# Joel Elias Spingarn

> American activist (1875–1939)

**Wikidata**: [Q4431219](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4431219)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joel_Elias_Spingarn)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/joel-elias-spingarn


## References

1. Virtual International Authority File
2. BnF authorities
3. [Source](http://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/people/spingarn-joel-elias.html)
4. International Standard Name Identifier
5. CiNii Research
6. International Plant Names Index
7. [Source](http://hdl.handle.net/10079/fa/beinecke.spingarn)
8. [Source](https://archives.nypl.org/mss/2846)
9. [Source](https://archives.nypl.org/scm/20779)
10. SNAC
11. National Library of Israel Names and Subjects Authority File
12. Catalogo of the National Library of India