# Hierarchical optimal intelligent battery thermal management strategy for an electric vehicle based on ant colony sliding mode control

> Research article (ISA Transactions, 2023) · cited 20× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W4387050594](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W4387050594)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/hierarchical-optimal-intelligent-battery-thermal-management-strategy-for-an-electric-vehicle-based-on-ant-colony-sliding