# Law No. 3189 of July 2, 1957

> Brazilian law

**Wikidata**: [Q105649217](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105649217)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/law-no-3189-of-july-2-1957

## Summary
Law No. 3189 of July 2, 1957, is a Brazilian federal statute that permits the admission of juridical persons (legal entities) into passenger and cargo transport cooperatives. It was promulgated by President Juscelino Kubitschek and published in Rio de Janeiro on its date of enactment. The law is formally classified as a statute, which is a written document that creates law.

## Key Facts
- **Full Title:** Lei nº 3189, de 2 de julho de 1957.
- **Type:** A statute, which is a formal written document that creates law, encompassing acts, executive orders, and by-laws.
- **Country/Jurisdiction:** Brazil.
- **Publication Date:** July 2, 1957.
- **Place of Publication:** Rio de Janeiro.
- **Approved By:** The Presidency of the Federative Republic of Brazil, with Juscelino Kubitschek as the president at the time of promulgation.
- **Legal Digest:** "PERMITE A ADMISSÃO DE PESSOAS JURIDICAS NAS COOPERATIVAS DE TRANSPORTE DE PASSAGEIROS E CARGAS." (Permits the admission of juridical persons into passenger and cargo transport cooperatives.)
- **Language:** Brazilian Portuguese.
- **Official URL:** https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/leis/1950-1969/l3189.htm
- **Legal Citation:** Lei nº 3189/1957.
- **LexML Brazil ID:** urn:lex:br:federal:lei:1957-07-02;3189
- **Main Subjects:** Juridical person (stated as "Pessoa Juridica"), transport (stated as "Transporte"), authorization (stated as "Autorização"), and recruitment (stated as "Admissão").
- **Wikidata Description:** Brazilian law.
- **Wikimedia Project:** It is on the focus list of WikiProject Brazilian Laws.

## FAQs
**What is the primary purpose of Law No. 3189/1957?**
This law's main purpose is to authorize the inclusion of legal entities (companies or organizations) as members of cooperatives that operate in the passenger and cargo transport sectors. It modifies the membership rules for these specific types of cooperatives.

**Who was responsible for enacting this law?**
The law was promulgated by the Presidency of the Federative Republic of Brazil, with Juscelino Kubitschek serving as president at the time. The official act of promulgation occurred on July 2, 1957.

**What are the key legal concepts associated with this law?**
The law primarily deals with the concepts of juridical persons (legal entities), transport cooperatives, authorization, and recruitment or admission processes. It operates within the broader Brazilian legal system as a federal statute.

## Why It Matters
Law No. 3189/1957 matters because it specifically altered the operational rules for transport cooperatives in Brazil by expanding membership eligibility to include juridical persons. This change potentially allowed for greater investment and organizational participation in the cooperative transport sector, which could influence the efficiency and structure of passenger and cargo transportation services. As a statute, it represents a formal exercise of government authority, creating a binding legal rule that contributes to the body of Brazilian statutory law. Its status as an official legal document ensures it is part of the public domain, guaranteeing transparency and access to the laws that govern commercial and cooperative activities.

## Notable For
- **Specific Legal Focus:** It addresses a niche area of cooperative law, specifically concerning membership rules for transport cooperatives.
- **Historical Context:** It was enacted during the presidency of Juscelino Kubitschek, a significant period in Brazilian history.
- **Formal Classification:** It is a clear example of a "statute," a foundational legal concept defined as a formal written document that creates law.
- **Structured Data Integration:** It has a unique LexML Brazil identifier (urn:lex:br:federal:lei:1957-07-02;3189), facilitating its integration into digital legal databases.

## Body

### Definition and Legal Classification
Law No. 3189 of July 2, 1957, is formally classified as a **statute**. A statute is defined as a formal written document that creates law, encompassing acts passed by legislatures, executive orders, and by-laws. It is a manifestation of statutory law and is created through the process of legislation. This classification places it within a foundational legal category that is recognized in global knowledge systems and library classifications, such as the Dewey Decimal System (342.057, 348.02).

### Content and Subject Matter
The law's digest summarizes its core provision: it permits the admission of juridical persons (legal entities) into cooperatives of passenger and cargo transport. Its main subjects, as identified in its metadata, are:
- **Juridical Person** (Pessoa Juridica)
- **Transport** (Transporte)
- **Authorization** (Autorização)
- **Recruitment** (Admissão)

This indicates the law's focus on regulating the membership composition of cooperatives operating within the Brazilian transport sector.

### Promulgation and Publication
The law was **approved by** the Presidency of the Federative Republic of Brazil. The act of promulgation occurred on **July 2, 1957**, with **Juscelino Kubitschek** as the president. It was officially published in **Rio de Janeiro**, which was the capital of Brazil at the time (the capital moved to Brasília in 1960). The official, authentic text of the law is hosted on the Brazilian government's portal at `https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/leis/1950-1969/l3189.htm`.

### Jurisdictional Scope and Language
The law applies to the jurisdiction of **Brazil**. It is written in **Brazilian Portuguese**, the official language of the country. Its legal citation is formally recognized as **Lei nº 3189/1957**.

### Integration into Legal and Knowledge Systems
The law is cataloged in Brazil's official legal information system, LexML, with the identifier **urn:lex:br:federal:lei:1957-07-02;3189**. It is also the subject of attention within the Wikimedia ecosystem, being included on the focus list of **WikiProject Brazilian Laws**, which aims to improve the coverage and quality of information about Brazilian legislation on Wikipedia and related projects.

## References

1. [Source](https://www.lexml.gov.br/urn/urn:lex:br:federal:lei:1957-07-02;3189)
2. [Source](https://legislacao.presidencia.gov.br/atos?tipo=LEI&numero=3189&ano=1957&data=02/07/1957&ato=c4fQTW65UMNRVT413)
3. LexML Brasil