# Law No. 8789 of December 21, 1993

> Brazilian law

**Wikidata**: [Q105647415](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105647415)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/law-no-8789-of-december-21-1993

## Summary
Law No. 8789 of December 21, 1993 is a Brazilian federal statute enacted during the presidency of Itamar Franco. This law focuses on budgetary matters, specifically addressing supplementary credit, authorization, and budget appropriation for the Federal Government of Brazil (União Federal).

## Key Facts
- **Full Title:** Lei nº 8789, de 21 de dezembro de 1993
- **Type of Instrument:** Statute (federal law)
- **Date Enacted:** December 21, 1993
- **Approving Authority:** Presidency of the Federative Republic of Brazil
- **Promulgated By:** Itamar Franco (President of Brazil at the time)
- **Place of Publication:** Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
- **Jurisdiction:** Brazil (federal level)
- **Language:** Brazilian Portuguese
- **Legal Citation:** Lei nº 8789/1993
- **Lexml Brazil Identifier:** urn:lex:br:federal:lei:1993-12-21;8789
- **Main Subjects:** Budget (Orçamento), Supplementary Credit (Credito Suplementar), Authorization (Autorização), Executive Branch (Executivo), Budget Appropriation (Dotação Orçamentaria), Federal Government of Brazil (União Federal), Reinforcement (Reforço), Opening of Credit (Abertura De Credito)
- **Official URL:** Available at https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/leis/1989_1994/l8789.htm
- **Wikimedia Project Status:** Listed on WikiProject Brazilian Laws

## FAQs
**What type of legal document is Law No. 8789/1993?**
Law No. 8789 of December 21, 1993 is classified as a statute—a formal written document that creates law at the federal level in Brazil.

**Who authorized and promulgated this law?**
The law was approved by the Presidency of the Federative Republic of Brazil and promulgated by President Itamar Franco on December 21, 1993, in Brasília.

**What are the primary subjects covered by this law?**
The law addresses budgetary and financial matters including the federal budget (Orçamento), supplementary credit (Credito Suplementar), credit opening (Abertura De Credito), budget appropriations (Dotação Orçamentaria), authorization (Autorização), and reinforcement (Reforço) for the Federal Government of Brazil (União Federal).

**Where can the official text of this law be accessed?**
The official text is available online through the Brazilian Presidency's legislative portal at https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/leis/1989_1994/l8789.htm and is indexed under the Lexml Brazil system with the identifier urn:lex:br:federal:lei:1993-12-21;8789.

## Why It Matters
Law No. 8789 of December 21, 1993 represents a significant instance of Brazilian federal budgetary legislation during the early 1990s, a period marked by substantial economic challenges and reforms in Brazil. Enacted under President Itamar Franco's administration, this law is part of the broader framework of fiscal governance that managed federal resources during a critical transitional period in Brazilian economic history. The law's focus on supplementary credits, budget appropriations, and authorization for the executive branch demonstrates the government's need to adjust and manage federal spending dynamically. As a statute, it exemplifies how formal written law serves as the manifestation of statutory law in Brazil's civil law system, creating binding legal norms that govern the allocation and management of public resources.

## Notable For
- **Budgetary Focus:** Specifically addresses supplementary credit (Credito Suplementar), credit opening, and budget appropriations for the federal government
- **Historical Context:** Enacted during the Itamar Franco presidency (1992-1994), a crucial period of economic stabilization efforts preceding the Real Plan
- **Federal Jurisdiction:** Applies to the entire Federative Republic of Brazil at the national level
- **Legislative Documentation:** Fully indexed in the Lexml Brazil system with a unique URN identifier
- **Presidential Promulgation:** Directly authorized and promulgated by the President of the Republic
- **Public Accessibility:** Available online through the official Brazilian government portal (planalto.gov.br)
- **WikiProject Recognition:** Included in WikiProject Brazilian Laws, indicating its documentation within structured knowledge systems
- **Multiple Subject Coverage:** Addresses diverse budgetary aspects including authorization, reinforcement, and executive branch operations

## Body

### Legal Classification and Nature
Law No. 8789 of December 21, 1993 is formally classified as a **statute**—a formal written document that creates law. In the Brazilian legal system, a statute represents a foundational legal concept, serving as the manifestation of statutory law. Statutes in Brazil are formal written documents enacted to create law, encompassing acts passed by legislatures and other legal instruments. This particular law functions as a federal statute, operating at the highest level of the Brazilian legal hierarchy below the Constitution.

The law is structured as a legal document composed of legal norms, forming part of the broader concepts of law and legal act. As a subclass of written work, document, and rule, it represents the concrete expression of legal rules governing budgetary matters at the federal level.

### Enactment and Authorization
The law was officially approved by the **Presidency of the Federative Republic of Brazil**, with the promulgation occurring on December 21, 1993. The determination method used was promulgation, a formal process by which the President of Brazil officially proclaims the existence of a law, making it binding and enforceable.

