# KuMir

> educational integrated development environment

**Wikidata**: [Q4243417](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4243417)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/kumir

## Summary
KuMir is an educational integrated development environment (IDE) and programming language designed to teach the fundamentals of computer science and algorithms. Developed by the Scientific Research Institute of System Development (NIISI), it provides a structured, Russian-language environment for students to learn programming logic across multiple operating systems.

## Key Facts
- **Developer:** Scientific Research Institute of System Development (NIISI).
- **Classification:** Functions as both an educational programming language and an integrated development environment (IDE).
- **License:** Distributed under the GNU General Public License, version 2.0.
- **Operating Systems:** Cross-platform support for Microsoft Windows, macOS, and Linux.
- **Primary Language:** The software and its documentation are primarily in Russian.
- **Technical Framework:** Built using the Qt GUI toolkit or framework.
- **Stable Version:** Version 2.1.0, released on July 30, 2015.
- **File Extension:** Uses the `.kum` file extension for source code files.
- **Aliases:** Also known as "Miry Kushnirenko" and "Komplekt Uchebnykh MIRov" (Set of Educational Worlds).

## FAQs
### Q: What is the primary purpose of KuMir?
A: KuMir is designed as an educational tool to help students master algorithmic thinking and the basics of programming. It provides a simplified environment and a specialized educational language to bridge the gap between abstract logic and practical software development.

### Q: Which operating systems can run KuMir?
A: KuMir is compatible with several major operating systems, including Microsoft Windows, macOS, and Linux. This cross-platform availability ensures it can be used in various school and university laboratory settings.

### Q: Is KuMir an open-source project?
A: Yes, KuMir is released under the GNU General Public License v2.0. Its source code is maintained in a repository by the Scientific Research Institute of System Development (NIISI), making it an accessible resource for the educational community.

### Q: What does the name "KuMir" mean?
A: The name is an acronym for "Komplekt Uchebnykh MIRov" (Комплект Учебных МИРов), which translates to "Set of Educational Worlds." It is also frequently referred to by the alias "Miry Kushnirenko."

## Why It Matters
KuMir serves as a critical pedagogical tool within the Russian-speaking educational landscape, specifically tailored to introduce students to the world of informatics. Developed by the Scientific Research Institute of System Development (NIISI), it addresses the need for a localized, accessible environment where beginners can learn programming without the initial hurdle of complex industry-standard syntax. 

The significance of KuMir lies in its ability to provide a "set of educational worlds" that allow for the visualization of algorithms. By using a language that supports Russian-language commands, it lowers the barrier to entry for younger students, allowing them to focus on the core logic of loops, conditions, and variables. Its cross-platform nature—supporting Windows, macOS, and Linux—ensures that it remains a versatile choice for diverse institutional infrastructures. 

Furthermore, KuMir acts as a stepping stone toward general-purpose languages like Python. By establishing a strong foundation in algorithmic literacy through a dedicated educational IDE, it prepares students for more advanced technical challenges. Its long-standing development history and open-source licensing under the GNU GPL v2.0 further cement its role as a stable and transparent pillar of computer science education.

## Notable For
- **Localized Syntax:** Features an educational programming language that utilizes Russian-language commands for teaching logic.
- **NIISI Development:** Created and maintained by the Scientific Research Institute of System Development, a major research institution.
- **Visual Learning:** Known for its "Educational Worlds" (Miry Kushnirenko) which provide a graphical context for executing code.
- **Open Access:** Licensed under GNU GPL v2.0 and dedicated to the public domain by the copyright holder.

## Body

### Development and Licensing
KuMir is a product of the Scientific Research Institute of System Development (NIISI). The software is released under the GNU General Public License, version 2.0. While the software is copyrighted, the holder has also dedicated it to the public domain. The source code is hosted at `https://git.niisi.ru/kumir/kumir2`.

### Technical Architecture
The environment is built using the Qt framework, which facilitates its graphical user interface and cross-platform capabilities. 
- **Supported Platforms:** Microsoft Windows, macOS, and Linux.
- **Linux Distribution:** It is available as an AUR package under the name `kumir2-git`.
- **File Handling:** The IDE saves and manages source files using the `.kum` extension.

