# John Hume

> Irish politician from Northern Ireland (1937–2020)

**Wikidata**: [Q193630](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193630)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Hume)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/john-hume

## Summary
John Hume (1937–2020) was an Irish politician from Northern Ireland best known for his political work on the peace process and for receiving major international recognition for those efforts, including the Nobel Peace Prize. He was a leading figure associated with the Social Democratic and Labour Party and a recipient of multiple national and international honours.

## Biography
- Born: 1937 (died 2020)
- Nationality: Irish
- Education: Honorary doctorates from University of Rennes 2 (France); Trinity College, Dublin (Ireland); University of Nice‑Sophia Antipolis (France)
- Known for: Political leadership and contributions to the peace process; internationally recognised with major peace and civil honours
- Employer(s): Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP) (political affiliation / notable past affiliation)
- Field(s): Politics; peace process

## Contributions
- Political leadership and active contribution to the peace process in Northern Ireland through work as a politician affiliated with the Social Democratic and Labour Party. The source identifies his role in politics and the peace process but does not list specific publications, laws, or named agreements.
- International recognition for non-violent political contributions, documented by multiple awards and honours:
  - Nobel Peace Prize (the Nobel Peace Prize is one of five Nobel Prizes; sitelink_count: 128). The source lists the prize among his recognitions.
  - Gandhi Peace Prize (award for contributions towards social, economic and political transformation through non-violence and other Gandhian methods; inception: 1995; country: India; sitelink_count: 28).
  - Peace Prize of Hesse (German peace award; country: Germany; inception: established 1993-10-16; first award ceremony 1994; sitelink_count: 2).
  - Officer of the Legion of Honour (second rank of the French Legion of Honour; country: France; sitelink_count: 10).
  - Ellis Island Medal of Honor (American award presented annually; inception: 1986; country: United States; sitelink_count: 10).
  - Honorary citizen of Palermo (Italy; sitelink_count: 1).
  - Honorary doctorates from University of Rennes 2 (France) and University of Nice‑Sophia Antipolis (France) and Trinity College, Dublin (Ireland) (each listed with sitelink_count where provided).

## FAQs
- Who was John Hume?
  - John Hume was an Irish politician from Northern Ireland (1937–2020) who worked in politics and on the peace process and received multiple international honours, including the Nobel Peace Prize.
- With which political party was John Hume associated?
  - He was associated with the Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP), a social democratic and Irish nationalist political party in Northern Ireland.
- What major international awards did John Hume receive?
  - He received major recognitions including the Nobel Peace Prize, the Gandhi Peace Prize (India), the Peace Prize of Hesse (Germany), the Officer of the Legion of Honour (France), and the Ellis Island Medal of Honor (United States).
- What honorary academic recognitions did he receive?
  - He received honorary doctorates from Trinity College, Dublin (Ireland), University of Rennes 2 (France), and University of Nice‑Sophia Antipolis (France).
- What was John Hume known for professionally?
  - He was known for his political work in Northern Ireland and his contributions to the peace process, as reflected by international peace and civil honours.
- What national contexts relate to John Hume’s life and work?
  - His life and work are connected to Ireland and Northern Ireland, and to the United Kingdom as the relevant state context for Northern Ireland.

## Why They Matter
John Hume’s significance is signalled by the breadth of international recognitions tied directly to non-violent political change and peacebuilding. Receipt of the Nobel Peace Prize and awards such as the Gandhi Peace Prize and the Peace Prize of Hesse mark him as a figure whose approach to politics emphasized negotiation and non‑violence. These honours indicate that his work influenced political discourse and practice around the peace process in Northern Ireland and that his methods and example were acknowledged beyond Ireland, affecting how actors in politics and civil society conceive of conflict resolution. Without his contributions and the international attention they drew, the public record and recognition of non‑violent political strategies in Northern Ireland would be materially diminished.

## Notable For
- Receiving the Nobel Peace Prize (the Nobel Peace Prize is one of five Nobel Prizes; sitelink_count: 128).
- Receiving the Gandhi Peace Prize (inception 1995; country: India; sitelink_count: 28).
- Receiving the Peace Prize of Hesse (German peace award; establishment noted 1993-10-16; first award ceremony 1994; country: Germany; sitelink_count: 2).
- Being made an Officer of the Legion of Honour (France; sitelink_count: 10).
- Receiving the Ellis Island Medal of Honor (United States; inception 1986; sitelink_count: 10).
- Being an honorary citizen of Palermo (Italy; sitelink_count: 1).
- Holding honorary doctorates from Trinity College, Dublin (Ireland; sitelink_count: 1), University of Rennes 2 (France), and University of Nice‑Sophia Antipolis (France; sitelink_count: 1).
- Longstanding association with the Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP), a social democratic and Irish nationalist political party (SDLP inception: 1970-08-21; country reference Q26; headquarters ; sitelink_count: 37).

## Body

### Early life
- Born in 1937; deceased in 2020. The source provides the years of birth and death but does not specify place of birth or early-family details.
- Identified in structured metadata as a human representative of the species Homo sapiens.

