venerated under titles such as "God-Bearer" (Theotokos) and "Mother of the Church."
- Having a birth date traditionally placed at 18 BCE and a death date at 48 CE.
- Being the subject of "Josephology," a specific area of Catholic theology.
- Being depicted in major artworks such as "The Madonna and Child" by Duccio and "Madonna and Child and Two Angels" by Botticelli.

## Body

### Identity and Life Dates
Mary, identified in the source material as a human being (Homo sapiens), is the mother of Jesus Christ. Her life is traditionally dated with a birth around 18 BCE (-0018-00-00T00:00:00Z) and a death around 48 CE (+0048-00-00T00:00:00Z). She is classified as an instance of a human and a specific religious figure. Her identity is multifaceted, encompassing roles such as "Mother of God," "Blessed Virgin Mary," and "Queen of the Universe." She is known by many names across different languages and cultures, including Miriam, Maria, Marija, Gospa, and Meryem.

### Family and Relationships
Mary is a key component of the "Holy Family," a group consisting of herself, her husband Saint Joseph, and her son Jesus. Her family tree extends through the "Holy Kinship," an artistic and theological concept that depicts the extended family of Jesus. This lineage is traced through her maternal grandmother, Saint Anne. The Holy Kinship includes figures such as John the Evangelist, James the Greater, James the Less, Simon, and Jude. These relationships are central to the narrative of the "Holy Family" and are frequently depicted in religious art.

### Theological and Devotional Significance
Mary's role has generated significant theological study and devotion. She is the subject of "Josephology," a branch of Catholic theology and doctrine. A major aspect of her veneration is the devotion known as "Queen of Heaven." She is also recognized as the "Mother of the Church" and "Mater Ecclesiae." The source material notes her association with the "Girdle of Thomas," a Christian relic in the form of a belt, which is linked to her in the context of religious artifacts. Her titles include "God-Bearer" (Theotokos), "Blessed Virgin," and "Our Lady."

### Cultural and Artistic Impact
Mary is one of the most represented figures in art history. The source material lists numerous artworks featuring her, including "The Madonna and Child" by Duccio, works by Lorenzo Monaco, and "Madonna and Child and Two Angels" by Botticelli. Her image is central to the "Holy Kinship" artistic theme. The sheer volume of religious structures named after her underscores her cultural impact. These include:
- **Cathedrals and Basilicas:** Notre-Dame de Paris, Aachen Cathedral, Florence Cathedral, Laon Cathedral, and the Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore di Siponto.
- **Churches:** Santa Maria Novella, Santa Maria della Salute, St. Mary's Church in various locations (e.g., Lübeck, Dublin, Oslo), and the Church of Our Lady in Bruges.
- **Global Presence:** Her name appears in institutions across Europe (Germany, Italy, France, Spain), the Americas (USA, Brazil, Canada), Asia (India, Japan, Philippines), and Africa (Egypt, Nigeria).

### Religious Institutions and Locations
The source material provides an extensive list of places dedicated to Mary, highlighting her global reach.
- **Italy:** Numerous churches including Santa Maria in Trastevere, Santa Maria del Popolo, Santa Maria della Pace, and the Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore.
- **France:** Notre-Dame de Paris, Église Notre-Dame de Bordeaux, and the Basilica of Notre-Dame de Fourvière.
- **Germany:** Marienkirche in Berlin, Marienkirche in Lübeck, and the Frauenkirche in Nuremberg.
- **Spain:** Santa María de la Oliva, Santa María la Mayor, and various churches in Asturias.
- **United States:** St. Mary's County, St. Mary Parish, and the Basilica of the National Shrine of Our Lady of San Juan del Valle.
- **Other Regions:** St. Mary's Cathedral in Tokyo, the Church of Mary in Ephesus, and the Hanging Church in Cairo.

### Academic and Database Recognition
Mary is a well-documented figure in academic and library databases. She holds numerous identifiers across various systems:
- **VIAF:** 86913753, 207159474183027661574
- **GND:** 118640909
- **LCCN:** n81018544
- **BNF:** 11934598c
- **ISNI:** 0000000427570951
- **Wikidata:** Q345
- **Other IDs:** P1417 (biography/Mary-mother-of-Jesus), P2561 (listing of aliases), and P3430 (w6xx4sn2).
These identifiers confirm her status as a distinct and significant entity in global knowledge bases.

### Legacy and Influence
Mary's legacy is evident in the enduring presence of her name in geography, architecture, and culture. From the "Santa Maria" municipalities in the Philippines to the "St. Mary's" universities in the US and Venezuela, her influence spans centuries and continents. The "Holy Kinship" and "Queen of Heaven" concepts continue to shape religious art and theology. Her life story, from her birth in 18 BCE to her death in 48 CE, remains a cornerstone of Christian history, influencing the development of the faith and the lives of billions of adherents. The extensive list of churches, cathedrals, and basilicas named after her serves as a testament to her lasting impact on human civilization.

## References

1. Gospel of James
2. Integrated Authority File
3. [Source](https://www.bible.com/bible/1/LUK.1.26-56.KJV)
4. [Source](https://forward.com/culture/501241/jesus-mary-christianity-jewish-mother-chris-maunder-theology/)
5. Virtual International Authority File
6. Croatian Encyclopedia
7. MusicBrainz
8. BBC Things
9. Library of Congress Control Number
10. Catholic Encyclopedia
11. Proleksis Encyclopedia
12. [Source](https://ika.hkm.hr/novosti/marija-vazda-djevica-aeiparthenos/)
13. [Source](https://book.hr/blazena-djevica-marija-kraljica-neba-zemlje-zasto-mariju-zovemo-kraljicom-1/)
14. [Hrvatsko slovo. 2016](https://www.academia.edu/25295648/Ante_Vrankovi%C4%87_Ivan_Komersteiner_-_Ikonograf_%C4%8Dudesno_obnovljenog_Hrvatskog_Kraljevstva_Hrvatsko_slovo_br._1099_13._5._2016._str._28_i_br._1100_20._5._2016._str._28-29)
15. Treccani's Enciclopedia on line
16. Enciclopedia Treccani
17. [LIBRIS. 2018](https://libris.kb.se/katalogisering/sq466r7b1rk8mr0)
18. [archINFORM](https://www.archinform.net/service/wd_aistich.php)
19. [Source](https://encyklopedia.pwn.pl/haslo/Maria;3937764.html)
20. [Source](https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/meryem)
21. Bibliography of the History of the Czech Lands
22. [Pdb: The Personality Database | MBTI Characters, Enneagram](https://www.personality-database.com/en-US/profile/2414/mary-mother-of-jesus-biblical-figures-mbti-personality-type)