# Law No. 428 of October 11, 1948

> Brazilian law

**Wikidata**: [Q105649790](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105649790)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/law-no-428-of-october-11-1948

## Summary
Law No. 428 of October 11, 1948 is a Brazilian federal statute that establishes a special budgetary adjustment (Crédito Especial) to cover expenses for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Brazil (Itamarati/MRE). Enacted by the Presidency of Brazil, this law appropriates specific funds for the foreign ministry's operational needs.

## Key Facts
- **Official Title:** Lei nº 428, de 11 de outubro de 1948
- **LexML Brazil Identifier:** urn:lex:br:federal:lei:1948-10-11;428
- **Date of Enactment:** October 11, 1948
- **Place of Publication:** Rio de Janeiro
- **Language:** Brazilian Portuguese
- **Jurisdiction:** Brazil
- **Legal Nature:** Instance of a statute (formal written document creating law)
- **Approving Authority:** Presidency of the Federative Republic of Brazil via promulgation
- **Main Subjects:** Special budgetary adjustment (Credito Especial), expense (Despesa), Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Brazil (Itamarati/MRE)
- **Legal Citation:** Lei nº 428/1948
- **Documentation Status:** On the focus list of WikiProject Brazilian Laws

## FAQs
**What is the official citation for Law No. 428/1948?**
The official legal citation is "Lei nº 428/1948", which references its sequential number and year of enactment for precise identification in legal contexts.

**What specific purpose does Law No. 428/1948 serve?**
This law creates a special budgetary adjustment (Crédito Especial) to authorize an expense (Despesa) for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Brazil (Itamarati/MRE), allocating funds for its designated operations.

**Which Brazilian authority enacted this law?**
The law was approved and promulgated by the Presidency of the Federative Republic of Brazil on October 11, 1948, exercising executive authority in the legislative process.

**Where was Law No. 428/1948 officially published?**
It was published in Rio de Janeiro, which was the capital of Brazil at the time, as part of the official government gazette on the date of its enactment.

**What type of legal instrument is Law No. 428/1948?**
It is a statute, defined as a formal written document that creates law, encompassing acts, executive orders, and by-laws, and serving as the manifestation of statutory law.

**Is this law documented in any collaborative Wikimedia projects?**
Yes, it is listed on the focus list of WikiProject Brazilian Laws, indicating its inclusion in systematic efforts to document and improve coverage of Brazilian legislation on Wikimedia platforms.

## Why It Matters
Law No. 428/1948 matters as a concrete example of Brazil's statutory budgetary process, illustrating how legislative mechanisms authorize specific expenditures for government ministries. By allocating a special credit to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, it directly supports the funding of diplomatic missions and international relations during a specific historical period. Its preservation in digital repositories like LexML Brazil and inclusion in WikiProject Brazilian Laws ensures ongoing accessibility for legal professionals, historians, and the public, reinforcing transparency in federal spending and the archival of national legislation.

## Notable For
- **Specific Historical Budgetary Law:** Enacted in 1948, it reflects post-war fiscal management priorities for Brazil's foreign service.
- **Targeted Funding Mechanism:** Uses the "Crédito Especial" instrument to provide extraordinary budgetary resources exclusively for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
- **LexML Documentation:** Assigned a unique, persistent identifier in Brazil's official legislative XML system for reliable digital access.
- **Wikimedia Recognition:** Included on the focus list of WikiProject Brazilian Laws, marking it for dedicated documentation and quality improvement on Wikipedia.
- **Statutory Form:** Exemplifies a statute as a formal written legal act, distinct from broader concepts of law or legislation.

## Body

### Legal Classification and Nature
Law No. 428/1948 is formally classified as an **instance of a statute**. A statute is defined as a formal written document that creates law, encompassing acts, executive orders, and by-laws. As a statute, this law functions as the tangible manifestation of statutory law, composed of legal norms and resulting from the legislative act. It is part of the broader conceptual framework of "law" and "legal act," following the precedent of "draft laws" and being caused by the process of "legislation."

### Enactment and Promulgation
The law was **approved by the Presidency of the Federative Republic of Brazil**. The act of approval occurred on **October 11, 1948**, with the **determination method** specified as **promulgation**. This indicates the executive branch formally enacted the law after its passage through the legislative process. The **place of publication** was **Rio de Janeiro**, which served as Brazil's capital until 1960.

### Subject Matter and Provisions
The law's **main subject** is a **special budgetary adjustment**, stated in Portuguese as **"Credito Especial"**. This mechanism authorizes a specific **expense** ("Despesa") to be allocated. The beneficiary of this appropriation is explicitly the **Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Brazil**, referenced by its common alias **"Itamarati (Mre)"**. Therefore, the law's core provision is the creation of a special credit line to fund the operational requirements of the foreign ministry.

### Jurisdictional and Linguistic Scope
The law **applies to the jurisdiction of Brazil**, meaning its legal force is confined to the national territory and federal entities. The **language of the work or name** is **Brazilian Portuguese**, consistent with all official federal legislation. This linguistic specification ensures the authoritative text is in the country's official language.

### Documentation and Identification
The law possesses a unique identifier in Brazil's digital legislative framework: the **LexML Brazil ID** is **urn:lex:br:federal:lei:1948-10-11;428**. For traditional legal citation, it is referenced as **"Lei nº 428/1948"**. Its **Wikidata description** succinctly categorizes it as a **"Brazilian law"**. The **publication date** is recorded as **1948-10-11**, with sourcing circumstances noted as inference from the official source.

### Project and Archival Context
This specific law is recognized within collaborative knowledge initiatives. It is listed on the **on_focus_list_of_wikimedia_project** property as being under the purview of **WikiProject Brazilian Laws**. This designation signifies that the article about this law is a targeted item for improvement, sourcing, and maintenance within that WikiProject, which coordinates editors focusing on Brazilian legislation.

## References

1. [Source](https://www.lexml.gov.br/urn/urn:lex:br:federal:lei:1948-10-11;428)