# Law No. 2978 of November 29, 1956

> Brazilian law

**Wikidata**: [Q105649508](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105649508)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/law-no-2978-of-november-29-1956

## Summary
Law No. 2978 of November 29, 1956, is a Brazilian statute enacted under the presidency of Juscelino Kubitschek that authorizes the Executive Power to provide financial assistance to the Companhia Mogiana de Estradas de Ferro. Classified as a special budgetary adjustment involving the Ministry of Transport, this legislation addresses railway infrastructure funding and establishes other related provisions. It was published in Rio de Janeiro in Brazilian Portuguese and serves as a formal manifestation of statutory law within the Federative Republic of Brazil.

## Key Facts
- **Official Title:** Lei nº 2978, de 29 de novembro de 1956 (Law No. 2978 of November 29, 1956).
- **Legal Citation:** Lei nº 2978/1956.
- **Jurisdiction:** Brazil (Federative Republic of Brazil).
- **Date of Publication/Approval:** November 29, 1956.
- **Approving Authority:** Presidency of the Federative Republic of Brazil.
- **Approving Official:** Juscelino Kubitschek (via promulgation).
- **Place of Publication:** Rio de Janeiro.
- **Language:** Brazilian Portuguese.
- **Instance Of:** Statute (a formal written document that creates law).
- **Main Subject:** Authorization of financial aid to the Companhia Mogiana de Estradas de Ferro.
- **Specific Topics:** Special budgetary adjustment (Crédito Especial), financial aid (Auxílio Financeiro), railway (Ferrovia), and the Ministry of Transport (Ministério da Viação e Obras Públicas).
- **Legal Digest:** "AUTORIZA O PODER EXECUTIVO A AUXILIAR A COMPANHIA MOGIANA DE ESTRADAS DE FERRO, E DA OUTRAS PROVIDENCIAS."
- **LexML ID:** urn:lex:br:federal:lei:1956-11-29;2978.
- **Official URL:** https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/leis/1950-1969/l2978.htm.
- **WikiProject:** WikiProject Brazilian Laws.

## FAQs
**What is the primary purpose of Law No. 2978/1956?**
The primary purpose of this law is to authorize the Executive Power to assist the Companhia Mogiana de Estradas de Ferro. It also provides for other related measures, categorized under special budgetary adjustments and financial aid for railways.

**Who enacted Law No. 2978 of November 29, 1956?**
The law was approved by the Presidency of the Federative Republic of Brazil. It was promulgated on November 29, 1956, under the administration of President Juscelino Kubitschek.

**Where was this law published and in what language?**
The law was published in Rio de Janeiro, the capital of Brazil at the time. The text is written in Brazilian Portuguese, which is the official language of the Federative Republic of Brazil.

**Is this law copyrighted?**
No, as a statute, Law No. 2978/1956 is considered a public domain document. Following the "edict of government doctrine," official legal documents such as legislative enactments are not subject to copyright, ensuring public access to the law.

**What government ministry is associated with this law?**
The law is associated with the Ministry of Transport of Brazil, referred to in the text as "Ministerio Da Viação E Obras Publicas" (Ministry of Transport and Public Works).

## Why It Matters
Law No. 2978 of November 29, 1956, matters as a concrete example of state intervention in Brazil's railway infrastructure during the mid-20th century. By authorizing a special budgetary adjustment and financial aid to the Companhia Mogiana de Estradas de Ferro, the statute illustrates the government's role in maintaining and supporting critical transportation networks through statutory mechanisms. As a formal written document, it serves as the definitive manifestation of statutory law regarding this specific financial allocation, ensuring that the executive branch's actions were grounded in legal authority. Its preservation in public repositories and classification as a statute reinforce the principles of open government and the rule of law by maintaining an accessible, official record of the legal norms governing public funds and railway operations.

