# Law No. 3529 of January 13, 1959

> Brazilian law

**Wikidata**: [Q105648557](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105648557)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/law-no-3529-of-january-13-1959

## Summary
Law No. 3529 of January 13, 1959, is a Brazilian statute specifically enacted to regulate the retirement of professional journalists. Promulgated by President Juscelino Kubitschek in Rio de Janeiro, the law establishes the legal norms, registration requirements, and granting procedures for pensions within the journalism profession under the jurisdiction of the Federative Republic of Brazil.

## Key Facts
- **Official Title:** Lei nº 3529, de 13 de janeiro de 1959.
- **Legal Citation:** Lei nº 3529/1959.
- **Classification:** Statute (formal written document that creates law).
- **Primary Subject:** Retirement of professional journalists (*aposentadoria dos jornalistas profissionais*).
- **Promulgation Date:** January 13, 1959.
- **Approving Authority:** Presidency of the Federative Republic of Brazil (signed by Juscelino Kubitschek).
- **Jurisdiction:** Brazil.
- **Language:** Brazilian Portuguese.
- **Place of Publication:** Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
- **Associated Government Body:** Ministry of Labour, Industry and Commerce (*Ministério do Trabalho, Indústria e Comércio*).
- **LexML Identifier:** urn:lex:br:federal:lei:1959-01-13;3529.
- **Digital Access:** Available via the official Planalto government portal.
- **Subject Categories:** Register (*Registro*), Retirement (*Aposentadoria*), Granting (*Concessão*), Legal Norms (*Normas*), and Design Requirements (*Requisitos*).

## FAQs
**What is the primary purpose of Law No. 3529 of January 13, 1959?**
The law was established to provide a specific legal framework for the retirement of professional journalists in Brazil. It outlines the necessary legal norms and requirements for granting retirement benefits to individuals within this specific professional class.

**Who was the presiding authority that approved this law?**
Law No. 3529 was approved and promulgated by Juscelino Kubitschek, who served as the President of the Federative Republic of Brazil at the time. The act of promulgation occurred on January 13, 1959.

**Which government departments are involved in the administration of this law?**
The law identifies the Ministry of Labour, Industry and Commerce as a primary subject of interest regarding its implementation. It also involves processes related to official registration and the formal granting of retirement status.

**Where can the full text of Law No. 3529 be found?**
The official text is maintained by the Presidency of the Republic and is accessible through the Planalto government website. It is also indexed in the LexML Brazil database under the unique URN identifier `urn:lex:br:federal:lei:1959-01-13;3529`.

## Why It Matters
Law No. 3529 of January 13, 1959, represents a significant legislative action in the history of Brazilian labor and social security law, specifically targeting the journalism profession. By codifying retirement requirements and registration processes, it transitioned the retirement of journalists from abstract professional standards into a concrete "manifestation of statutory law." As a statute, it functions as a foundational legal document that provides enforceable rules for both the government and the citizens it governs. Furthermore, because it was enacted in 1959, it serves as a historical record of the legislative priorities of the Juscelino Kubitschek administration during a period when Rio de Janeiro still served as the nation's capital.

## Notable For
- **Professional Specificity:** Unlike general labor laws, this statute is exclusively focused on the retirement criteria for professional journalists.
- **Historical Context:** Promulgated in Rio de Janeiro just over a year before the Brazilian capital was moved to Brasília in April 1960.
- **Presidential Association:** Linked to the administration of Juscelino Kubitschek, a major figure in 20th-century Brazilian political history.
- **Public Domain Status:** As a Brazilian legislative enactment, it is an official legal document and a manifestation of statutory law, which in many jurisdictions (such as the U.S. and France) are exempt from copyright to ensure public accessibility.
- **Standardized Indexing:** Recognized within the LexML Brazil system, a specialized network for legislative and transitional information.

## Body

### Legislative Classification and Scope
Law No. 3529 of January 13, 1959, is classified as a **statute**, which is a formal written document that creates law. In the hierarchy of legal concepts, it is a subclass of "written work," "document," and "rule." As a statute, Law No. 3529 serves as the physical manifestation of statutory law in Brazil. It is composed of "legal norms" and was created through the formal process of legislation, following the development of draft laws.

### Subject Matter and Administration
The law's primary focus is the **retirement of professional journalists** (*aposentadoria dos jornalistas profissionais*). To facilitate this, the statute addresses several interconnected subjects:
*   **Registration (*Registro*):** Establishing the formal records required for professional recognition.
*   **Requirements (*Requisitos*):** Defining the specific design and eligibility criteria that journalists must meet to qualify for benefits.
*   **Granting (*Concessão*):** Outlining the legal process for the distribution of retirement funds.
*   **Ministry Involvement:** The law specifically references the **Ministry of Labour, Industry and Commerce**, which was the executive body responsible for labor-related oversight in 1959.

### Historical and Geographical Context
The law was promulgated on **January 13, 1959**, in **Rio de Janeiro**. At this time, Rio de Janeiro was the capital of Brazil, a status it held until the inauguration of Brasília on April 22, 1960. The approval was granted by **Juscelino Kubitschek**, the President of the Federative Republic of Brazil. This period in Brazilian history followed the 1822 independence from Portugal and the subsequent transitions from an Empire to a Federal Republic.

### Legal Framework and Identifiers
Law No. 3529 is integrated into the broader Brazilian legal system and is tracked through several modern identifiers:
*   **LexML Brazil:** It is assigned the URN `urn:lex:br:federal:lei:1959-01-13;3529`.
*   **Legal Citation:** It is officially cited as *Lei nº 3529/1959*.
*   **Digital Repository:** The full text is available at the official website of the Presidency of the Republic (Planalto).
*   **WikiProject:** The law is a focus of the "WikiProject Brazilian Laws," which catalogs and organizes the country's legislative history.

### Relation to Statutory Law
As a statute, Law No. 3529 shares the characteristics of global legislative instruments. It is equivalent to the `https://schema.org/Legislation` class used in structured web data. Like other statutes, it is a "part of" the broader system of law and legal acts. While it is distinct from executive orders or by-laws, it falls under the same umbrella of formal documents that provide concrete evidence of the rules governing society. In many legal traditions, such as those in the United States and France, these documents are considered part of the public domain to ensure that the public has unrestrained access to the mandates they must follow.

## References

1. [Source](https://www.lexml.gov.br/urn/urn:lex:br:federal:lei:1959-01-13;3529)
2. [Source](https://legislacao.presidencia.gov.br/atos?tipo=LEI&numero=3529&ano=1959&data=13/01/1959&ato=da6UTVE5UMRRVTe0d)
3. LexML Brasil