# ING Group

> Dutch multinational banking and financial services corporation

**Wikidata**: [Q645708](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q645708)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ING_Group)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/ing-group

## Summary
ING Group is a Dutch multinational banking and financial services corporation headquartered in Amsterdam, Netherlands, with an inception date of January 1, 1991. It operates as a major enterprise undertaking commercial and professional activities, managing over 1 trillion euros in total assets and employing nearly 60,000 people globally. The organization is a key component of the European financial landscape, listed on major exchanges including the New York Stock Exchange and Euronext.

## Key Facts
*   **Full Legal Name:** ING GROEP N.V. (also known as ING).
*   **Inception Date:** January 1, 1991.
*   **Headquarters Location:** Amsterdam, Netherlands (Capital city).
*   **Primary Industry:** Financial services and banking.
*   **Total Assets:** Ranging from €975.5 billion to €1.02 trillion.
*   **Revenue:** Reported figures include €22.6 billion, €22.5 billion, and €18.5 billion.
*   **Net Profit:** Reported figures include €7.5 billion, €6.6 billion, €4.2 billion, and €3.7 billion.
*   **Employee Count:** Ranges between 59,434 and 63,930 staff members.
*   **Stock Market Listings:** Listed on the New York Stock Exchange (inception 1792) and Euronext (inception 2000).
*   **Key Indices:** Component of the EURO STOXX 50 and the AEX index (30 major companies on Euronext Amsterdam).
*   **Official Websites:** https://www.ing.com/, https://www.ing.com.tr/, https://www.ing.nl/, https://www.ing.de/, https://www.ing.be/.
*   **Predecessor Entities:** Formed following the era of NMB Postbank Groep (inception 1989) and involved the acquisition of Barings Bank (inception 1762).
*   **Spin-off/Related Entity:** NN Group (European insurance group with Dutch origin, inception 1963).

## FAQs
**What is the corporate history and origin of ING Group?**
ING Group was established on January 1, 1991, in the Netherlands, evolving from the consolidation of Dutch banking entities including NMB Postbank Groep. The organization later expanded its portfolio significantly by acquiring the English merchant bank Barings Bank, which was founded in 1762.

**Which major subsidiaries and international branches does ING operate?**
The group maintains a global footprint with specific subsidiaries such as ING Australia (headquartered in Sydney, inception 1999), ING Türkiye (headquartered in Istanbul, inception 1984), and ING Belgium (headquartered in Brussels, inception 1935). Additionally, it operates ING Bank Śląski in Poland, which was founded on April 11, 1988.

**Who are the key leadership figures and affiliated professionals associated with ING?**
Prominent individuals linked to the organization include Dutch bankers and executives such as Ralph Hamers, Jeroen van der Veer, and Jan Hommen. The group is also affiliated with Alexander Rinnooy Kan, a Dutch mathematician and businessman.

**What financial metrics define the scale of ING Group?**
The corporation manages total assets exceeding €1 trillion and generates annual revenues between €18.5 billion and €22.6 billion. Its net profit has fluctuated between €3.7 billion and €7.5 billion in reported periods, with a workforce numbering over 59,000 employees.

## Why It Matters
ING Group serves as a critical pillar in the global financial infrastructure, facilitating cross-border commerce and providing essential banking services to millions of customers across Europe and beyond. Its significance is amplified by its status as a constituent of the EURO STOXX 50 and the AEX index, making it a barometer for the health of the Eurozone and Dutch economies. By integrating diverse banking operations—from the historic NMB Postbank to the acquisition of Barings Bank—the group has reshaped the landscape of international retail and corporate banking. Its massive asset base and extensive employee network allow it to influence market trends, support economic stability, and drive innovation in financial services, including its participation in the European Payments Initiative.

## Notable For
*   **Global Scale:** Managing over €1 trillion in total assets with a workforce exceeding 59,000 employees.
*   **Strategic Acquisitions:** Successfully integrating the historic Barings Bank (founded 1762) into its operations.
*   **Index Membership:** Being a core component of the AEX index (30 major companies) and the EURO STOXX 50.
*   **Diverse Subsidiary Network:** Operating distinct national entities like ING Türkiye (founded 1984) and ING Bank Śląski (founded 1988) with localized headquarters.
*   **Leadership Legacy:** Hosting a roster of high-profile Dutch executives including Jeroen van der Veer and Ralph Hamers.
*   **Market Presence:** Maintaining a dual listing on the New York Stock Exchange and Euronext, bridging American and European capital markets.

## Body

### Corporate Identity and Classification
ING Group is classified as a multinational banking and financial services corporation and an enterprise undertaking commercial, industrial, or professional activity. The entity is legally recognized as ING GROEP N.V. and operates with a high degree of autonomy in decision-making regarding resource allocation. It is headquartered in Amsterdam, the capital and most populous city of the Netherlands, a location that has served as the administrative center since the country's inception in 1795 as the Batavian Republic and through various historical iterations including the Kingdom of Holland and the United Kingdom of the Netherlands. The organization is a primary player in the financial services industry, providing economic services that are fundamental to the finance sector.