### Version History and Evolution
KuMir has a documented history of updates spanning over a decade:
- **Early Stable Releases:** Versions 1.7.0 through 1.7.3 were released around 2010, with version 1.7.2 specifically dated November 22, 2010.
- **1.8 and 1.9 Series:** Version 1.8.0 and 1.9.0 were both released in 2012.
- **Modern Iterations:** Version 2.1.0 was established as the stable version on July 30, 2015. 
- **Recent Development:** A release candidate for the 2.x branch, version 2.1.0-rc11, was issued on March 5, 2020. Beta testing for this branch included versions 2.1.0-beta3 and beta4 in late 2013.

### Educational Integration
KuMir is classified as an educational programming language. It is often used in conjunction with or as a precursor to learning Python. The environment is designed to support the "Kushnirenko" method of teaching informatics, which is reflected in its aliases "Miry Kushnirenko" and "Komplekt Uchebnykh MIRov." The IDE includes a FAQ and official documentation hosted by NIISI to support educators and students.

## References

1. [Source](https://git.niisi.ru/kumir/kumir2/-/blob/master/LICENSE.md)
2. [2015](https://git.niisi.ru/kumir/kumir2/-/tags/2.1.0)
3. [2020](https://git.niisi.ru/kumir/kumir2/-/tags/2.1.0-rc11)
4. [Source](http://www.niisi.ru/kumir/dl.htm)
5. [Source](http://www.niisi.ru:80/kumir/dl.htm)
6. [Source](https://git.niisi.ru/kumir/kumir2/-/tags/2.1.0-beta3)
7. [Source](https://git.niisi.ru/kumir/kumir2/-/tags/2.1.0-beta4)
8. [Source](https://git.niisi.ru/kumir/kumir2/-/tags/2.1.0-beta5)
9. [Source](https://git.niisi.ru/kumir/kumir2/-/tags/2.1.0-beta6)
10. [Source](https://git.niisi.ru/kumir/kumir2/-/tags/2.1.0-pt1)
11. [Source](https://git.niisi.ru/kumir/kumir2/-/tags/2.1.0-pt2)
12. [Source](https://git.niisi.ru/kumir/kumir2/-/tags/2.1.0-pt3)
13. [Source](https://git.niisi.ru/kumir/kumir2/-/tags/2.1.0-pt4)
14. [Source](https://git.niisi.ru/kumir/kumir2/-/tags/2.1.0-pt5)
15. [Source](https://git.niisi.ru/kumir/kumir2/-/tags/2.1.0-pt6)
16. [Source](https://git.niisi.ru/kumir/kumir2/-/tags/2.1.0-rc2)
17. [Source](https://git.niisi.ru/kumir/kumir2/-/tags/2.1.0-rc3)
18. [Source](https://git.niisi.ru/kumir/kumir2/-/tags/2.1.0-pt7)
19. [Source](https://git.niisi.ru/kumir/kumir2/-/tags/2.1.0-pt8)
20. [Source](https://git.niisi.ru/kumir/kumir2/-/tags/2.1.0-rc1)
21. [Source](https://git.niisi.ru/kumir/kumir2/-/tags/2.1.0-beta1)
22. [Source](https://git.niisi.ru/kumir/kumir2/-/tags/2.1.0-beta2)
23. [Source](https://git.niisi.ru/kumir/kumir2/-/tags/2.1.0-rc4)
24. [Source](https://git.niisi.ru/kumir/kumir2/-/tags/2.1.0-rc5)
25. [Source](https://git.niisi.ru/kumir/kumir2/-/tags/2.1.0-rc6)
26. [Source](https://git.niisi.ru/kumir/kumir2/-/tags/2.1.0-rc7)
27. [Source](https://git.niisi.ru/kumir/kumir2/-/tags/2.1.0-rc8)
28. [Source](https://git.niisi.ru/kumir/kumir2/-/tags/2.1.0-rc9)
29. [Source](https://git.niisi.ru/kumir/kumir2/-/tags/2.1.0-rc10)
30. [КуМир](https://www.niisi.ru/kumir/faq.htm)