# Law No. 4657 of June 2, 1965

> Brazilian law

**Wikidata**: [Q105648328](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105648328)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/law-no-4657-of-june-2-1965

## Summary
Law No. 4657 of June 2, 1965 is a Brazilian federal statute enacted during the presidency of Castelo Branco. It authorizes special budgetary adjustments (crédito especial) and budget appropriations for the Ministry of Transport of Brazil (Ministério da Viação e Obras Públicas) to provide economic reinforcement (reforço). The law was published in Brasília and is officially cited as Lei nº 4657/1965.

## Key Facts
- **Official Title:** Lei nº 4657, de 2 de junho de 1965
- **Legal Citation:** Lei nº 4657/1965
- **Type:** Statute (federal law)
- **Country:** Brazil
- **Promulgation Date:** June 2, 1965
- **Promulgated By:** Presidency of the Federative Republic of Brazil (President Castelo Branco)
- **Place of Publication:** Brasília, Brazil
- **Language:** Brazilian Portuguese
- **Jurisdiction:** Brazil (federal level)
- **LexML Brazil ID:** urn:lex:br:federal:lei:1965-06-02;4657
- **Official URL:** https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/leis/1950-1969/l4657.htm
- **Main Subjects:** Reinforcement (reforço) of the Brazilian economy, special budgetary adjustment (crédito especial), budget appropriation (dotação orçamentária), Ministry of Transport of Brazil (Ministério da Viação e Obras Públicas)
- **Wikidata Classification:** Brazilian law
- **WikiProject Membership:** WikiProject Brazilian Laws

## FAQs
**What is the purpose of Law No. 4657 of June 2, 1965?**
The law authorizes special budgetary adjustments (crédito especial) and budget appropriations for the Ministry of Transport of Brazil (Ministério da Viação e Obras Públicas). Its stated purpose is to provide reinforcement (reforço) to the Brazilian economy through these fiscal mechanisms.

**Who approved and promulgated this law?**
The law was approved and promulgated by the Presidency of the Federative Republic of Brazil, specifically under President Castelo Branco, on June 2, 1965.

**Where can the full text of this law be accessed?**
The official text is available at the Planalto government website at https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/leis/1950-1969/l4657.htm and can also be referenced through the LexML Brazil system using the URN identifier urn:lex:br:federal:lei:1965-06-02;4657.

**What type of legal instrument is this?**
Law No. 4657 is a statute—a formal written document that creates law at the federal level in Brazil. As a statute, it is a manifestation of statutory law and contains legal norms binding within Brazilian jurisdiction.

## Why It Matters
Law No. 4657 of June 2, 1965 represents a specific exercise of federal fiscal authority during the early period of Brazil's military government (1964–1985). Enacted under President Castelo Branco—the first military president following the 1964 coup—the law reflects the regime's approach to economic management and infrastructure investment. By authorizing special budgetary adjustments (crédito especial) for the Ministry of Transport (Ministério da Viação e Obras Públicas), the statute provided mechanisms for redirecting funds outside the normal budget cycle, a tool often used for emergency or priority expenditures. This law is part of the broader corpus of Brazilian statutory law that shapes administrative and fiscal governance, documented through the LexML Brazil system and preserved in official government archives. Its inclusion in WikiProject Brazilian Laws indicates its recognition as part of the organized effort to catalog and study Brazilian legislation.

## Notable For
- **Military Era Legislation:** Enacted during the presidency of Castelo Branco, the first leader of Brazil's 1964–1985 military government
- **Fiscal Mechanism:** Utilizes the special budgetary adjustment (crédito especial) instrument for economic reinforcement
- **Infrastructure Focus:** Directed funds to the Ministry of Transport of Brazil (Ministério da Viação e Obras Públicas)
- **Official Documentation:** Assigned a LexML Brazil URN identifier (urn:lex:br:federal:lei:1965-06-02;4657) as part of Brazil's official legal documentation system
- **Open Access:** Full text publicly available through the Brazilian government's Planalto portal
- **WikiProject Inclusion:** Listed on the WikiProject Brazilian Laws focus list for Wikimedia projects

## Body

### Classification and Legal Status
Law No. 4657 of June 2, 1965 is classified as a **statute** (statute), defined as a formal written document that creates law. As a federal statute of Brazil, it constitutes a manifestation of statutory law and contains legal norms applicable within Brazilian jurisdiction. The law falls under the broader category of legislative acts and represents the formal exercise of governmental authority at the federal level.