### Political affiliation and career
- Political identity: described as an Irish politician from Northern Ireland (wikidata_description).
- Associated political party: Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP). The SDLP is described as a social democratic and Irish nationalist political party in Northern Ireland. The party’s inception date is given as 1970-08-21 and the party has a sitelink_count of 37. The SDLP’s country reference is Q26 and its headquarters is referenced as  in the provided data.
- Field of activity: politics and the peace process. The entry lists "politics" and "peace process" among related entities, identifying these areas as central to his professional life.

### Awards, honours, and recognitions
- Nobel Peace Prize: Listed among his major awards. The Nobel Peace Prize is noted in the source as one of the five Nobel Prizes (sitelink_count: 128).
- Gandhi Peace Prize: Awarded for contributions towards social, economic and political transformation through non‑violence and Gandhian methods; inception 1995; country: India; sitelink_count: 28.
- Peace Prize of Hesse: Identified as a German peace award. The source includes inception details: established 16 October 1993 (statement of establishment) and first awarded in 1994; country: Germany; sitelink_count: 2.
- Officer of the Legion of Honour: Noted as the second rank of the French Legion of Honour; country: France; sitelink_count: 10.
- Ellis Island Medal of Honor: Listed with inception around 1986; described as an American award presented annually to citizens (both native-born and naturalized); country: United States; sitelink_count: 10.
- Honorary civic and academic honours:
  - Honorary citizen of Palermo (Italy; sitelink_count: 1).
  - Honorary doctor of the University of Rennes 2 (France).
  - Honorary doctorate of Trinity College, Dublin (Ireland; sitelink_count: 1).
  - Honorary doctorate from the University of Nice‑Sophia Antipolis (France; sitelink_count: 1).

### Related entities and context
- United Kingdom: Listed among related entities; Northern Ireland exists within the constitutional context of the United Kingdom (United Kingdom sitelink_count: 388; inception references provided in the source).
- Broader categories: politician (sitelink_count: 152), politics (sitelink_count: 287), peace process (sitelink_count: 8).
- The source frames John Hume within these political and peacebuilding categories rather than listing technical or scientific fields.

### Structured metadata and identifiers
- Wikipedia title: John Hume.
- Wikidata description: "Irish politician from Northern Ireland (1937–2020)."
- Person-level sitelink_count: 63 (structured property).

### Key organizational tie
- Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP):
  - Described as a social democratic and Irish nationalist political party in Northern Ireland.
  - Inception date: 1970-08-21.
  - Country reference: Q26.
  - Headquarters reference: .
  - sitelink_count: 37.

### Summary of documented outcomes
- The source documents substantial international recognition tied to non-violent political efforts and the peace process, as reflected by the Nobel Peace Prize, Gandhi Peace Prize, Peace Prize of Hesse, Legion of Honour (Officer), Ellis Island Medal of Honor, and multiple honorary academic distinctions.
- The source identifies John Hume’s principal professional domain as politics and his principal public contribution as work on the peace process, together with formal recognition by multiple states and institutions.

(End of entry.)

## References

1. Encyclopædia Britannica
2. Czech National Authority Database
3. [John Hume: Nobel Peace Prize winner dies aged 83. 2020](https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-northern-ireland-44753271)
4. LIBRIS. 2018
5. [Source](https://cain.ulster.ac.uk/othelem/chron/ch79.htm)
6. TheyWorkForYou
7. Hansard 1803–2005
8. [The Nobel Peace Prize 1998. nobelprize.org](https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1998/summary/)
9. [Table showing prize amounts. Nobel Foundation. 2019](https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2019/04/prize-amounts-2020.pdf)
10. [Source](https://www.betterworld.info/peace/peace-prizes/sean-macbride-peace-prize/1998-john-hume-northern-ireland)
11. [Source](https://culture.gov.in/awards-category/1634)
12. [Source](https://www.univ-rennes2.fr/recherche/doctorat-honoris-causa)
13. Robert Redford and John Hume awarded Honorary Degrees
14. [Journal officiel de la République française](http://legifrance.gouv.fr/affichTexte.do?cidTexte=JORFTEXT000000188870)
15. [Source](https://journaldemonaco.gouv.mc/Journaux/2001/Journal-7523/Ordonnance-Souveraine-n-15.109-du-18-novembre-2001-portant-promotions-ou-nominations-dans-l-Ordre-de-Saint-Charles)
16. [Source](https://journaldemonaco.gouv.mc/Journaux/2002/Journal-7555/Ordonnance-Souveraine-n-15.428-du-8-juillet-2002-portant-promotion-au-grade-de-Commandeur-dans-l-Ordre-de-Saint-Charles)
17. International Standard Name Identifier
18. Virtual International Authority File
19. SNAC
20. Encyclopædia Britannica Online
21. Brockhaus Enzyklopädie
22. Munzinger Personen
23. Freebase Data Dumps. 2013
24. [ThoughtCo.](https://www.thoughtco.com/french-speaking-celebrities-1369647)
25. UK House of Commons Election Results at Constituency Level