### Financial Performance and Metrics
The financial standing of ING Group is characterized by substantial asset management and revenue generation. Total assets are recorded at figures including €1,020,545,000,000 and €975,583,000,000. Revenue streams have been documented at €22,615,000,000, €22,575,000,000, and €18,561,000,000. Net profit figures vary across reporting periods, showing values of €7,521,000,000, €6,651,000,000, €4,290,000,000, and €3,777,000,000. The organization employs a significant workforce, with employee counts recorded at 63,930 and 59,434. These metrics underscore its position as a major economic entity within the Netherlands and the broader European Union.

### Historical Evolution and Predecessors
The formation of ING Group in 1991 marked a consolidation of Dutch banking history. It succeeded or absorbed elements of NMB Postbank Groep, a Dutch bank established in 1989. A pivotal moment in its expansion was the acquisition of Barings Bank, an English merchant bank founded in 1762 with its headquarters in London. This acquisition integrated a centuries-old institution into the modern ING structure. The group's lineage is also connected to the NN Group, a European insurance group with Dutch origins that was established in 1963 and later became a separate entity or related group within the broader financial ecosystem.

### Global Subsidiaries and Operational Footprint
ING Group operates a network of distinct subsidiaries across various countries, each with specific inception dates and headquarters.
*   **ING Australia:** Established in 1999, this entity is headquartered in Sydney and operates within the economics of banking and financial services sectors.
*   **ING Türkiye:** Founded in 1984, this Turkish foreign capital private sector bank is based in Istanbul. As of December 31, 2020, it reported 3,442 employees.
*   **ING Belgium:** This Belgian bank traces its inception to January 30, 1935. Its headquarters are located in Brussels, specifically at Marnixlaan 24, 1000 Brussel, within the Brussels-Capital Region.
*   **ING Bank Śląski:** A banking and financial services company based in Poland, headquartered in Katowice, with an inception date of April 11, 1988.

### Market Listings and Indices
The corporation is publicly traded and holds significant positions in major stock market indices. It is listed on the New York Stock Exchange, an American exchange founded in 1792, and Euronext, a pan-European bourse established on September 22, 2000. Euronext operates across multiple countries including the Netherlands, France, Belgium, and others. ING is a constituent of the AEX index, which tracks the 30 major companies trading on Euronext Amsterdam, and the EURO STOXX 50, a Eurozone stock market index created on February 26, 1998. These listings highlight its integration into both American and European capital markets.

### Leadership and Affiliations
The organization is associated with several notable Dutch professionals and executives. Jeroen van der Veer served as a chief executive, while Ralph Hamers is identified as a Dutch banker. Jan Hommen is recognized as a Dutch entrepreneur, and Alexander Rinnooy Kan is affiliated as a mathematician and businessman. These individuals represent the human capital and governance structure that has guided the corporation. Furthermore, ING is affiliated with the European Payments Initiative, an association of European payment service providers and banks established on July 2, 2020, headquartered in Brussels. The group also maintains connections to the FIDO Alliance, an industry consortium working on authentication mechanisms, and the Royal Dutch Football Association, reflecting its broad societal engagement in the Netherlands.

### Digital Presence and Services
ING Group maintains a robust digital presence through multiple country-specific websites, including https://www.ing.com/, https://www.ing.com.tr/, https://www.ing.nl/, https://www.ing.de/, and https://www.ing.be/. These platforms serve as the primary interface for its financial services, which encompass a wide range of banking products. The corporation's operations extend to supporting the broader financial sector, including the economics of banking and the provision of financial services to both individual and corporate clients. Its involvement in the European Payments Initiative further demonstrates its commitment to modernizing payment infrastructure across the continent.

## References

1. [Source](https://www.unepfi.org/net-zero-banking/members/)
2. [Source](https://www.lobbyfacts.eu/datacard/ing-group?rid=12112965774-95)
3. [Largest investors](https://www.ing.com/About-us/Corporate-governance/Shareholder-influence/Largest-investors.htm)
4. GRID Release 2017-01-10
5. Virtual International Authority File
6. [Source](https://www.ing.com.au/about-us/who-we-are-company.html)
7. Polygon.io
8. 20th Century Press Archives
9. [Source](https://fidoalliance.org/members/)
10. [Source](https://vbcn.nl/nl/collecties/ing)
11. Freebase Data Dumps. 2013
12. Czech National Authority Database
13. [Source](https://www.statista.com/statistics/678367/number-of-employees-at-full-time-equivalent-basis-at-ing-bank/)
14. [annual report](https://www.ing.com/MediaEditPage/2024-ING-Groep-NV-annual-report.htm)
15. [Source](http://km.aifb.kit.edu/services/crunchbase/)
16. [Source](https://www.ing.com/web/file?uuid=bbbb6628-52ea-4469-8232-2a0d0d60f099&owner=b03bc017-e0db-4b5d-abbf-003b12934429&contentid=39230)
17. GRID Release 2016-12-06
18. [Source](https://www.ing.com/Investor-relations/Financial-performance/Annual-reports.htm)
19. Aligned ISNI and Ringgold identifiers for institutions
20. Via P227 lookup with GND value from PM20 folder. 20th Century Press Archives
21. Name Suggestion Index
22. YouTube API
23. Wikirate