# Ground(less) Truth: A Causal Framework for Proxy Labels in Human-Algorithm Decision-Making

> Research article (2023 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency, 2023) · cited 18× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W4380319026](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W4380319026)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/ground-less-truth-a-causal-framework-for-proxy-labels-in-human-algorithm-decision-making