# Law No. 2948 of November 17, 1956

> Brazilian law

**Wikidata**: [Q105648960](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105648960)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/law-no-2948-of-november-17-1956

## Summary
Law No. 2948 of November 17, 1956, is a Brazilian statute enacted under President Juscelino Kubitschek that authorizes a special budgetary adjustment for the Brazilian Election Justice and Regional Electoral Courts. Published in Rio de Janeiro, this formal written document allocates specific expenses and defines goals related to the judiciary's electoral functions. It serves as a tangible manifestation of statutory law within the Brazilian legal system.

## Key Facts
- **Official Title:** Lei nº 2948, de 17 de novembro de 1956.
- **Legal Citation:** Lei nº 2948/1956.
- **Date of Enactment:** November 17, 1956.
- **Jurisdiction:** Brazil.
- **Approving Authority:** Presidency of the Federative Republic of Brazil.
- **Approving President:** Juscelino Kubitschek (via promulgation).
- **Classification:** Statute (a formal written document that creates law).
- **Main Subject:** Special budgetary adjustment (Crédito Especial).
- **Key Beneficiaries:** Brazilian Election Justice (Justiça Eleitoral) and Regional Electoral Courts (Tribunal Regional Eleitoral).
- **Place of Publication:** Rio de Janeiro.
- **Language:** Brazilian Portuguese.
- **LexML ID:** urn:lex:br:federal:lei:1956-11-17;2948.
- **Official URL:** https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/leis/1950-1969/l2948.htm.
- **WikiProject:** WikiProject Brazilian Laws.
- **Copyright Status:** Public domain (as an official government edict).

## FAQs
**What is the primary purpose of Law No. 2948?**
The law's primary purpose is to authorize a special budgetary adjustment, known as "Crédito Especial," to fund specific expenses and goals for the Brazilian Election Justice and Regional Electoral Courts.

**Who enacted Law No. 2948 and when?**
The law was enacted on November 17, 1956, by the Presidency of the Federative Republic of Brazil, specifically through promulgation by President Juscelino Kubitschek.

**Where was this law published?**
This statute was published in Rio de Janeiro, which was the federal capital of Brazil at the time, prior to the transfer to Brasília in 1960.

**How is this law classified within the legal system?**
It is classified as a statute, which is a formal written document and a subclass of a written work and rule, serving as the manifestation of statutory law.

**Is the text of this law freely accessible?**
Yes, as a statute, it is in the public domain under the edict of government doctrine, meaning it is not subject to copyright and is available at the official Presidência da República website.

## Why It Matters
Law No. 2948 matters because it provides the necessary financial framework for the operation of the Brazilian Electoral Justice system during a specific period of the mid-20th century. By authorizing a special budgetary adjustment, the law ensures that the Regional Electoral Courts have the explicit allocation of funds required to meet their operational goals and expenses. This highlights the critical role of statutes in formalizing government spending and administrative functions. As a public domain document, it also reinforces the principle of open government, ensuring that the legal mandates governing electoral processes are accessible to the public. The law represents a concrete example of how the Brazilian executive and judiciary branches interact through legislative instruments to maintain the infrastructure of democracy.

## Notable For
- **Presidential Context:** Enacted during the presidency of Juscelino Kubitschek, a key period in Brazilian history known for developmentalism and the eventual move of the capital to Brasília.
- **Electoral Focus:** Specifically targets the "Brazilian Election Justice" and "Regional Electoral Courts," distinguishing it from general budgetary laws.
- **LexML Standardization:** Features a standardized LexML ID (`urn:lex:br:federal:lei:1956-11-17;2948`), facilitating its integration into modern legal databases and semantic web systems.
- **Historical Geography:** Published in Rio de Janeiro, serving as a historical marker of the city's status as the capital before the 1960 transition.
- **WikiProject Coverage:** Included in the scope of WikiProject Brazilian Laws, indicating its recognition and maintenance within the Wikimedia knowledge ecosystem.

## Body

### Legal Classification and Nature
Law No. 2948 is classified as a **statute**, a foundational legal concept defined as a formal written document that creates law. As a statute, it falls under the broader categories of "written work," "document," and "rule," functioning as the concrete manifestation of statutory law. It is distinct from abstract legal theories, serving instead as the tangible "legal act" that records and enforces rules. Like other statutes, it is composed of "legal norms" and follows the "draft laws" stage of the legislative process. In accordance with the "edict of government doctrine," this document is in the public domain, ensuring unrestrained access to the legal text it contains.

### Legislative Context and Approval
The law was approved on **November 17, 1956**, by the **Presidency of the Federative Republic of Brazil**. The determination method for this approval was **promulgation**, executed by President **Juscelino Kubitschek**. This places the law within the context of the Kubitschek administration, a era marked by significant political and economic development in Brazil. The enactment process transformed the draft proposal into a binding legal instrument applicable throughout the national territory.

### Subject Matter and Budgetary Provisions
The core content of Law No. 2948 revolves around a **special budgetary adjustment** (referred to in Portuguese as *Crédito Especial*). The law addresses several specific financial and administrative concepts:
- **Expense (*Despesa*):** It authorizes the allocation of funds to cover specific costs.
- **Goal (*Objetivo*):** It defines the intended outcomes or purposes of the expenditure.
- **End/Destination (*Destinação*):** It specifies where the resources are to be applied.
- **Attendance (*Atendimento*):** It relates to the fulfillment of requirements or service provisions.

The primary beneficiaries of these provisions are the **Brazilian Election Justice** (*Justiça Eleitoral*) and the **Regional Electoral Courts** (*Tribunal Regional Eleitoral*). By focusing on the **judiciary**—specifically the electoral arm—the law ensures that the infrastructure necessary for managing elections is financially supported.

### Publication and Jurisdiction
The statute applies to the jurisdiction of **Brazil**. It was published on **November 17, 1956**, in the city of **Rio de Janeiro**. At the time of publication, Rio de Janeiro was the capital of Brazil, as the transition to Brasília occurred in April 1960. The document is written in **Brazilian Portuguese**, the official language of the country. Its official legal citation is **Lei nº 2948/1956**.

### Identifiers and Accessibility
Law No. 2948 is cataloged with several technical identifiers that ensure its retrievability and linkage in digital systems:
- **LexML Brazil ID:** `urn:lex:br:federal:lei:1956-11-17;2948`
- **Work URL:** The full text is available at the official Presidência da República portal: `https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/leis/1950-1969/l2948.htm`

It is also recognized within the **WikiProject Brazilian Laws**, highlighting its importance in the documentation of Brazilian legal history. As a statute, it is equivalent to the `https://schema.org/Legislation` class in structured data, making it compatible with semantic web technologies and knowledge graphs.

## References

1. [Source](https://www.lexml.gov.br/urn/urn:lex:br:federal:lei:1956-11-17;2948)
2. [Source](https://legislacao.presidencia.gov.br/atos?tipo=LEI&numero=2948&ano=1956&data=17/11/1956&ato=487g3ZE90dNRVTd39)