# GrapheneOS

> security and privacy-focused, Android-based mobile operating system

**Wikidata**: [Q85764357](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q85764357)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GrapheneOS)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/grapheneos

## Summary

GrapheneOS is a software application[1][2][3][4][5][6]. Its notable works include Hardened malloc, Auditor, App Store, Secure Camera, Secure PDF Viewer, and the GrapheneOS app repository[1][2][3][4][5][6].

## Summary
GrapheneOS is a security and privacy-focused Android-based mobile operating system developed by Daniel Micay. It is designed to reduce attack surfaces and mitigate exploits by implementing hardening techniques inspired by OpenBSD, such as its hardened memory allocator. The project was founded in 2014 and has been endorsed by notable figures like Edward Snowden and Vitalik Buterin.

## Key Facts
- **Type**: Security and privacy-focused Android-based mobile operating system
- **Developed by**: Daniel Micay, a Canadian developer and security researcher
- **Founded**: 2014
- **Based on**: Android Open Source Project (AOSP)
- **Key Feature**: Hardened malloc, a memory allocator inspired by OpenBSD
- **Licenses**: GNU General Public License, version 2.0 and MIT License
- **Endorsed by**: Edward Snowden, Vitalik Buterin, and others
- **Used by**: Edward Snowden, Agence nationale de la sécurité des systèmes d'information, and Jack Rhysider
- **Compatible with**: Android apps, APKs, and Google Play Services in a sandboxed environment
- **Website**: [grapheneos.org](https://grapheneos.org/)
- **GitHub**: [GrapheneOS](https://github.com/GrapheneOS)

## FAQs
### Q: What is GrapheneOS and why was it created?
A: GrapheneOS is a security and privacy-focused Android-based mobile operating system developed by Daniel Micay. It was created to address the security vulnerabilities inherent in standard Android distributions by implementing hardening techniques and reducing attack surfaces.

### Q: Who developed GrapheneOS?
A: GrapheneOS was developed by Daniel Micay, a Canadian developer and security researcher. The project was founded in 2014.

### Q: What makes GrapheneOS different from other Android distributions?
A: GrapheneOS stands out due to its focus on security and privacy. It implements hardening techniques inspired by OpenBSD, including a hardened memory allocator, and reduces attack surfaces to mitigate exploits. It has also been endorsed by notable figures like Edward Snowden and Vitalik Buterin.

### Q: Is GrapheneOS open-source?
A: Yes, GrapheneOS is open-source software. It is based on the Android Open Source Project (AOSP) and is licensed under the GNU General Public License, version 2.0 and the MIT License.

### Q: Who uses GrapheneOS?
A: GrapheneOS is used by individuals and organizations focused on security and privacy, including Edward Snowden, the Agence nationale de la sécurité des systèmes d'information, and Jack Rhysider.

## Why It Matters
GrapheneOS addresses a critical gap in the mobile operating system landscape by providing a highly secure and privacy-focused alternative to standard Android distributions. In an era where digital security threats are increasingly sophisticated, GrapheneOS offers users a way to mitigate risks by reducing attack surfaces and implementing robust hardening techniques. Its development by Daniel Micay, a recognized security researcher, lends credibility to its claims of enhanced security. The endorsement of GrapheneOS by figures like Edward Snowden and Vitalik Buterin further underscores its relevance in the tech community. By focusing on privacy and security, GrapheneOS empowers users to protect their personal data and communications from potential exploits and surveillance.

## Notable For
- **Security Focus**: GrapheneOS is notable for its comprehensive approach to security, implementing hardening techniques inspired by OpenBSD and reducing attack surfaces.
- **Endorsements**: The project has been endorsed by prominent figures such as Edward Snowden and Vitalik Buterin, which enhances its credibility and adoption.
- **Open-Source Development**: GrapheneOS is open-source, allowing for community contributions and transparency in its development process.
- **Hardened Memory Allocator**: The inclusion of a hardened memory allocator, inspired by OpenBSD, sets GrapheneOS apart in terms of exploit mitigation.
- **Privacy Features**: GrapheneOS offers privacy-focused features, including sandboxed Google Play Services and Android Auto, to protect user data.

