# Law No. 430 of October 12, 1948

> Brazilian law

**Wikidata**: [Q105649792](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105649792)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/law-no-430-of-october-12-1948

## Summary
**Law No. 430 of October 12, 1948** (Lei nº 430, de 12 de outubro de 1948) is a Brazilian federal statute that authorizes the Ministry of Agriculture to open special budgetary credit for intensifying the campaign against the fruit fly. Promulgated by the Presidency of the Federative Republic of Brazil, it serves as a formal legal instrument within Brazilian statutory law and applies to the entire national jurisdiction of Brazil.

## Key Facts

- **Full Title:** Lei nº 430, de 12 de outubro de 1948
- **Legal Citation:** Lei nº 430/1948
- **Promulgation Date:** October 12, 1948
- **Approving Authority:** Presidency of the Federative Republic of Brazil
- **Instance Classification:** Statute (formal written document that creates law)
- **Jurisdiction:** Brazil (federal level)
- **Place of Publication:** Rio de Janeiro
- **Language:** Brazilian Portuguese
- **Administering Body:** Ministry of Agriculture of Brazil (Ministerio Da Agricultura)
- **Budgetary Mechanism:** Special credit (Credito Especial)
- **Purpose:** Intensification of the campaign against the fruit fly (mosca do fruto)
- **LexML Brazil Identifier:** urn:lex:br:federal:lei:1948-10-12;430
- **Wikimedia Project Membership:** WikiProject Brazilian Laws
- **Subject Classification:** Special budgetary adjustment

## FAQs

**What is the purpose of Law No. 430 of October 12, 1948?**
The law authorizes the opening of special credit by the Ministry of Agriculture specifically to intensify the campaign against the fruit fly in Brazil. It functions as a budgetary adjustment mechanism to fund agricultural pest control efforts.

**What type of legal instrument is this law?**
Law No. 430 is classified as a statute, meaning it is a formal written document that creates law. As a Brazilian federal statute, it constitutes the manifestation of statutory law and serves as an official record of a legal rule enacted by the government.

**Which government body is responsible for implementing this law?**
The Ministry of Agriculture of Brazil is the designated body referenced in the law for administering the special credit authorization. The law was promulgated by the Presidency of the Federative Republic of Brazil.

**Where was this law published and in what language?**
The law was published in Rio de Janeiro, which served as Brazil's federal capital at the time (prior to the 1960 transfer to Brasília). The official text is in Brazilian Portuguese.

## Why It Matters

Law No. 430 of October 12, 1948 represents a specific instance of Brazilian federal legislative action addressing agricultural concerns through budgetary authorization. As a statute, it embodies the concrete manifestation of statutory law in Brazil, demonstrating how the federal government formally allocates special financial resources for targeted agricultural programs—in this case, pest control campaigns protecting fruit production.

The law matters as an example of post-World War II Brazilian agricultural policy, a period when the nation was investing in modernizing its agricultural sector. By creating a special credit mechanism rather than relying on standard budgetary procedures, the legislation enabled rapid deployment of resources for the fruit fly campaign, reflecting the economic importance of fruit cultivation to Brazil's agricultural output.

The statute also illustrates the structure of Brazilian federal law, showing how the Presidency promulgates legislation that delegates implementation authority to specific ministries—in this case, the Ministry of Agriculture. Its LexML identifier (urn:lex:br:federal:lei:1948-10-12;430) demonstrates Brazil's systematic approach to legal documentation and digital accessibility of its legislative corpus.

## Notable For

- **Special Budgetary Mechanism:** Utilizes "Credito Especial" (special credit) as a budgetary adjustment tool outside normal appropriation processes
- **Agricultural Pest Control:** Directly targets the fruit fly (mosca do fruto), a significant agricultural pest affecting fruit production
- **Post-War Legislation:** Enacted in 1948 during Brazil's post-World War II agricultural modernization period
- **Rio de Janeiro Publication:** Published when Rio de Janeiro was still the federal capital, 12 years before the inauguration of Brasília
- **LexML Integration:** Assigned a structured LexML Brazil identifier for standardized legal citation and digital access
- **WikiProject Inclusion:** Recognized within WikiProject Brazilian Laws, indicating its documentation in structured legal knowledge bases

## Body

### Legal Classification and Nature

Law No. 430 of October 12, 1948 is formally classified as a **statute**—a formal written document that creates law. Statutes serve as the concrete manifestation of statutory law and function as the official record of legal rules enacted by government authority. As a subclass of "written work," "document," and "rule," this law represents the tangible expression of a legal norm within the Brazilian legal system.

The statute was created through the legislative process and constitutes a legal act promulgated by the executive branch. It is distinct from broader concepts of "legislation" or "law" in that it represents the specific written document embodying the rule, rather than the abstract legal principle itself.

### Purpose and Content

The law's digest text specifies: "AUTORIZA A ABERTURA, PELO MINISTERIO DA AGRICULTURA, DE CREDITO ESPECIAL PARA INTENSIFICAÇÃO DA CAMPANHA CONTRA A MOSCA DO FRUTO" (Authorizes the opening, by the Ministry of Agriculture, of special credit for intensification of the campaign against the fruit fly).