**Itamar Franco**, serving as President of Brazil at the time, personally authorized and promulgated this law. President Franco's administration (1992-1994) occurred during a particularly challenging economic period in Brazil, characterized by high inflation and the need for fiscal management tools. The law was published in **Brasília**, the federal capital of Brazil, serving as the official place of publication for this federal statute.

### Subject Matter and Scope
The law encompasses multiple related subjects within the domain of public finance and budgetary management:

**Budget (Orçamento):** The primary subject of the law, referring to the federal government's financial plan and allocation of resources.

**Supplementary Credit (Credito Suplementar):** A mechanism for increasing budget allocations when additional funding becomes necessary or available.

**Credit Opening (Abertura De Credito):** The formal process of creating new budgetary credits or increasing existing ones through legislative authorization.

**Budget Appropriation (Dotação Orçamentaria):** The formal allocation of funds for specific purposes within the federal budget.

**Authorization (Autorização):** Legal permission granted for specific financial or administrative actions by the executive branch.

**Reinforcement (Reforço):** Additional resources or strengthening of budgetary allocations, specifically related to the Brazilian economy.

**Executive Branch (Executivo):** The law specifically addresses operations and authorizations pertaining to the executive branch of the federal government.

**Federal Government of Brazil (União Federal):** The law applies to the federal level of government, distinct from state and municipal levels.

### Jurisdiction and Applicability
The law applies to the entire territory of **Brazil**, exercising jurisdiction at the federal level. Brazil, officially known as the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in South America and operates under a federal republic system with Portuguese as its official language. The country declared independence from Portugal on September 7, 1822, and has since developed a comprehensive legal system based on civil law traditions.

Brazil's legal framework consists of federal laws (like Law No. 8789/1993), state laws, and municipal laws, with federal statutes applying uniformly across all 26 states and the Federal District (Brasília). The law's applicability to the "União Federal" specifically indicates its operation at the national government level, affecting federal agencies, departments, and programs.

### Official Identification and Access
**Legal Citation:** The law is officially cited as "Lei nº 8789/1993" in legal documents and references.

**Lexml Brazil Identifier:** The law is indexed under the URN (Uniform Resource Name) identifier `urn:lex:br:federal:lei:1993-12-21;8789` within the Lexml Brazil system. Lexml is Brazil's official system for identifying and exchanging legislative and legal documents using standardized identifiers.

**Official Online Access:** The full text of the law is available at the Brazilian Presidency's official legislative portal: `https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/leis/1989_1994/l8789.htm`. This URL provides public access to the official legal text as maintained by the Civil Cabinet of the Presidency.

**Language:** The law is written in **Brazilian Portuguese**, the official language of Brazil, which distinguishes it slightly from European Portuguese in spelling, vocabulary, and grammatical conventions.

### Historical and Political Context
Law No. 8789/1993 was enacted during **Itamar Franco's presidency** (1992-1994). Franco assumed the presidency following the impeachment of Fernando Collor de Mello in 1992. This period was marked by significant economic challenges in Brazil, including hyperinflation and attempts at economic stabilization.

The early 1990s in Brazil saw several economic plans attempting to control inflation, with the most successful being the **Real Plan** (Plano Real), implemented in July 1994 under Franco's administration, with Fernando Henrique Cardoso serving as Finance Minister. Law No. 8789/1993, enacted in December 1993, falls within this critical pre-stabilization period, representing the government's ongoing efforts to manage federal finances through budgetary legislation.

### Documentation and Knowledge Systems
The law is included in **WikiProject Brazilian Laws**, a Wikimedia project dedicated to documenting and structuring information about Brazilian legislation. This inclusion indicates the law's recognition within structured knowledge systems and its documentation for public reference.

The law's metadata has been structured with references to official sources, including citations from the Lexml Brazil system and the Brazilian Presidency's legislative portal. These references provide verifiable links to primary sources, ensuring the accuracy and authenticity of information about the law.

### Relationship to Statutory Framework
As a **statute**, Law No. 8789/1993 represents a concrete manifestation of statutory law within the Brazilian legal system. Statutes in Brazil follow the civil law tradition, where written codes and laws form the primary source of legal authority. The law follows the standard format for Brazilian federal legislation, beginning with the formula "A PRESIDENTE DA REPÚBLICA" (The President of the Republic) and containing articles that specify its provisions.

The law operates within Brazil's constitutional framework, established by the **Constitution of Brazil** (effective October 5, 1988). Brazilian federal laws must conform to constitutional principles and can be subject to judicial review by the Supreme Federal Court (STF) if challenged.

## References

1. [Source](https://www.lexml.gov.br/urn/urn:lex:br:federal:lei:1993-12-21;8789)
2. [Source](https://legislacao.presidencia.gov.br/atos?tipo=LEI&numero=8789&ano=1993&data=21/12/1993&ato=2dfcXR65ENFpWT9a0)