# Jérôme Bonaparte

> Napoleon I's brother (1784–1860)

**Wikidata**: [Q151087](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q151087)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jérôme_Bonaparte)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/jerome-bonaparte

## Summary
Jérôme Bonaparte was a French politician and military officer, best known as the younger brother of Napoleon I. He served as King of Westphalia from 1807 to 1813 and held various military and political roles during the Napoleonic Wars. His career spanned the French Revolution and the early 19th century, marked by his military distinctions and foreign honors.

## Biography
- Born: November 15, 1784, in Ajaccio, Corsica
- Nationality: French
- Education: Studied at the Collège de France and the École Militaire
- Known for: Leading military campaigns and political roles during the Napoleonic era
- Employer(s): French Army, Kingdom of Westphalia
- Field(s): Military leadership, political governance

## Contributions
- **King of Westphalia (1807–1813)**: Served as the ruler of the short-lived Kingdom of Westphalia, established by Napoleon.
- **Military Campaigns**: Participated in key battles of the Napoleonic Wars, including the Battle of Austerlitz (1805) and the Battle of Jena-Auerstedt (1806).
- **Political Leadership**: Advocated for conservative policies and maintained order during the Napoleonic era.

## FAQs
**What was Jérôme Bonaparte's role in the Napoleonic Wars?**
Jérôme Bonaparte commanded military forces and participated in major battles, including the Battle of Austerlitz and the Battle of Jena-Auerstedt, demonstrating his leadership during the Napoleonic era.

**Where did Jérôme Bonaparte serve as king?**
He ruled as King of Westphalia from 1807 to 1813, a kingdom established by Napoleon in northern Germany.

**What military distinctions did Jérôme Bonaparte receive?**
He was awarded the Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour, the Order of the Black Eagle, and the Order of St. Andrew, among other honors.

## Why They Matter
Jérôme Bonaparte's military and political contributions during the Napoleonic era shaped the course of European history. His leadership in Westphalia and participation in key battles influenced the balance of power in Germany and Central Europe. His legacy endures as a figure tied to the broader Napoleonic conflicts and the broader political landscape of the early 19th century.

## Notable For
- **King of Westphalia**: Ruled the Kingdom of Westphalia from 1807 to 1813.
- **Military Leadership**: Commanded forces in major Napoleonic battles.
- **Foreign Honors**: Received prestigious awards from Prussia, Russia, and other European powers.
- **Legion of Honour**: Awarded the Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour for his military service.

## Body
### Early Life and Education
Jérôme Bonaparte was born on November 15, 1784, in Ajaccio, Corsica. He studied at the Collège de France and the École Militaire, preparing for a career in the military.

### Military Career
Jérôme Bonaparte joined the French Army and participated in key battles of the Napoleonic Wars, including the Battle of Austerlitz (1805) and the Battle of Jena-Auerstedt (1806). His military service earned him numerous distinctions, including the Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour and the Order of the Black Eagle.

### Political Leadership
In 1807, Jérôme Bonaparte was appointed King of Westphalia, a kingdom established by Napoleon in northern Germany. He ruled until 1813, maintaining order and advocating for conservative policies. His reign was short-lived, as the Kingdom of Westphalia was dissolved following Napoleon's defeat.

### Later Life and Legacy
After the fall of Napoleon, Jérôme Bonaparte retired from public life. He died on June 24, 1860, in Paris. His legacy is tied to the Napoleonic era, where his military and political contributions shaped the course of European history.

## References

1. Integrated Authority File
2. datos.bne.es
3. senat.fr
4. Genealogics
5. International Standard Name Identifier
6. Virtual International Authority File
7. BnF authorities
8. [Source](https://francearchives.fr/fr/file/ad46ac22be9df6a4d1dae40326de46d8a5cbd19d/FRSHD_PUB_00000355.pdf)
9. Encyclopædia Britannica Online
10. Find a Grave
11. The Peerage
12. Brockhaus Enzyklopädie
13. GeneaStar
14. Freebase Data Dumps. 2013
15. LIBRIS. 2012
16. Sejm-Wielki.pl