The statute is categorized under the legal concept of "statute," which encompasses acts, executive orders, and by-laws. This classification distinguishes it from other types of legal instruments while affirming its status as a formal, written legislative document enacted through proper governmental processes.

### Promulgation and Authority
The law was promulgated on **June 2, 1965**, by the **Presidency of the Federative Republic of Brazil**. The promulgating authority was **President Castelo Branco**, who served as Brazil's first military president following the coup of April 1964. The promulgation was carried out through the formal method of publication in Brasília, the federal capital.

Castelo Branco's presidency (1964–1967) was characterized by efforts to stabilize the Brazilian economy and restructure governmental institutions. Law No. 4657 fits within this context as a fiscal measure aimed at economic reinforcement through budgetary mechanisms.

### Subject Matter and Scope
The law addresses four main subjects, as documented in its official record:

- **Reinforcement of the Brazilian Economy (Reforço):** The stated purpose of providing economic reinforcement through fiscal adjustments
- **Special Budgetary Adjustment (Crédito Especial):** A mechanism allowing for additional budget allocations outside the normal appropriations process
- **Budget Appropriation (Dotação Orçamentária):** The formal designation of funds for specific governmental purposes
- **Ministry of Transport of Brazil (Ministério da Viação e Obras Públicas):** The specific government ministry designated as the recipient or beneficiary of the budgetary measures

The special budgetary adjustment (crédito especial) is a fiscal instrument in Brazilian administrative law that permits extraordinary allocations of funds, typically for urgent or unforeseen expenses. This mechanism differs from ordinary budget appropriations in that it operates outside the annual budget law's standard framework.

### Official Identification and Access
The law is identified through multiple official systems:

**LexML Brazil Identifier:** `urn:lex:br:federal:lei:1965-06-02;4657`
This Uniform Resource Name (URN) follows the LexML standard for Brazilian legal documents, providing a persistent, location-independent identifier for the statute.

**Legal Citation:** `Lei nº 4657/1965`
The standard legal citation format used in Brazilian legal practice.

**Official URL:** https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/leis/1950-1969/l4657.htm
The full text is hosted on the official Planalto government website, maintained by the Civil House of the Presidency of the Republic.

**Publication Location:** Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
The law was published in the federal capital, as required for federal legislation.

### Language and Jurisdiction
The law was drafted and published in **Brazilian Portuguese**, the official language of Brazil. It applies to the entirety of Brazilian territory under federal jurisdiction, as established by its classification as a federal statute. The jurisdiction is explicitly designated as **Brazil** in official records.

### Context in Brazilian Legal History
Law No. 4657 was enacted approximately one year after the military coup of March 31, 1964, which ousted President João Goulart. The Castelo Branco government (1964–1967) implemented numerous economic reforms, including fiscal austerity measures and institutional restructuring. This law's focus on budgetary adjustments and transport infrastructure aligns with the regime's priorities of economic stabilization and development.

The Ministry of Transport (Ministério da Viação e Obras Públicas) referenced in the law was responsible for transportation infrastructure and public works. Budgetary allocations to this ministry during this period typically supported road construction, port development, and other infrastructure projects viewed as essential to economic growth.

### Documentation and Knowledge Organization
The statute is included in the **WikiProject Brazilian Laws** focus list, indicating its recognition within Wikimedia projects as part of organized efforts to document Brazilian legislation. This inclusion supports the law's discoverability and contextualization within the broader corpus of Brazilian legal documents.

The law's metadata, including its promulgation date, promulgating authority, and subject classifications, is maintained in structured knowledge bases and referenced through authoritative sources including:
- LexML Brazil (https://www.lexml.gov.br/)
- Presidency of Brazil Legislative Portal (https://legislacao.presidencia.gov.br/)
- Planalto Civil House (https://www.planalto.gov.br/)

### Relationship to Statutory Law
As a statute, Law No. 4657 embodies the characteristics of statutory law:
- **Written Form:** A formal document creating legal norms
- **Legislative Origin:** Created through the proper legislative and executive processes
- **Binding Authority:** Creates enforceable legal obligations within its jurisdiction
- **Public Accessibility:** Published and made available for public reference

The law represents one instance of the broader category of statutes, which serve as the primary instruments through which governmental authority is formally exercised and recorded in civil law jurisdictions like Brazil.

## References

1. [Source](https://www.lexml.gov.br/urn/urn:lex:br:federal:lei:1965-06-02;4657)
2. [Source](https://legislacao.presidencia.gov.br/atos?tipo=LEI&numero=4657&ano=1965&data=02/06/1965&ato=276AzaU1UeZRVTc86)