The law addresses two main subjects:
- **Special budgetary adjustment (Credito Especial):** A financial mechanism allowing allocation of funds outside the standard budgetary process
- **Ministry of Agriculture of Brazil:** The implementing government body responsible for administering the authorized credit

The fruit fly (mosca do fruto) represents a significant agricultural pest affecting fruit crops, and the legislation enabled intensified control measures through dedicated financial resources.

### Jurisdictional Context

The law applies to the jurisdiction of **Brazil**, the largest country in South America. Brazil operates as a federal republic with a presidential system and representative democracy. The country declared independence from Portugal on September 7, 1822, and has maintained continuous sovereignty since that date.

At the time of the law's promulgation in 1948, Brazil was operating under the 1946 Constitution, which had re-established democratic governance following the Estado Novo dictatorship period. The federal capital was Rio de Janeiro, where the law was published—this remained the capital until April 22, 1960, when Brasília was inaugurated.

Brazil's legal system is based on civil law traditions inherited from Portugal, with Portuguese (Brazilian Portuguese) as the official language. The country maintains a comprehensive system of federal statutes that apply throughout the national territory, which spans approximately 8.5 million km² across 26 states plus the Federal District.

### Promulgation and Authority

The law was **promulgated** by the Presidency of the Federative Republic of Brazil on October 12, 1948. Promulgation represents the formal act by which the executive branch gives official sanction to a legislative measure, making it binding law. The determination method is explicitly recorded as "promulgation" in the law's metadata.

The Presidency of Brazil serves as both head of state and head of government under the country's presidential system. In 1948, this promulgation occurred during the administration of President Eurico Gaspar Dutra (who served from 1946 to 1951), though the specific promulgation date of October 12, 1948, is definitively recorded in the law's structured properties.

### Legal Identification and Citation

The law carries multiple standard identifiers used for legal citation and reference:

- **Legal Citation:** Lei nº 430/1948 — the standard Brazilian legal citation format
- **LexML Brazil ID:** urn:lex:br:federal:lei:1948-10-12;430 — a Uniform Resource Name following the LexML standard for legal documents
- **Title:** Lei nº 430, de 12 de outubro de 1948 — the full formal title

The LexML identifier follows a structured format indicating:
- `urn:lex` — the LexML standard namespace
- `br` — Brazil (country code)
- `federal` — federal level of government
- `lei` — law (type of instrument)
- `1948-10-12` — date of enactment
- `430` — law number

This identifier system enables precise digital referencing and is used by Brazil's official legal information systems.

### Publication Details

The law was published in **Rio de Janeiro**, Brazil, with a publication date of October 12, 1948. The publication date is derived through inference from the promulgation date, as indicated in the source metadata. Rio de Janeiro served as Brazil's capital city and primary publishing center for federal legislation at the time.

The official language of the law is **Brazilian Portuguese**, which is the sole official language of Brazil and is spoken by the vast majority of the country's population.

### Budgetary Mechanism

The law utilizes a **special credit (Credito Especial)** mechanism, classified as a special budgetary adjustment. In Brazilian public finance, special credits represent budget allocations that supplement the ordinary budget, typically used for unforeseen or specifically designated expenditures that require funding outside the normal annual budget cycle.

This mechanism allowed the Ministry of Agriculture to receive dedicated funds for the specific purpose of intensifying the anti-fruit fly campaign, rather than competing for resources within the ministry's standard operational budget.

### Ministry of Agriculture Role

The **Ministry of Agriculture of Brazil (Ministerio Da Agricultura)** is the designated implementing agency under this law. The ministry, established in 1909, is responsible for formulating and implementing policies related to agriculture, livestock, and agroindustry in Brazil.

The law delegates to this ministry the authority to access and administer the special credit authorization, giving it discretion over how the intensified fruit fly campaign would be executed within the allocated budget.

### WikiProject Brazilian Laws

The law is included in **WikiProject Brazilian Laws**, indicating its documentation within structured knowledge bases focused on Brazilian legislation. This project categorizes and organizes information about Brazilian legal instruments, making them accessible for reference and research purposes within the Wikimedia ecosystem and related knowledge systems.

### Context Within Brazilian Statutory Law

As a statute, Law No. 430 exists within the broader framework of Brazilian federal legislation. Statutes in Brazil represent the primary form of written law enacted by the federal government, alongside the Constitution, provisional measures, and other legal instruments.

Brazilian statutes generally:
- Are formal written documents creating legal rules
- Apply to the entire national jurisdiction unless otherwise specified
- Are promulgated by the Presidency following legislative approval
- Remain in force until repealed, amended, or declared unconstitutional
- Carry the force of law throughout the national territory

The statute follows the naming convention standard for Brazilian federal laws of its era, using the format "Lei nº [number], de [date]" (Law No. [number], of [date]).

## References

1. [Source](https://www.lexml.gov.br/urn/urn:lex:br:federal:lei:1948-10-12;430)
2. LexML Brasil