## Body
### Overview
GrapheneOS is a security and privacy-focused Android-based mobile operating system developed by Daniel Micay. It was founded in 2014 and is based on the Android Open Source Project (AOSP). The project aims to address the security vulnerabilities inherent in standard Android distributions by implementing hardening techniques and reducing attack surfaces.

### Development and Features
GrapheneOS is developed by Daniel Micay, a Canadian developer and security researcher. The project includes a hardened memory allocator inspired by OpenBSD, which helps mitigate exploits. Key features of GrapheneOS include:
- **Hardened malloc**: A memory allocator inspired by OpenBSD to enhance security.
- **Reduced attack surfaces**: Techniques to minimize potential points of vulnerability.
- **Sandboxed Google Play Services**: Allows for the use of Google Play Services while maintaining security.
- **Secure Camera and PDF Viewer**: Additional privacy-focused features to protect user data.

### Licensing and Compatibility
GrapheneOS is licensed under the GNU General Public License, version 2.0 and the MIT License. It is compatible with Android apps, APKs, and Google Play Services in a sandboxed environment. The project also supports Android Auto and eSIM in a sandboxed manner.

### Endorsements and Usage
GrapheneOS has been endorsed by notable figures, including Edward Snowden and Vitalik Buterin. It is used by individuals and organizations focused on security and privacy, such as the Agence nationale de la sécurité des systèmes d'information and Jack Rhysider.

### Community and Support
GrapheneOS has an active community and offers various resources for users, including:
- **Official Website**: [grapheneos.org](https://grapheneos.org/)
- **GitHub**: [GrapheneOS](https://github.com/GrapheneOS)
- **Social Media**: Twitter, Mastodon, and Matrix for community engagement.
- **Support Channels**: Issue trackers, forums, and documentation for user assistance.

### Technical Details
GrapheneOS is built on the Android Open Source Project (AOSP) and includes:
- **Version History**: Multiple stable versions released since its inception.
- **Security Audits**: Regular security audits to ensure the integrity of the system.
- **Update Methods**: Over-the-air updates and sideloading via Android Debug Bridge.

