# Law No. 2912 of October 12, 1956

> Brazilian law

**Wikidata**: [Q105649649](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105649649)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/law-no-2912-of-october-12-1956

## Summary
Law No. 2912 of October 12, 1956 (Lei nº 2912, de 12 de outubro de 1956) is a Brazilian federal statute enacted during the presidency of Juscelino Kubitschek. Promulgated on October 12, 1956, and published in Rio de Janeiro, the law addresses tariffs, import taxes, the importation of foreign goods, and exemptions, with a specific focus on the railway sector. It is legally cited as Lei nº 2912/1956 and is available on the official Planalto government website.

## Key Facts
- **Full Title:** Lei nº 2912, de 12 de outubro de 1956
- **Also Known As:** Lei nº 2912/1956
- **Type of Entity:** Statute (formal written document that creates law)
- **Jurisdiction:** Federative Republic of Brazil
- **Date of Promulgation:** October 12, 1956
- **Approving Authority:** Presidency of the Federative Republic of Brazil
- **Approving Official:** Juscelino Kubitschek (President of Brazil)
- **Place of Publication:** Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- **Language:** Brazilian Portuguese
- **Lexml Brazil ID:** urn:lex:br:federal:lei:1956-10-12;2912
- **Official URL:** https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/leis/1950-1969/l2912.htm
- **Main Subjects:** Tariff (Taxa Aduaneira), Import Tax (Imposto De Importação), Import of Foreign Goods (Mercadoria Estrangeira), Railway (Ferrovia), Tax Exemption (Isenção)
- **WikiProject:** On focus list of WikiProject Brazilian Laws

## FAQs
**What is Law No. 2912 of October 12, 1956?**
Law No. 2912 is a Brazilian federal statute enacted on October 12, 1956, under President Juscelino Kubitschek. It is a formal legal document that regulates tariffs, import taxes, and tax exemptions, specifically concerning the import of foreign goods and the railway sector.

**Who approved and promulgated this law?**
The law was approved by the Presidency of the Federative Republic of Brazil and was promulgated by President Juscelino Kubitschek on October 12, 1956.

**What are the main topics covered by this statute?**
The statute's main subjects include customs tariffs (Taxa Aduaneira), import taxes (Imposto De Importação), the recruitment or importation of foreign goods (Mercadoria Estrangeira), railways (Ferrovia), and tax exemptions (Isenção).

**Where can the full text of the law be accessed?**
The full text of Law No. 2912 of October 12, 1956, is available at the official Planalto government website at https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/leis/1950-1969/l2912.htm. It is also referenced by its Lexml Brazil ID: urn:lex:br:federal:lei:1956-10-12;2912.

## Why It Matters
Law No. 2912 of October 12, 1956, is a significant example of Brazilian federal legislation from the mid-20th century. Enacted during the administration of President Juscelino Kubitschek—a period known for rapid industrialization and infrastructure development—the law reflects the government's active role in regulating trade and supporting strategic sectors like the railway system. By establishing rules for tariffs, import taxes, and exemptions, it provided a legal framework for the importation of foreign goods, which was crucial for national development projects. As a statute, it serves as a concrete manifestation of statutory law, ensuring that legal mandates are documented, accessible, and enforceable.

## Notable For
- **Mid-20th Century Legislation:** Enacted in 1956 during a pivotal era of Brazilian industrialization.
- **Presidential Promulgation:** Directly sanctioned by President Juscelino Kubitschek.
- **Focus on Railways:** One of its main subjects is the railway sector (Ferrovia), indicating its role in transportation infrastructure.
- **Trade Regulation:** Addresses key customs and import concepts including tariffs (Taxa Aduaneira) and import taxes (Imposto De Importação).
- **Official Digital Record:** Preserved and accessible via the official Brazilian government portal (Planalto) and indexed in the Lexml system.

## Body

### Legal Identity and Classification
Law No. 2912 of October 12, 1956, is formally classified as a **statute**—a formal written document that creates law. Statutes are foundational legal concepts, serving as the manifestation of statutory law. This law functions as a "legal norm" and is a part of the broader concepts of "law" and "legal act" within the Brazilian legal system. It is identified as an instance of a "legal term or legal concept" and is a subclass of "written work," "document," and "rule."

The law's official title is **Lei nº 2912, de 12 de outubro de 1956**. It is also legally cited as **Lei nº 2912/1956**. The document is written in **Brazilian Portuguese**, the official language of Brazil.

### Historical Context and Authority
The law was created through the act of legislation, following "draft laws," and was officially promulgated on **October 12, 1956**. The approving authority was the **Presidency of the Federative Republic of Brazil**. The promulgation was performed by **Juscelino Kubitschek**, who was serving as the President of Brazil at that time.

The place of publication for the law was **Rio de Janeiro**, which was the capital of Brazil until 1960. This places the law's origin in the final years of Rio de Janeiro's status as the federal capital, shortly before the inauguration of Brasília in 1960.

### Subject Matter and Scope
The statute focuses on several interconnected economic and infrastructure-related subjects:
- **Tariff (Taxa Aduaneira):** The law addresses customs tariffs, which are taxes on imports or exports between sovereign states.
- **Import Tax (Imposto De Importação):** It specifically deals with taxes levied on imported goods.
- **Import of Foreign Goods (Mercadoria Estrangeira):** The law regulates the importation of goods from foreign sources, which in this context is linked to the concept of recruitment.
- **Railway (Ferrovia):** A key subject of the law is the railway sector, suggesting provisions related to the importation of goods or materials for railway infrastructure.
- **Tax Exemption (Isenção):** The law includes provisions for tax exemptions, likely related to the other subjects.

### Jurisdiction and Accessibility
The law applies to the jurisdiction of **Brazil** (officially the Federative Republic of Brazil). As the largest country in South America, Brazil's federal laws apply throughout its 26 states and one Federal District.

The full text of the law is digitally preserved and accessible to the public. The **work available at URL** is hosted on the official Planalto government website at `https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/leis/1950-1969/l2912.htm`. It is also indexed in the Brazilian legal information system, with a **Lexml Brazil ID** of `urn:lex:br:federal:lei:1956-10-12;2912`. These references ensure that the statute remains a matter of public record, consistent with the principle that laws governing the public should be freely owned by the public.

### Relation to Broader Legal Concepts
As a statute, Law No. 2912 is part of the global concept of statutory law. Statutes are generally in the public domain in jurisdictions like the United States (per the "edict of government doctrine") and France, as they are official legal documents not subject to copyright. This principle supports public accessibility to legal texts. The law is also recognized within structured knowledge systems, being on the focus list of **WikiProject Brazilian Laws**, which aims to improve coverage of Brazilian legal topics on Wikimedia projects.

## References

1. [Source](https://www.lexml.gov.br/urn/urn:lex:br:federal:lei:1956-10-12;2912)
2. [Source](https://legislacao.presidencia.gov.br/atos?tipo=LEI&numero=2912&ano=1956&data=12/10/1956&ato=a0bQTQE90dNRVTffc)