## Notable For
- **Specific Entity Target:** Notable for authorizing aid specifically to the Companhia Mogiana de Estradas de Ferro, a key railway company in Brazilian history.
- **Budgetary Classification:** Categorized as a "Crédito Especial" (Special Credit), indicating a specific allocation of funds outside the regular budget.
- **Historical Administration:** Enacted during the presidency of Juscelino Kubitschek, a period marked by developmentalist policies in Brazil.
- **Legal Structure:** Recognized as a "statute," placing it within the foundational class of legal documents that create law, distinct from abstract legal concepts.
- **Public Domain Status:** Holds the standard status of Brazilian statutes, being free from copyright restrictions to ensure public accessibility.

## Body

### Legal Classification and Nature
Law No. 2978 of November 29, 1956, is classified as a **statute**, which is defined as a formal written document that creates law. As a subclass of "written work," "document," and "rule," it functions as the concrete manifestation of statutory law. This classification distinguishes the law as the physical or formal expression of a legal rule, rather than an abstract concept. Like other statutes, it is composed of legal norms and serves as the official record of a legal enactment by the government. In terms of intellectual property, this document follows the "edict of government doctrine," meaning it is in the public domain and not subject to copyright restrictions, ensuring unrestrained access for the public.

### Legislative Context and Approval
The legislation was approved by the **Presidency of the Federative Republic of Brazil**. The specific determination method for its approval was **promulgation**, which occurred on **November 29, 1956**. The qualifier for the presidency at the time of this promulgation was **Juscelino Kubitschek**. This places the law within the historical context of the mid-1950s in Brazil, a period when the country was operating as a federal republic. The law is part of the broader collection of Brazilian federal laws, indexed under WikiProject Brazilian Laws, and is identified by the specific legal citation "Lei nº 2978/1956."

### Subject Matter and Scope
The core subject of the law is the authorization of financial assistance to the **Companhia Mogiana de Estradas de Ferro**. The legal digest summarizes the text as: "AUTORIZA O PODER EXECUTIVO A AUXILIAR A COMPANHIA MOGIANA DE ESTRADAS DE FERRO, E DA OUTRAS PROVIDENCIAS" (Authorizes the Executive Power to assist the Mogiana Railway Company, and gives other provisions).

The law encompasses several specific topics and subjects:
- **Special Budgetary Adjustment:** Categorized as "Crédito Especial," indicating a specific financial mechanism.
- **Financial Aid:** Described as "Auxílio Financeiro," defining the nature of the assistance provided.
- **Railway:** The sector of application, identified as "Ferrovia."
- **Ministry of Transport:** The government body involved, cited as "Ministerio Da Viação E Obras Publicas" (Ministry of Transport and Public Works).

### Jurisdiction, Language, and Publication
This statute applies to the jurisdiction of **Brazil**, specifically the **Federative Republic of Brazil**. The document is written in **Brazilian Portuguese**, the official language of the country. The place of publication is listed as **Rio de Janeiro**, which was the federal capital of Brazil at the time (the capital was moved to Brasília in 1960). The publication date is consistent with the date of approval, November 29, 1956.

### Identifiers and Access
The law is cataloged with several technical identifiers that facilitate its retrieval and reference in legal databases:
- **LexML Brazil ID:** `urn:lex:br:federal:lei:1956-11-29;2978`
- **Official URL:** The full text is available at `https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/leis/1950-1969/l2978.htm`, hosted by the Presidency of the Republic.
- **Wikidata Description:** Described simply as "Brazilian law."
- **Aliases:** Recognized as "Lei nº 2978, de 29 de novembro de 1956."

These identifiers ensure the law is integrated into the structured data of the Brazilian legal system, aligning with global standards for legislation such as `https://schema.org/Legislation`.

## References

1. [Source](https://www.lexml.gov.br/urn/urn:lex:br:federal:lei:1956-11-29;2978)
2. [Source](https://legislacao.presidencia.gov.br/atos?tipo=LEI&numero=2978&ano=1956&data=29/11/1956&ato=bcdcXUU90dNRVT942)
3. LexML Brasil