# Irradiance sensorless PSO-based Integral Backstepping and Immersion & invariance algorithm for robust MPPT control with real-climatic microcontroller-in-the-loop experimental validation

> Research article (Computers & Electrical Engineering, 2025) · cited 12× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W4408789959](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W4408789959)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/irradiance-sensorless-pso-based-integral-backstepping-and-immersion-amp-invariance-algorithm-for-robust-mppt-control-wit