## Schema Markup
```json
{
  "@context": "https://schema.org",
  "@type": "SoftwareApplication",
  "name": "GrapheneOS",
  "description": "A security and privacy-focused Android-based mobile operating system developed by Daniel Micay.",
  "url": "https://grapheneos.org/",
  "sameAs": ["https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q111734095", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GrapheneOS"],
  "applicationCategory": "Mobile Operating System",
  "operatingSystem": "Android",
  "license": ["GNU General Public License, version 2.0", "MIT License"],
  "developer": {
    "@type": "Person",
    "name": "Daniel Micay",
    "sameAs": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q111734095"
  },
  "datePublished": "2014",
  "softwareVersion": "2022062200",
  "featureList": ["Hardened malloc", "Reduced attack surfaces", "Sandboxed Google Play Services"],
  "offers": {
    "@type": "Offer",
    "url": "https://grapheneos.org/install/"
  },
  "additionalType": "Security-focused Operating System"
}

## References

1. [Source](https://grapheneos.org/history/)
2. [Maximális biztonságra gyúr az Android-alapú GrapheneOS. Origo. 2019](https://www.origo.hu/techbazis/20190403-grapheneos-android-alapu-biztonsagos-rendszer.html)
3. [A week with GrapheneOS exposed my over-reliance on Google. 2022](https://mobilesyrup.com/2022/03/20/using-grapheneos-for-one-week/)
4. [I replaced Android on a Pixel 3 with an Android-based privacy OS. 2022](https://mobilesyrup.com/2022/03/13/replacing-android-with-grapheneos/)
5. [Ein gehärtetes Android ohne Google, bitte. golem.de. 2019](https://www.golem.de/news/grapheneos-ein-gehaertetes-android-ohne-google-bitte-1912-145383.html)
6. [c't 3003: Ent-googletes Android dank Calyx, /e/, Graphene, Lineage & Volla. c’t. 2022](https://www.heise.de/news/c-t-3003-Ent-googletes-Android-dank-Calyx-e-Graphene-Lineage-Volla-6682371.html)
7. [Doing these 6 difficult things may make your smartphone ‘hack proof’. The Times of India. 2019](https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/gadgets-news/doing-these-6-difficult-things-may-make-your-smartphone-hack-proof/articleshow/71252998.cms)
8. [Features overview](https://grapheneos.org/features#project)
9. [Frequently Asked Questions](https://grapheneos.org/faq)
10. [Android Hardening wird zu GrapheneOS. Pro-Linux. 2019](https://www.pro-linux.de/news/1/26955/android-hardening-wird-zu-grapheneos.html)
11. [Source](https://grapheneos.org/faq#copyright-and-licensing)
12. [Source](https://grapheneos.org/#about)
13. [Source](https://grapheneos.social/@GrapheneOS/115801519448578374)
14. [Source](https://grapheneos.org/faq#trademark)
15. [Source](https://grapheneos.org/)
16. [Source](https://github.com/GrapheneOS/)
17. [Source](https://twitter.com/GrapheneOS)
18. [Source](https://grapheneos.org/faq#bundled-apps)
19. [Source](https://github.com/GrapheneOS/kernel_google_redbull/blob/12.1/COPYING)
20. [Releases](https://grapheneos.org/releases#2021121602)
21. [Releases](https://grapheneos.org/releases#2021122018)
22. [Releases](https://grapheneos.org/releases#2022060701)
23. [Releases](https://grapheneos.org/releases#2022061600)
24. [Releases](https://grapheneos.org/releases#2022062200)
25. [Source](https://grapheneos.org/releases#2019.03.05.03)
26. [Source](https://grapheneos.org/releases#2019.04.01.19)
27. [Source](https://grapheneos.org/releases#2019.05.07.00)
28. [Source](https://grapheneos.org/releases#2019.05.08.15)
29. [Source](https://grapheneos.org/releases#2019.05.18.20)
30. [Source](https://grapheneos.org/releases#2019.06.03.18)
31. [Source](https://grapheneos.org/releases#2019.06.14.02)
32. [Source](https://grapheneos.org/releases#2019.06.23.05)
33. [Releases](https://grapheneos.org/releases#2022063000)
34. [Releases](https://grapheneos.org/releases#2022071300)
35. [Releases](https://grapheneos.org/releases#2022072000)
36. [Releases](https://grapheneos.org/releases#2022072700)
37. [Releases](https://grapheneos.org/releases#2022073000)
38. [Releases](https://grapheneos.org/releases#2022080300)
39. [Releases](https://grapheneos.org/releases#2022080500)
40. [Releases](https://grapheneos.org/releases#2022080900)
41. [Releases](https://grapheneos.org/releases#2022081600)
42. [Releases](https://grapheneos.org/releases#2022081800)
43. [Releases](https://grapheneos.org/releases#2022100300)
44. [Releases](https://grapheneos.org/releases#2022102800)
45. [Releases](https://grapheneos.org/releases#2022122700)
46. [2023010300](https://grapheneos.org/releases#2023010300)
47. [Source](https://grapheneos.org/releases#2023052900)
48. [Releases: 2023091800. 2023](https://grapheneos.org/releases#2023091800)
49. [Releases: 2024012600. 2024](https://grapheneos.org/releases#2024012600)
50. [Releases | GrapheneOS. 2024](https://grapheneos.org/releases#2024020500)