# HAP: SPMD DNN Training on Heterogeneous GPU Clusters with Automated Program Synthesis

> Research article (Proceedings of the Nineteenth European Conference on Computer Systems, 2024) · cited 13× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W4394946008](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W4394946008)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/hap-spmd-dnn-training-on-heterogeneous-gpu-clusters-with-automated-program-synthesis